1. An engine system comprising:
a) an intake system through which charge air enters combustion chambers to support combustion of fuel for running the engine;
b) an exhaust system, including one or more exhaust gas treatment devices, through which products of combustion pass from the combustion chambers to the surrounding atmosphere;
c) a turbocharger having a turbine disposed in the exhaust system and a compressor disposed in the intake system;
d) a throttle valve disposed in the exhaust system downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine for controlling engine back-pressure;
e) an EGR flow path for recirculating exhaust gas from the exhaust system to the intake system, including an EGR valve for controlling flow through the EGR flow path, wherein the EGR flow path has a pierce point to the exhaust system upstream of the throttle valve and downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine; and
f) wherein EGR flow path has a pierce point to the intake system upstream of the compressor.
2. An engine system as set forth in claim 1 in which the exhaust system further comprises a muffler, and the throttle valve is disposed upstream of the muffler in the exhaust system.
3. An engine system as set forth in claim 1 in which one of the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices comprises a catalyzed diesel particulate filter.
4. An engine system as set forth in claim 1 further including an EGR cooler disposed in the EGR flow path between the EGR valve and the pierce point to the intake system.
5. An engine system as set forth in claim 1 in which the throttle valve and the EGR valve are embodied in a device assembled as a unit into the exhaust system downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine and upstream of a muffler of the exhaust system.
6. An engine system as set forth in claim 1 in which the throttle valve and the EGR valve are under control of an engine control system via respective actuators for selectively restricting the respective valves to attain desired EGR flow through the EGR flow path.
7. A motor vehicle comprising:
a) an internal combustion engine for propelling the vehicle, including an intake system through which charge air enters combustion chambers to support combustion of fuel for running the engine and an exhaust system, including one or more exhaust gas treatment devices, through which products of combustion pass from the combustion chambers to the surrounding atmosphere;
b) a turbocharger having a turbine disposed in the exhaust system and a compressor disposed in the intake system;
c) a throttle valve disposed in the exhaust system downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine for controlling engine back-pressure; and
c) an EGR flow path for recirculating exhaust gas from the exhaust system to the intake system, including an EGR valve for controlling flow through the EGR flow path, wherein the EGR flow path has a pierce point to the exhaust system upstream of the throttle valve and downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine, and a pierce point to the intake system that is upstream of the compressor.
8. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 in which the exhaust system further comprises a muffler, and the throttle valve is disposed upstream of the muffler in the exhaust system.
9. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 in which one of the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices comprises a catalyzed diesel particulate filter.
10. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 further including an EGR cooler disposed in the EGR flow path between the EGR valve and the pierce point to the intake system.
11. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 in which the throttle valve and the EGR valve are embodied in a device assembled as a unit into the exhaust system downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine and upstream of a muffler of the exhaust system.
12. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 in which the throttle valve and the EGR valve are under control of an engine control system via respective actuators for selectively restricting the respective valves to attain desired EGR flow through the EGR flow path.
13. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 7 in which the vehicle has an engine compartment at the front of the vehicle and an undercarriage extending rearward from the engine compartment, the engine is disposed in the engine compartment, and the throttle valve is placed in the undercarriage outside and rearward of the engine compartment.
14. A motor vehicle as set forth in claim 13 in which the throttle valve and the EGR valve are embodied in a device assembled into the vehicle as a unit placed in the undercarriage outside and rearward of the engine compartment.
15. A method for low-pressure EGR control in a motor vehicle internal combustion engine having a turbocharger, the method comprising:
a) controlling engine back-pressure by selectively restricting a throttle valve disposed in an exhaust system of the engine downstream of both one or more exhaust gas treatment devices in the exhaust system and a turbine of the turbocharger in the exhaust system;
b) controlling, in conjunction with control of engine back-pressure, EGR flow to an intake system of the engine through an EGR flow path having a pierce point to the exhaust system upstream of the throttle valve and downstream of both the one or more exhaust gas treatment devices and the turbine and a pierce point to the intake system upstream of a compressor of the turbocharger in the intake system by selectively restricting an EGR valve in the EGR flow path to achieve desired EGR flow.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A purified and isolated 528 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20 and M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and by having general cytostatic but not cytotoxic activity.
2. A purified and isolated 524 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20 and M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and by having general cytostatic but not cytotoxic activity.
3. A protein of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the cytostatic activity is on immune cells.
4. A purified and isolated 528 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and the inhibition or reduction of an inflammatory response.
5. A purified and isolated 524 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and the inhibition or reduction of an inflammatory response.
6. A purified and isolated 528 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and the inhibition or reduction of IL-1 associated effects.
7. A purified and isolated 524 kD molecular weight protein, free of the cell line M20-2, said protein being characterized by a pI of 4.1 and the inhibition or reduction of IL-1 associated effects.
8. A protein of claim 6 or claim 7, wherein one of the IL-1 associated effects is an inflammatory response.
9. A therapeutic composition comprising an anti-inflammatory-effective amount of the protein of claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
10. A method of inhibition or reduction of an inflammatory response which comprises administering to an individual in need of such treatment an effective amount of the protein of claim 1.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the amount is about 0.0001-1.0 g per kg of body weight.
12. A substantially pure protein free of major contaminants as shown by the presence of one band in SDS-PAGE, the protein having general cytostatic but not cytotoxic activity and the same amino acid sequence and isoelectric point as the cytostatic factor protein with an isoelectric point of 4.10.2 obtained from M20-2 cells, and active fragments thereof.
13. A protein of claim 12, wherein the molecular weight is 548.
14. A protein of claim 12, wherein the molecular weight is 544.