What is claimed is:
1. A transmission housing, a modulatable power transmission clutch mounted within said housing and including interleaved clutch plates, said clutch having a central power transmitting shaft extending axially through said clutch mounted thereon, said clutch including a fluid operated movable piston for effecting clutch operation by compression of said plates, said piston having smaller and larger piston areas thereon, the smaller piston area being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, the larger piston area being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch;
and a spring loaded normally closed sequence valve mounted on the exterior of said transmission housing and accessible from the exterior thereof;
said sequence valve for controlling fluid flow to said larger piston area in response to fluid pressure above a predetermined amount at said smaller piston area, said valve being normally closed whereby pressure fluid is directed to said smaller piston area at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, and when said valve is open by said fluid pressure over a predetermined amount permits fluid flow to said larger piston area to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for full clutch capacity.
2. A power transmission housing, a marine transmission located in said housing and for variable speed control of a boat having a propeller for providing modulatable lower speed in both forward and reverse direction for maneuvering during docking of said boat to provide enhanced docking control and boat positioning;
said transmission providing seamless transition from modulation during which speed can be increased slightly to full clutch engagement and capacity for driving said propeller;
said transmission including a modulatable power transmission clutch including interleaved clutch plates, said clutch comprising a power transmitting shaft extending axially and centrally through said clutch mounted thereon, said clutch including a fluid operated movable piston for effecting clutch operation by compression of said plates, said piston having two separate fluid application piston areas of different areas thereon, one smaller of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable for said docking, the other larger of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for driving said propeller;
and a sequence valve for controlling fluid flow to said other larger of said piston areas in response to fluid pressure at said one smaller of said piston areas, said sequence valve being mounted on said transmission housing and at the exterior of said housing, said valve being spring loaded to a normally closed position in which pressure fluid is directed to said one smaller piston area at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, and when said valve means is open it permits fluid flow to said other larger of said piston area to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for full clutch capacity available to said propeller.
3. A power transmission housing, a power transmission in said housing and including a forward modulatable power transmission clutch and a rear modulatable power transmission clutch, said forward clutch connected in power receiving connection with a prime mover and in power delivering connection with load to be driven,
said rear clutch being connected in driven engagement with said forward clutch and engageable with said load to be driven for driving the latter in a reverse direction,
said forward and rear clutches each including clutch plates, a power transmitting shaft extending axially and centrally therethrough, said clutches each including a fluid operated movable piston for effecting clutch operation by compression of said plates, said piston having two separate fluid application piston areas of different areas thereon, one smaller of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, the other larger of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch;
and sequence valve means for controlling fluid flow to said other larger of said piston areas in response to fluid pressure above a predetermined amount at said one smaller of said piston areas, said sequence valve means being mounted on the exterior of said housing and accessible therefrom, said sequence valve means being spring loaded to a normally closed position in which pressure fluid is directed to said one smaller piston area at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, and when said valve means is open it permits fluid flow to said other larger of said piston area to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for full clutch capacity.
4. A power transmission housing, a marine transmission mounted in said housing for variable speed control of a boat having a propeller for providing modulatable lower speed in both forward and reverse direction for maneuvering during docking of said boat to provide enhanced docking control and boat positioning;
said transmission providing seamless transition from modulation during which speed can be increased slightly to full clutch engagement and capacity for driving said propeller;
said transmission including a forward modulatable power transmission clutch and a rear modulatable power transmission clutch, said forward clutch connected in power receiving connection with a prime mover and in power delivering connection with load to be driven,
said rear clutch being connected in driven engagement with said forward clutch and engageable with said load to be driven for driving the latter in a reverse direction,
said forward and rear clutches each including clutch plates, a power transmitting shaft extending axially and centrally therethrough, said clutches including a fluid operated movable piston for effecting clutch operation by compression of said plates, said piston having two separate fluid application piston areas of different areas thereon, one smaller of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable for said docking, the other larger of said piston areas being adapted to have fluid flow directed thereto to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for driving said propeller;
and for each of said forward and rear clutches,
a trigger valve for controlling fluid flow to said other larger of said piston areas in response to fluid pressure above a certain valve at said one smaller of said piston areas, a pressure fluid passage in said shaft for conducting pressure fluid to said smaller area and to said larger piston area, said trigger valve being located on an outer side of said transmission housing and easily accessible from the outside of said housing, said trigger valve being spring loaded to a normally closed position in which pressure fluid is directed to said one smaller piston area at a variable fluid pressure whereby said clutch is modulatable, said trigger valve when closed acting to block flow of fluid to said larger area below a predetermined pressure, and when said trigger valve is open acting to permit fluid flow above a predetermined pressure to said larger area of said piston to effect maximum and unmodulatable engagement of said clutch for full clutch capacity,
and an electronic control circuit for said transmission including a source of pressure fluid, a proportional valve connected to said source for delivering pressure fluid to said rear clutch, said source connected to another proportional valve for delivering pressure fluid to said forward clutch,
said circuit also including a control lever operatively connected with said proportional valves for selective operation thereof to effect forward or reverse operation of said boat.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A compound represented by the following formula IA:
wherein R1, R2, and R3, are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a haloalkoxy group, a hydroxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkoxy group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylidenemethyl group, a phenyl group, a phenylalkoxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a mono- or di-alkylamino group, an alkanoylamino group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a mono- or di-alkylcarbamoyl group, an alkanoyl group, an alkylsulfonylamino group, a phenylsulfonylamino group, an alkylsulfinyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or a phenylsulfonyl group;
R4 and R5 are independently a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; a hydroxyl group; an alkoxy group; an alkyl group; a haloalkyl group; a haloalkoxy group; a hydroxyalkyl group; an alkoxyalkyl group; a phenylalkyl group; an alkoxyalkoxy group; a hydroxyalkoxy group; an alkenyl group; an alkynyl group; a cycloalkyl group; a cycloalkylidenemethyl group; a phenyloxy group; a phenylalkoxy group; a cyano group; a nitro group; an amino group; a mono- or di-alkylamino group; an alkanoylamino group; a carboxyl group; an alkoxycarbonyl group; a carbamoyl group; a mono- or di-alkylcarbamoyl group; an alkanoyl group; an alkylsulfonylamino group; a phenylsulfonylamino group; an alkylsulfinyl group; an alkylsulfonyl group; a phenylsulfonyl group; a phenyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a haloalkoxy group, an alkylenedioxy group, an alkyleneoxy group, or a mono- or di-alkylamino group; or a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a haloalkoxy group, or R4 and R5 are combined with each other at the terminals thereof to form an alkylene group; and
R is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkanoyl group or a lower alkoxycarbonyl group,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The compound, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxy-lower alkyl group, a halo-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a halo-lower alkoxy group, or a lower alkoxy-lower alkoxy group;
R4 and R5 are independently a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; a lower alkyl group; a halo-lower alkyl group; a phenyl-lower alkyl group; a phenyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkyl group, a halo-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a methylenedioxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, or a mono- or di-lower alkylamino group; or a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom, or a lower alkyl group, or R4 and R5 are combined with each other at the terminals thereof to form an alkylene group.
3. The compound, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein R1 is a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a lower alkoxy group, R2 and R3 are a hydrogen atom, R4 is a halogen atom; a lower alkyl group; a lower alkoxy group; a phenyl group optionally substituted by a substituent selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a cyano group, a lower alkyl group, a halo-lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, and a mono- or di-lower alkylamino group; or a heterocyclyl group optionally substituted by a halogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R5 is a hydrogen atom.
4. The compound, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein the heterocyclyl group is a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a quinolyl group, or a tetrazolyl group.
5. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises the compound, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as set forth in claim 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
6. A method for treating or delaying the progression or onset of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, delayed wound healing, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, elevated blood levels of fatty acids, elevated blood levels of glycerol, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, Syndrome X, diabetic complications, atherosclerosis or hypertension, which comprises administering to a mammalian species in need of treatment a therapeutically effective amount of the compound, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as set forth in claim 1.
7. A process for preparing a compound of formula IA:
wherein the symbols are the same as defined in claim 1,
which comprises condensing a compound of formula:
wherein the symbols are the same as defined above, and a compound of formula II: