1. An apparatus comprising:
an air bearing disposed between a data storage media and an air bearing surface (ABS);
a free layer with a first areal extent that is sensitive to a magnetic field, the first areal extent corresponding to a first stripe height as measured from and along an axis orthogonal to the ABS, the free layer biased to a default magnetization by a contactingly adjacent cap layer; and
a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) layer with a second areal extent corresponding to a second stripe height as measured from and along an axis orthogonal to the ABS, the second areal extent being greater than the first areal extent.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the SAF is programmed to a hard magnetization direction that is maintained by shape anisotropy in response to encountering a magnetization field below a predetermined threshold.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the SAF comprises a reference layer and a balancing layer each in contacting engagement with a coupling layer disposed therebetween.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the balancing layer has a first magnetization orientation and the reference layer has a second magnetization orientation that is opposite of the first magnetization orientation.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein reference and balancing layers each have non-uniform micromagnetic structures that comprise a plurality of differing magnetization orientations.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cap layer comprises a permanent magnet that sets the default magnetization in the free layer.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cap layer is configured in an abutted junction about the free layer to maintain the default magnetization until an external magnetization field from an encountered magnetic data bit.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second areal extent is at least 1.5 times longer than the first areal extent.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the free layer is bi-stable and can permanently store a magnetization as non-volatile memory.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the free layer and SAF layer are disposed between a first and second magnetic shield layer.
11. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the SAF layer has an easy magnetization direction that is sensitive to magnetic fields from an encountered magnetic data bit.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the free layer comprises at least a CoFe based alloy and the SAF comprises at least a plurality of CoFe based alloys.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein neither the free layer nor the SAF layer are in contacting engagement with an antiferromagnetic layer.
14. A method comprising:
masking a first areal extent of a magnetically sensitive free layer and coupled with a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) layer, the free layer biased to a default magnetization by a contactingly adjacent cap layer having the first areal extent, the first areal extent corresponding to a first stripe height as measured from and along an axis orthogonal to an air bearing surface (ABS), the ABS separated from a data storage media by an air bearing;
etching an unmasked portion of the free layer and SAF layer so that the SAF layer has the first areal extent;
masking a second areal extent of the free layer corresponding to a second stripe height as measured from and along an axis orthogonal to the ABS; and
etching a second unmasked portion of the free layer so that the free layer has the second areal extent and the first areal extent is greater than the second areal extent.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the programming at least a portion of the SAF layer to a hard magnetization direction that is maintained by shape anisotropy in response to encountering a magnetization field below a predetermined threshold.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the SAF layer has a zero net magnetization and a plurality of layers that have opposing magnetizations.
17. The method of claim 14, wherein the SAF layer has a balancing layer and a reference layer, one of which is programmed to a hard direction while the other is programmed to an easy magnetization direction.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the masking of the first and second areal extents are respectively removed after each etching step.
19. A magnetic sensor comprising:
an air bearing disposed between a data storage medium and an air bearing surface (ABS);
a free layer in perpendicular orientation with the data storage medium comprising a first stripe height that extends normal to the data storage medium a first distance, the free layer biased to a default magnetization by a contactingly adjacent cap layer configured with the first stripe height and of a spin-tunneling material;
a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) layer adjacent the free layer with a second stripe height that extends normal to the data storage medium a second distance that is greater than the first distance; and
an operational extent between a first shield and a second shield, the operational extent being less than or equal to 20 nm.
20. The magnetic sensor of claim 19, wherein the first height is equal to 50 nm and the second height is greater than or equal to 75 nm.
21. A stack comprising a magnetically free layer with a first areal extent coupled with a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) layer with a second areal extent that is greater than the first areal extent.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system for remote control of locomotives, comprising:
a single time division multiple access network;
at least one locomotive equipped so as to be operatively controlled by a locomotive control unit suitable for transmitting and receiving information via the network;
at least two operator control units suitable for transmitting and receiving information via the network; and
said network employing both spatial and frequency diversity for remote control, wherein the network comprises a centralized coordination mode comprising a repeater infrastructure along with a distributed coordination mode wherein the locomotive control unit communicates directly with the operator control units, wherein the repeater infrastructure communicates coverage area and defines periods of time for communication by the at least one locomotive control unit and the at least two operator control units;
wherein the at least one locomotive control unit and the at least two operator control units use the centralized coordination mode simultaneously with the distributed coordination mode; and
wherein the locomotive control unit and operator control unit device will only transmit in a respective defined period of time.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one operator control unit is mobile.
3. The system of claim 1, further comprising an inter-access point protocol for an off-channel backhaul link, where the message is stored, to control the communication with the repeater coordination server.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the operator control unit comprises:
a controller;
a radio having an antenna;
a display;
a brake lever;
a throttle lever; and
wherein said controller generates signals that are transmitted, via the radio, to the locomotive control unit.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein
the distributed communication mode uses an uncorrelated time sequence that does not interfere with said time division multiple access network.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the repeater infrastructure comprises a plurality of repeaters and a repeater coordination server to coordinate the communications of the plurality of repeaters and to optimize a communication path between any locomotive control unit and any operator control unit.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the at least one repeater calculates a received signal strength indication for each signal the at least one repeater receives from a locomotive control unit and an operator control unit and sends the signal and the received signal strength indication to the repeater coordination server, and wherein the communication path is optimized by selecting the repeater with the largest received signal strength indication for each of the locomotive control unit and the operator control unit to transmit messages bound for the respective unit.