1. A method of intraoperative imaging, comprising:
a. capturing a radiographic image using low radiation levels;
b. adding markings to the radiographic image;
c. collecting information taken from the radiographic image and transmitting the information to a surgeon while the surgeon is conducting an operation; and
d. presenting to the surgeon, while the surgeon is conducting the operation, a checklist of a plurality of parameters associated with the measurements taken from the radiographic image on a display device.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising taking a measurement of an anatomical structure depicted in the radiographic image.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising making an adjustment to a surgical procedure based on the measurement.
4. A method of conducting an operation, comprising:
a. initiating the operation;
b. acquiring an intra-op radiographic image of the patient during the operation to determine an intra-op position of the patient; and
c. comparing the intra-op radiographic image with a standard to determine whether the intra-op position of the patient matches a desired position of the patient at a surgical step.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein if the intra-op position does not match the pre-op position,
a. making any adjustments to the patient;
b. acquiring a second intra-op radiographic image; and
c. comparing the second intra-op radiographic image with the standard to determine if the intra-op position matches the desired position.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein anatomical structures shown in the intra-op radiographic image are marked with first markings.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the standard comprises second markings.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein whether the intra-op position of the patient matches the desired position of the patient at the surgical step is determined by comparing the first markings with the second markings.
9-12. (canceled)
13. A method of improving surgical workflow of an operation, comprising:
a. acquiring an intra-op radiographic image of the patient during the operation to determine an intra-op position of the patient;
b. progressing through a checklist of procedures specific to the operation;
c. comparing an anatomical structure displayed on the intra-op radiographic image with a standard to determine whether the intra-op position of the patient matches a desired position of the patient at a surgical step; and
d. if the anatomical structure does not match the standard, then adjusting the patient, acquiring a second intra-op radiographic image, and comparing the anatomical structure displayed on the second intra-op radiographic image with the standard, whereby the surgical workflow is improved.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein measurements are taken of the anatomical structure displayed on the intra-op radiographic image.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein derivatives are used to determine whether the measurements match the standard.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the surgeon is alerted by a rating system as to the accuracy of the measurement.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein an image in a coronal plane is used to verify any positions.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein intra-op radiographic image is taken with a C-arm.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein the intra-op radiographic image undergoes a templating process to account for scaling artifacts.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the intra-op radiographic image undergoes an edge detection process.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method comprising:
seismic wave field continuation, imaging and data analysis steps that are applied in a near well region.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein
a. wave fields are selected (p, s, transmitted, reflected) and selectively extrapolated using wave equation methods on optimized numerical grids.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein wave fields are imaged using a backward extrapolated wave field and computed reference times computed by reverse extrapolating picked travel times in the seismic gathers, thus providing high-resolution images, angle gathers and other data attributes.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the extrapolated or imaged seismic data are used to perform a high-resolution velocity analysis by means of one of angle gather analysis or stacking analysis using semblance or coherence measures of thus derived data attributes.
5. The method of claim 3 wherein the extrapolated or imaged seismic data are used to extract true-amplitude reflectivities in images within the near well trust region.
6. The method of claim 3 wherein extrapolated data or imaged wave field data are used to extract AVOAVA curves to determine subterranean properties with high-resolution and with high confidence.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein well log data is used to calibrate the formed wave field and images with a near well trust region, enabling to project the highly detailed nature of the well log information out to an appreciable distance away from the well bore or receiver array.
8. The method of claim 4 wherein well log data and other information measured in the borehole and thus extrapolated and imaged wave fields are used to invert directly for rock properties and used to produce a high-resolution inverted seismic section for conventional interpretation.