1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising: a substrate; a first electrode disposed over the substrate for injecting charge of a first polarity; a second electrode disposed over the first electrode for injecting charge of a second polarity opposite to said first polarity; an organic light emitting layer disposed between the first and the second electrode; and an encapsulant disposed over the second electrode, wherein the second electrode and the encapsulant are transparent to light emitted by the light emitting layer, wherein a cavity is provided between the encapsulant and the second electrode, and wherein an anti-reflective coating is provided on at least one side of the encapsulant for reducing reflection of light emitted by the light emitting layer so as to improve out-coupling of light from the device, said anti-reflective coating being transparent to light emitted by the light emitting layer.
2. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the anti-reflective coating is provided at an interface between the cavity and the encapsulant.
3. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein two anti-reflective coatings are provided, one on each side of the encapsulant.
4. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 3, wherein the encapsulant acts as a spacer between the two anti-reflective coatings such that the two anti-reflective coatings are separated by a distance of between 5 micrometers to 12 micrometers.
5. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity has a thickness of 10 \u03bcm or more.
6. (canceled)
7. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity is a gas filled cavity.
8. (canceled)
9. (canceled)
10. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the encapsulant is adhered directly or indirectly to the substrate to form a perimeter seal comprising a getter material.
11. (canceled)
12. (canceled)
13. (canceled)
14. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the encapsulant is in the range 0.1 mm to 1.1 mm.
15. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of pixels forming a display.
16. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 15, wherein the substrate is common to the plurality of pixels.
17. An organic electroluminescent device according to claim 15, wherein the encapsulant is common to the plurality of pixels.
18. (canceled)
19. (canceled)
20. (canceled)
21. (canceled)
22. A method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device comprising: depositing at least one first electrode over a substrate; depositing an organic light-emitting material over the at least one first electrode; depositing at least one second electrode over the organic light-emitting material wherein the at least one first electrode, the organic light-emitting material and the at least one second electrode form a light-emitting structure; and adhering an encapsulant over the light-emitting structure, wherein the at least one second electrode and the encapsulant are transparent to light emitted by the light-emitting material, wherein a cavity is provided between the encapsulant and the light emitting structure, and wherein the encapsulant comprises an anti-reflective coating on at least one side for reducing reflection of light emitted by the light-emitting material, said anti-reflective coating being transparent to light emitted by the light emitting material.
23. A method according to claim 22, wherein the encapsulant comprises a cavity and is adhered to the substrate directly or indirectly to form a perimeter seal, the cavity and the perimeter seal having a depth such that the cavity is maintained.
24. A method according to claim 22, wherein the light emitting structure comprises a plurality of pixels forming a display.
25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the substrate is common to the plurality of pixels.
26. A method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the encapsulant is common to the plurality of pixels.
27. (canceled)
28. (canceled)
29. (canceled)
30. (canceled)
31. A preform comprising a plurality of organic electroluminescent devices according to claim 1, the substrate and the encapsulant being common to the plurality of organic electroluminescent devices and wherein the encapsulant comprises a sheet having a plurality of cavities formed therein, the cavities corresponding to positions of the plurality of organic electroluminescent devices.
32. A preform according to claim 31, comprising break lines provided between the plurality of organic electroluminescent devices.
33. A method of manufacturing a plurality of organic electroluminescent devices from the preform of claim 31, comprising breaking the preform.
34. (canceled)
35. A method of manufacturing a preform of claim 31, comprising depositing the anti-reflective coating on the encapsulant after forming the plurality of cavities therein.
36. (canceled)
37. A method of according to claim 35, comprising forming the plurality of cavities by etching the sheet.
38. An encapsulating sheet for an organic light-emitting display, the encapsulating sheet comprising a transparent sheet of material having a plurality of cavities in one side thereof for receiving organic light-emitting structures, the transparent sheet of material having an anti-reflective coating provided on at least one side thereof for reducing reflection of light from said at least one side.
39. An encapsulating sheet according to claim 38, wherein the antireflective coating is disposed on the side of the transparent sheet having the plurality of cavities therein.
40. An encapsulating sheet according to claim 39, wherein the antireflective coating is disposed in the cavities and not in the spaces between the cavities.
41. An encapsulating sheet according to claim 38, wherein two anti-reflective coatings are provided, one on each side of the encapsulating sheet.
42. (canceled)
43. A method of manufacturing an encapsulating sheet for an organic light-emitting display, the method comprising: forming a plurality of cavities in one side of a transparent sheet of material for receiving organic light-emitting structures; and coating at least one side of the transparent sheet of material with an anti-reflective coating for reducing reflection of light from said at least one side.
44. A method according to claim 43, comprising depositing the antireflective coating on the side of the transparent sheet having the plurality of cavities therein after forming the cavities.
45. A method according to claim 44, comprising depositing the antireflective coating in the cavities and not in the spaces between the cavities.
46. A method according to claim 43, comprising providing two anti-reflective coatings, one on each side of the encapsulating sheet.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising:
first and second substrates which oppose each other;
a black matrix disposed on the first substrate;
a color filter disposed on the first substrate and at least a portion of the black matrix;
a composite layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix;
a plurality of thin film transistors corresponding to the color filter arranged as array on the composite layer;
a transparent conductive layer disposed on the second substrate; and
a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates.
2. The display panel as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of pixel electrodes corresponding to the color filter arranged as array on the composite layer.
3. The display panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thin film transistor comprises:
source and drain regions disposed on the composite layer separated by an interval, and one of them connected to the pixel electrode;
a channel layer disposed on the composite layer between the source and drain regions, and electrically connected to the source and drain regions, respectively; and
a gate insulating layer and a gate structure disposed on the channel layer.
4. The display panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the black matrix is disposed underlying each the thin film transistor.
5. The display panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the black matrix is overlapped by the channel layer.
6. The display panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite layer comprises a planarizing layer and an optional passivation layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix.
7. The display panel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the planarizing layer is an organic transparent insulator, and the passivation layer is an insulating layer.
8. The display panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the planarizing layer is resin or polymer.
9. The display panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the passivation layer is silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.
10. The display panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second substrates are transparent substrates.
11. The display panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer is indium tin oxide.
12. The display panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the channel layer is amorphous silicon (\u03b1-Si).
13. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising:
first and second substrates which oppose each other;
a black matrix disposed on the first substrate;
a color filter disposed on the first substrate and at least a portion of the black matrix;
a composite layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix;
a thin film transistor array corresponding to the color filter arranged on the composite layer, each transistor of the thin film transistor array having a top-gate structure;
a transparent conductive layer disposed on the second substrate; and
a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates.
14. The display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein the black matrix is disposed underlying each of the thin film transistors.
15. The display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein the composite layer comprises a planarizing layer and an optional passivation layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix.
16. The display panel as claimed in claim 15, wherein the planarizing layer is an organic transparent insulator, and the passivation layer is an insulating layer.
17. The display panel as claimed in claim 16, wherein the planarizing layer is resin or polymer.
18. The display panel as claimed in claim 16, wherein the passivation layer is silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.
19. The display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein the first and second substrates are transparent substrates.
20. The display panel as claimed in claim 13, wherein the transparent conductive layer is indium tin oxide.
21. A substrate structure for liquid crystal display, comprising:
a substrate;
a black matrix disposed over the substrate;
a color filter disposed over the substrate and covering at least a portion of the black matrix;
a composite layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix; and
a plurality of thin film transistors disposed over the composite layer and respectively connecting to a corresponding pixel electrode overlying the color filter.
22. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein the thin film transistor comprises:
source and drain regions disposed on the composite layer separated by an interval, and one of them connected to the pixel electrode;
a channel layer disposed on the composite layer between the source and drain regions, and electrically connected to the source and drain regions, respectively; and
a gate insulating layer and a gate structure disposed on the channel layer.
23. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein the black matrix is disposed underneath the thin film transistor.
24. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 22, wherein the black matrix is overlapped by the channel layer.
25. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein the composite layer comprises a planarizing layer and an optional passivation layer disposed on the color filter and the black matrix.
26. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 25, wherein the planarizing layer is an organic transparent insulator, and the passivation layer is an insulating layer.
27. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 26, wherein the planarizing layer is resin or polymer.
28. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 26, wherein the passivation layer is silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride.
29. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein the substrate is made of a transparent material.
30. The substrate structure for liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein the channel layer is amorphous silicon (\u03b1-Si).