1. A hardenable dental composition comprising
at least one isocyanurate monomer that is a liquid at about 25\xb0 C., the isocyanurate monomer comprising at least one terminal ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group bonded to a nitrogen atom of a trivalent isocyanuric acid ring via a divalent linking group; wherein the divalent linking group is branched or comprises an aliphatic cyclic moiety or aromatic moiety; and comprises one or more moieties selected from ester, thioester, ether, thioether, and the divalent linking is free of urethane linkages.
2. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the linking group has a molecular weight ranging from 100 gmole to 500 gmole.
3. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the divalent linking group comprises an aromatic moiety and further comprises at least one hydroxyl moiety.
4. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group is a (meth)acrylate group.
5. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the monomer has a refractive index of at least 1.50.
6. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the monomer has the general structure
wherein
R1 is alkylene, arylene, or alkarylene, optionally including a heteroatom;
R2 is hydrogen or methyl;
Z is an alkylene, arylene, or alkarylene linking group comprising one or more moieties selected from ester, thioester, ether, thioether, and at least one Z comprises an aliphatic cyclic moiety or aromatic moiety; and
R3 and R4 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl, optionally including a heteroatom, or
7. The hardenable composition of claim 6 wherein R1 comprises no greater than 12 carbon atoms.
8. The hardenable dental composition of claim 6 wherein the monomer is a mono(meth)acrylate.
9. The hardenable dental composition of claim 8 wherein the dental composition further comprises a di(meth)acrylate isocyanurate monomer or tri(meth)acrylate isocyanurate monomer.
10. The hardenable dental composition of claim 8 wherein the dental composition further comprises a multi(meth)acrylate monomer that is not an isocyanurate monomer.
11. The hardenable dental composition of claim 6 wherein the monomer is a di(meth)acrylate or tri(meth)acrylate.
12. The hardenable dental composition of claim 11 wherein the monomer has the general structure
wherein
R1, R5, and R6 are independently alkylene, arylene, or alkarylene, optionally including a heteroatom;
R2 is hydrogen or methyl;
X, Y, and Z are independently an alkylene, arylene, or alkarylene linking group comprising one or more moieties selected from ester, thioester, ether, thioether, and combinations of said moieties and at least one of X, Y and Z comprises an aliphatic cyclic moiety or aromatic moiety.
13. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the divalent linking group comprises an ester or thioester linkage.
14. The hardenable dental composition of claim 13 wherein the divalent linking group comprises an aliphatic or aromatic diester linkage.
15. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the composition further comprises at least one filler comprising inorganic nanoparticles.
16. The hardenable dental composition of claim 15 wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are in the form of nanoclusters.
17. The hardenable dental composition of claim 15 wherein the inorganic nanoparticles comprise silica, zirconia, or mixtures thereof.
18. The hardenable dental composition of claim 15 wherein the isocyanurate monomer is a di(meth)acrylate or tri(meth)acrylate.
19. The hardenable dental composition of claim 18 wherein the composition further comprises a low volume shrinkage monomer selected from i) polymerizable compounds having at least one cyclic allylic sulfide moiety, ii) methylene dithiepane silanes, iii) oxetane silanes, or mixtures thereof.
20. The hardenable dental composition of claim 1 wherein the dental composition comprises at least one (meth)acrylate monomer selected from ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (BisEMA6), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), bisphenol A diglycidyl dimethacrylate (bisGMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethlyene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), glycerol dimethacrylate (GDMA), ethylenegylcol dimethacrylate, neopentylglycol dimethacrylate (NPGDMA), polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMMA), and mixtures thereof.
21. A dental article comprising the hardenable dental composition of claim 15 at least partially hardened.
22. The hardenable dental composition of claim 15 wherein the hardened composition exhibits a Watts Shrinkage of less than about 2%.
23. The hardenable dental composition of claim 15 wherein the hardened composition exhibits Diametral Tensile Strength is at least 75 MPa.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A mobile communication device having a plurality of communication systems supporting different frequency bands, comprising:
an antenna;
a transmitter for each of the plurality of communication systems;
a receiver for each of the plurality of communication systems;
a diplexer transmitting transmission signals from the plurality of communication systems to said antenna, and distributing reception signals received via said antenna to the plurality of communication systems;
a high-frequency switch for each of the plurality of communication systems, arranged to switch the signals between said transmitter and said receiver; and
a directional coupler extracting portions of the transmission signals, and sending the results to an automatic gain control circuit, said directional coupler being disposed between said antenna and said diplexer.
2. A high-frequency composite unit used in a mobile communication device according to claim 1, said high-frequency composite unit including a microwave circuit carrying the plurality of communication systems, wherein said high-frequency composite unit is defined by a multilayer substrate including a laminated body including a plurality of dielectric layers, the multilayer substrate having said diplexer, said high-frequency switches, and said directional coupler.
3. A high-frequency composite unit according to claim 2, wherein said diplexer includes an inductance element and a capacitance element, said high-frequency switch includes a switching element, an inductance element, and a capacitance element, and said directional coupler includes a primary line and a secondary line, the multilayer substrate includes the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line, and the multilayer substrate includes a connector connecting the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line.
4. A mobile communication device according to claim 1, further comprising high-frequency filters, said high-frequency filters being arranged subsequent to said high-frequency switches and being connected to said receivers.
5. A high-frequency composite unit used in a mobile communication device according to claim 4, said high-frequency composite unit including a microwave circuit carrying the plurality of communication systems, wherein said high-frequency composite unit includes a multilayer substrate having a laminated body defined by a plurality of dielectric layers, the multilayer substrate having said diplexer, said high-frequency switches, and said directional coupler.
6. A high-frequency composite unit according to claim 5, wherein said diplexer includes an inductance element and a capacitance element, said high-frequency switch includes a switching element, an inductance element, and a capacitance element, and said directional coupler includes a primary line and a secondary line, the multilayer substrate includes the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line, andthe multilayer substrate further includes a connector connecting the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line.
7. A mobile communication device according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of communication systems include DCS and GSM systems.
8. A mobile communication device according to claim 1, wherein a notch filter is provided between said transmitters and said high-frequency switches.
9. A mobile communication device according to claim 1, wherein said directional coupler includes a port.
10. A mobile communication device according to claim 1, wherein said diplexer includes inductance elements and capacitors.
11. A dual-band cellular phone device having two communication systems supporting different frequency bands, comprising:
an antenna;
a transmitter for each of the two communication systems;
a receiver for each of the two communication systems;
a diplexer transmitting transmission signals from the two communication systems to said antenna, and distributing reception signals received via said antenna to the two communication systems;
a high-frequency switch for each of the two communication systems, arranged to switch the signals between said transmitter and said receiver; and
a directional coupler extracting portions of the transmission signals, and sending the results to an automatic gain control circuit, said directional coupler being disposed between said antenna and said diplexer.
12. A high-frequency composite unit used in a dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, said high-frequency composite unit including a microwave circuit carrying the two communication systems, wherein said high-frequency composite unit is defined by a multilayer substrate including a laminated body having a plurality of dielectric layers, the multilayer substrate having said diplexer, said high-frequency switches, and said directional coupler.
13. A high-frequency composite unit according to claim 12, wherein said diplexer includes an inductance element and a capacitance element, said high-frequency switch includes a switching element, an inductance element, and a capacitance element, and said directional coupler includes a primary line and a secondary line, the multilayer substrate includes the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line, and the multilayer substrate further includes a connector connecting the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line.
14. A dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, further comprising high-frequency filters, said high-frequency filters being arranged subsequent to said high-frequency switches and being connected to said receivers.
15. A high-frequency composite unit used in a dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 14, said high-frequency composite unit including a microwave circuit carrying the two communication systems, wherein said high-frequency composite unit includes a multilayer substrate having a laminated body defined by a plurality of dielectric layers, the multilayer substrate having said diplexer, said high-frequency switches, and said directional coupler.
16. A high-frequency composite unit according to claim 15, wherein said diplexer includes an inductance element and a capacitance element, said high-frequency switch includes a switching element, an inductance element, and a capacitance element, and said directional coupler includes a primary line and a secondary line, the multilayer substrate includes the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line, and the multilayer substrate further includes a connector connecting the switching element, the inductance element, the capacitance element, the primary line, and the secondary line.
17. A dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, wherein said two communication systems include DCS and GSM systems.
18. A dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, wherein a notch filter is provided between said transmitters and said high-frequency switches.
19. A dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, wherein said directional coupler includes a port.
20. A dual-band cellular phone device according to claim 11, wherein said diplexer includes inductance elements and capacitors.