What is claimed is:
1. A circuit structure including a driver circuit and a powerground line structure in a chip, wherein:
said powerground line is connected to a capacitance element having a predetermined capacitance as an power-ground connection circuit so as to be adjacent to said driver circuit.
2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein:
said predetermined capacitance is larger than a parasitic capacitance of said driver circuit.
3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein:
said capacitance element is connected to said driver circuit so as to be complementary to the capacitance element of said driver circuit in operation.
4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein:
said predetermined capacitance is equivalent to or larger than at least stored charges of the driver circuit or total parasitic capacitance of the circuit structure.
5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein:
said capacitance element comprises at least one of pn diffusion capacitor and electrode capacitor.
6. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising:
a configuration in which a unit circuit including a transistor is connected to said powerground line in a chip,
wherein characteristic impedance of said powerground line is lower than characteristic impedance of a signal transmission line for sending a signal through said driver circuit.
7. A semiconductor integrated circuit, comprising:
a unit circuit group which includes a plurality of unit circuits having transistors in a chip, and
a powerground wiring portion which supplies power to the unit circuit group and which is arranged in the chip,
wherein said powerground wiring portion has a capacitance adjustment portion in a position just before a branch of the unit circuit group.
8. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein:
said capacitance adjustment portion is a wiring portion configured such that the capacitance is larger than that of the unit circuit group.
9. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 7, wherein:
said powerground wiring portion has at least one bypass capacitor.
10. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 9, wherein:
said bypass capacitor of said powerground wiring portion is not larger than (receiving end gate capacitanceits wiring capacitance)(the number of units).
11. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 9, wherein:
when a single bypass capacitor is embedded in the unit circuit group, capacitance CP thereof is expressed by the following on condition that N is the number of units:
CPaN(receiving end gate capacitancewiring capacitance thereof))
where a is a coefficient equivalent to an execution access determined on the ground that simultaneous access is not performed and a <1.
12. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 11, wherein:
the capacitance CP of said bypass capacitor is expressed by the following on condition that the receiving end gate capacitance is b fF and the wiring capacitance is c fF:
CTaN(bc)fF
where the case of N1 is included.
13. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 11, wherein:
each of the units forming said unit circuit group is a memory including a plurality of storage memory cells.
14. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 13, wherein:
the capacitance CP of said bypass capacitor is larger than a cell capacitance of each memory cell.
15. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 14, wherein:
the number of units N is within a range of 1 to 10.
16. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 15, wherein:
the capacitance CP of said bypass capacitor is selected so as to be several times larger than the cell capacitance of each memory cell.
17. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 14, wherein:
said bypass capacitor is arranged for every unit circuit or as many bypass capacitors as 1(the number of said unit circuits) are arranged in a chip.
18. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 11, wherein:
fine connection pads are arranged on the whole area of the chip and are drawn out as powerground pads alternately,
while said bypass capacitor comprises capacitor groups made of the same semiconductor material in a bumpless flip chip connection and the capacitor groups are connected to said powerground pads.
19. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 18, wherein;
said fine connection pads are arranged in two lines around the chip and the pads form signal and ground pair pads.
20. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 18, wherein:
the bumpless flip chip connection pitch is 10 m or smaller.
21. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 20, wherein:
said bumpless flip chips are arranged on almost whole area of the chip.
22. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 18, wherein:
said pad has a signal pad connected to external wiring and to a driver circuit connected thereto for driving a load of a receiver of another chip, and
the bypass capacitor connecting to the driver circuit connected through the signal pad is larger than the internal circuit capacitor.
23. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 22, wherein:
said bypass capacitor is arranged in any one of a free space around the chip, a capacitor substrate, and an outer region of the signal pad.
24. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 22, wherein:
said signal pad is not arranged in the central portion of the chip.
25. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 18, wherein:
said capacitor is formed on a capacitor substrate made of different material from that of the chip.
26. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 25, wherein:
said capacitor substrate is any one of an SOI capacitor substrate, a capacitor embedded ceramic substrate having almost the same area as for the intra-chip capacitor, and a capacitor embedded plastic thin-film wiring substrate.
27. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 26, wherein:
said capacitor is formed as a larger capacitor by decreasing a degree of division.
28. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 27, wherein:
said each capacitor is provided with more taking-out electrodes than the capacitors.
29. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 27, wherein:
a direct current resistor is inserted just before an output transistor in order to reduce instant spike current due to a parasitic capacitance charge caused by a depletion layer of the output transistor.
30. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 29, wherein:
the total of powerground characteristic impedance and series resistance is equal to or smaller than signal line characteristic impedance.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A focal plane shutter for cameras provided with one or two shutter blade units opening and closing an exposure aperture, one or two shutter blade unit-driving units which include driving pins connected to the shutter blade units respectively, which are rotatably fitted to a shutter base plate, and which rotate in a reciprocating manner to make the shutter blade units open and close the exposure aperture respectively, one or two driving springs one end part of each of which is connected with a spring-connection part of a shutter blade unit-driving unit, each of which is tensed by rotating the shutter blade unit-driving unit in one direction in the cocking operation, and each of which rotates the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the other direction through the elastic force of the driving spring in shooting, and a braking mechanism which is provided for the one shutter blade unit-driving unit or at least one of the two shutter blade unit-driving units and which brakes the rotation of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the other direction at the stage just before the completion of the rotation, wherein
the braking mechanism is provided with a brake member which has a first part to be pushed, a second part to be pushed, and a third part to be pushed, which is rotatably fitted to a fitting shaft erectly provided on the shutter base plate, which is in its initial position in which the first part is located in the trajectory of the operation of the driving pin in the cocked state, which is rotated from its initial position by the driving pin pushing the first part while force against the rotation of the brake member from its initial position is applied to the brake member by pushing the end part of the driving spring as a result of the contact between the second part and the one end part of the driving spring at the final stage of the rotation of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the other direction, and which is released from the press of the first part due to the driving pin and from the press of the second part due to the end part of the driving spring in the cocking operation, and a friction-providing means which includes at least one plate spring, which is fitted to the fitting shaft, and by which friction resistant force is applied to the rotation of the brake member, and
the brake member is adapted to be returned to its initial position through the third part by being pushed by the driving pin or a pushing part provided for the driving unit in the cocking operation.
2. A focal plane shutter for cameras provided with one or two shutter blade units opening and closing an exposure aperture, one or two shutter blade unit-driving units which have driving pins connected to the shutter blade units respectively, which are rotatably fitted to a shutter base plate, and which rotate in a reciprocating manner to make the shutter blade units open and close the exposure aperture, one or two driving springs one end part of each of which is connected with the driving unit, each of which is tensed by rotating the driving unit in one direction in the cocking operation, and each of which rotates the driving unit in the other direction through the elastic force of the driving spring in shooting, and a braking mechanism which is provided for the one driving unit or at least one of the two driving units and which brakes the rotation of the driving unit in the other direction at the stage just before the completion of the rotation, wherein
the braking mechanism is provided with a brake member which has a first part to be pushed and a second part to be pushed, which is rotatably fitted to a fitting shaft erectly provided on the shutter base plate, which is in its initial position in which the first part is located in the trajectory of the movement of the driving pin in the cocked state, which is rotated from its initial position by the driving pin pressing the first part while force against the rotation from its initial position is applied to the brake member by pressing the one end part of the driving spring as a result of the contact between the second part and the end part of the driving spring at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in the other direction, and which is released from the push of the first part due to the driving pin and from the push of the second part due to the end part of the driving spring in the cocking operation; and a spring for the brake member which is connected with the brake member, which is tensed when the brake member is rotated from its initial position, and the elastic force of which makes the brake member return to its initial position when the brake member is released from the press of the first part due to the driving pin.
3. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 1, wherein the one or two springs for the brake member are coil springs.
4. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 2, wherein a friction-providing means which includes at least one plate spring and by which friction resistant force is applied to the rotation of the brake member is fitted to the fitting shaft.
5. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 1, wherein
an auxiliary brake member including a first part to be pushed and a second part to be pushed is rotatably fitted to the fitting shaft, and
the auxiliary brake member is formed in such a way that friction resistant force is applied to the auxiliary brake member together with the brake member by the friction-providing means, the auxiliary brake member is in its initial position in which the first part is located in the trajectory of the movement of the driving pin of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the cocked state, the auxiliary brake member is rotated by the driving pin pressing the first part at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting, and the auxiliary brake member is returned to its initial position by pushing the second part through the driving pin or a pressing part provided for the driving unit, in the cocking operation.
6. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary brake member which has a part to be pushed, which is rotatably fitted to the fitting shaft, the rotation of which, together with the rotation of the brake member, is given friction resistant force by the friction-providing means, which is in its initial position in which the part to be pushed is located in the trajectory of the movement of the driving pin of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the cocking state, and which is rotated by the driving pin pushing the part to be pushed at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting; and a spring for the auxiliary brake member which is connected with the auxiliary brake member, which is tensed when the auxiliary brake member is rotated from its initial position, and the elastic force of which makes the auxiliary brake member return to its initial position when the auxiliary brake member is released from the push of the part to be pushed due to the driving pin.
7. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 6, wherein the springs for the brake member and for the auxiliary brake member consist of one coil spring which is wound around the fitting shaft, one end part of the coil spring is connected with the brake member and the other end part of the coil spring is connected with the auxiliary brake member, the brake member and the auxiliary brake member are pressed by the driving pin at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting and are rotated from respective their initial positions against the elastic force of the one coil spring in the directions opposite to each other, and the brake member and the auxiliary brake member are returned to respective their initial positions by the elastic force of the one coil spring in the cocking operation.
8. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 1, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
9. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 4, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
10. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 5, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
11. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 6, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
12. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 7, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
13. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 2, wherein the one or two springs for the brake member are coil springs.
14. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 4, wherein
an auxiliary brake member including a first part to be pushed and a second part to be pushed is rotatably fitted to the fitting shaft, and
the auxiliary brake member is formed in such a way that friction resistant force is applied to the auxiliary brake member together with the brake member by the friction-providing means, the auxiliary brake member is in its initial position in which the first part is located in the trajectory of the movement of the driving pin of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the cocked state, the auxiliary brake member is rotated by the driving pin pressing the first part at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting, and the auxiliary brake member is returned to its initial position by pushing the second part through the driving pin or a pressing part provided for the driving unit, in the cocking operation.
15. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 2, further comprising an auxiliary brake member which has a part to be pushed, which is rotatably fitted to the fitting shaft, the rotation of which, together with the rotation of the brake member, is given friction resistant force by the friction-providing means, which is in its initial position in which the part to be pushed is located in the trajectory of the movement of the driving pin of the shutter blade unit-driving unit in the cocking state, and which is rotated by the driving pin pushing the part to be pushed at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting; and a spring for the auxiliary brake member which is connected with the auxiliary brake member, which is tensed when the auxiliary brake member is rotated from its initial position, and the elastic force of which makes the auxiliary brake member return to its initial position when the auxiliary brake member is released from the push of the part to be pushed due to the driving pin.
16. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 2, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
17. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 14, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
18. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 15, wherein the springs for the brake member and for the auxiliary brake member consist of one coil spring which is wound around the fitting shaft, one end part of the coil spring is connected with the brake member and the other end part of the coil spring is connected with the auxiliary brake member, the brake member and the auxiliary brake member are pressed by the driving pin at the final stage of the rotation of the driving unit in shooting and are rotated from respective their initial positions against the elastic force of the one coil spring in the directions opposite to each other, and the brake member and the auxiliary brake member are returned to respective their initial positions by the elastic force of the one coil spring in the cocking operation.
19. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 18, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.
20. A focal plane shutter for cameras according to claim 15, wherein one of the two driving units is composed of a first driving member and a second driving member which are rotatably fitted to the same shaft on the shutter base plate, the first driving member includes the driving pin, the one end part of the driving spring is connected with a spring-connection part of the second driving member, and the second driving member presses the first driving member with the elastic force of the driving spring and rotates the first driving member together with the second driving member in the other direction, in shooting.