1. An energy pathway arrangement, comprising:
a plurality of superposed and conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein said plurality includes at least a first, a second and a third superposed energy pathway;
at least a first and a second energy pathway of substantially similar size and shape;
wherein said first energy pathway is at least partially shielded and sandwiched by the first and the second superposed energy pathway, and wherein said second energy pathway is at least partially shielded and sandwiched by the second and the third superposed energy pathway;
wherein said first and said second energy pathways each have at least a corresponding, face to face area, wherein each of the face to face areas comprises a first surface area, and wherein said first and said second energy pathways each have at least a corresponding, non-face to face area, wherein each of the non-face to face areas comprises a second surface area; and
wherein each first surface area is proportional to each second surface area.
2. An energy pathway arrangement, comprising:
a first energy pathway;
a second energy pathway;
a first superposed energy pathway;
a second superposed energy pathway;
a third superposed energy pathway;
wherein said first energy pathway is located in between said first superposed energy pathway and said second superposed energy pathway;
wherein said second energy pathway is located in between said second superposed energy pathway and said third superposed energy pathway;
wherein said first energy pathway consists essentially of a first face to face area and a first non-face to face area; and
wherein said second energy pathway consists essentially of a second face to face area and a second non-face to face area;
wherein said first face to face area and said second face to face area are equal in size to each other and completely overlap with each other.
3. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said first energy pathway and said second energy pathway are substantially of the same size and shape.
4. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said first non-face to face area and said second non-face to face area do not overlap with each other.
5. The arrangement of claim 4, wherein said first non-face to face area and said second non-face to face area are substantially of the same size.
6. The arrangement of claim 5, wherein said first face-to face area and said second face to face area are greater in size that said first non-face to face area and said second non-face to face area.
7. The arrangement of claim 5, wherein said first face-to face area and said second face to face area are approximately equal in size that said first non-face to face area and said second non-face to face area.
8. The arrangement of claim 5, wherein said first face-to face area and said second face to face area are smaller in size that said first non-face to face area and said second non-face to face area.
9. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said energy pathway arrangement is a stacked energy pathway arrangement.
10. The energy arrangement of claim 2, wherein said energy pathway arrangement defines a central superposed energy pathway; and
wherein said second superposed energy pathway is said central superposed energy pathway.
11. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises a dielectric support material, said dielectric support material, comprising a plurality of portions; and
wherein said plurality of portions supports at least said first energy pathway and said second energy pathway.
12. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said first energy pathway and said second energy pathway comprise at least a first electrode and a second electrode.
13. The arrangement of claim 12, wherein any one superposed energy pathway of said plurality of superposed energy pathways is a shielding electrode.
14. The arrangement of claim 12, wherein at least one of said first electrode and said second electrode comprises a split-electrode.
15. The arrangement of claim 14, wherein each one of said first electrode and said second electrode comprises a split-electrode.
16. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises at least two outer shielding energy pathways.
17. An energy pathway arrangement comprising:
a first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
a second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
a third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said third plurality of superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein superposed energy pathways of said second plurality of superposed energy pathways are of substantially the same size and shape as one another;
wherein superposed energy pathways of said third plurality of superposed energy pathways are of substantially the same size and shape as one another; and
wherein any one superposed energy pathway of said first plurality of superposed energy pathways is larger than either (1) any one superposed energy pathway of said second plurality of superposed energy pathways or (2) any one superposed energy pathway of said third plurality of superposed energy pathways.
18. The arrangement of claim 17, wherein the number of energy pathways in said first plurality of superposed energy pathways is an odd integer; and
wherein the total number of energy pathways in said second plurality of superposed energy pathways and said third plurality of superposed energy pathways sums to an even integer.
19. The arrangement of claim 17, wherein at least one superposed energy pathway of said first plurality of superposed energy pathways at least partially shields at least one superposed energy pathway of said second plurality of superposed energy pathways from at least one superposed energy pathway of said third plurality of superposed energy pathways.
20. The arrangement of claims 17, wherein said energy pathway arrangement is a stacked energy pathway arrangement.
21. The arrangement of claim 17, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises a support material, said support material comprising a plurality of portions and
wherein said plurality of portions supports at least one superposed pathway of said first plurality of superposed energy pathways, said second plurality of superposed energy pathways, or said third plurality of superposed energy pathways.
22. The arrangement of claim 17, further comprising a support material, wherein said support material is located such that said support material substantially isolates at least one plurality of superposed energy pathways selected from said first plurality of superposed energy pathways, said second plurality of superposed energy pathways, and said third plurality of superposed energy pathways from at least one other plurality of superposed energy pathways selected from said first plurality of superposed energy pathways, said second plurality of superposed energy pathways, and said third plurality of superposed energy pathways.
23. The arrangement of claim 17, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises at least a material selected from a group consisting of insulator materials, semi-insulator materials, dielectric materials, inductive material, ferromagnetic materials, ferrite materials, shale materials, metal oxide materials, varistor materials, chemically doped materials, semi-conductive materials, and combinations thereof.
24. The arrangement of claim 22, wherein said support material comprises a resin material.
25. The arrangement of claim 22, wherein said support material comprises a ferrite material.
26. The arrangement of claim 22, wherein said support material comprises a dielectric material.
27. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said first plurality of superposed energy pathways defines a central energy pathway; and
wherein said second plurality of superposed energy pathways is positioned within said energy pathway arrangement substantially symmetrically and opposite in orientation to said third plurality of superposed energy pathways, relative to said central energy pathway.
28. A circuit comprising the energy pathway arrangement of claim 17, and further comprising
an energy source;
an energy-utilizing load; and
wherein said energy pathway arrangement maintains voltage balance between an energy source and an energy-utilizing load, relative to a common voltage reference.
29. The circuit of claim 28, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises:
a neutral conductor;
a positive conductor; and
and a negative conductor;
wherein said neutral conductor is conductively coupled to said first plurality of superposed energy pathways by at least a first conductive material portion;
wherein said positive conductor is conductively coupled to said second plurality of superposed energy pathways by at least a second conductive material portion; and
wherein said negative conductor is conductively coupled to said third plurality of superposed energy pathways by at least a third conductive material portion.
30. The circuit of claim 29, wherein said first conductive material portion is not superposed to the at least said second conductive material portion.
31. The circuit of claim 29, wherein said second conductive material portion is not superposed to the at least said third conductive material portion.
32. The circuit of claim 29, wherein said first conductive material portion is not superposed to the at least said third conductive material portion.
33. The arrangement of claim 2, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises at least two outer shielding energy pathways.
34. The arrangement of claim 17, wherein said energy pathway arrangement further comprises at least two outer shielding energy pathways.
35. A method of using said arrangement of claim 2 comprising connecting said energy pathway arrangement in a capacitive network.
36. A method of using said arrangement of claim 17 comprising connecting said energy pathway arrangement in a capacitive network.
37. A method of using said arrangement of claim 2 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a voltage divider.
38. A method of using said arrangement of claim 17 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a voltage divider.
39. A method of using said arrangement of claim 2 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as an energy conditioner.
40. A method of using said arrangement of claim 17 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as an energy conditioner.
41. A method of using said arrangement of claim 2 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a capacitor.
42. A method of using said arrangement of claim 17 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a capacitor.
43. A method of using said arrangement of claim 2 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a bypass capacitor.
44. A method of using said arrangement of claim 17 comprising operating said energy pathway arrangement as a bypass capacitor.
45. An energy pathway arrangement, comprising:
a first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways;
a second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways; and
a third plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein all energy pathways of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are of substantially equal size and shape with each other;
wherein all energy pathways of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are of substantially equal size and shape with each other;
wherein all energy pathways of said third plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are of substantially equal size and shape with each other;
wherein each energy pathway of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways is substantially parallel to each other energy pathway of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein all energy pathways of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are substantially parallel to each other;
wherein all energy pathway of said third plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are substantially parallel to each other;
wherein at least one energy pathway of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises at least a first non superposed area defined as the area of said at least one energy pathway that is not superposed with at least one energy pathway of said third plurality conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises a total first non superposed area defined as the sum of said first non superposed areas of all energy pathways of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein at least one energy pathway of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises at least a second non superposed area defined as the area of said at least one energy pathway that is not superposed with at least one energy pathway of said third plurality conductively coupled energy pathways;
wherein said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises a total second non superposed area defined as the sum of said second non superposed areas of all energy pathways of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways; and
wherein said total first non superposed area is substantially equal to said total second non superposed area.
46. The arrangement of claim 45, wherein only one of energy pathway of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises said first non-superposed area; and
wherein all other energy pathways of said first plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are substantially superposed with the energy pathways of said third plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways.
47. The arrangement of claim 46, wherein only one of energy pathway of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways comprises said second non-superposed area; and
wherein all other energy pathways of said second plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways are substantially superposed with the energy pathways of said third plurality of conductively coupled energy pathways.
48. A method of making an energy pathway arrangement, comprising:
providing a first energy pathway;
providing a second energy pathway;
providing a first superposed energy pathway;
providing a second superposed energy pathway; and
providing a third superposed energy pathway;
wherein said first energy pathway is located between said first superposed energy pathway and said second superposed energy pathway;
wherein said second energy pathway is located between said second superposed energy pathway and said third superposed energy pathway;
wherein said first energy pathway consists essentially of a first face to face area and a first non-face to face area;
wherein said second energy pathway consists essentially of a second face to face area and a second non-face to face area;
wherein said first face to face area and said second face to face area are equal in size to each other and completely overlap with each other.
49. A method of making an energy pathway arrangement comprising:
providing a first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
providing a second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
providing a third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said third plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein said third plurality of superposed energy pathways is conductively isolated from said first plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways and said second plurality of conductively coupled superposed energy pathways;
wherein superposed energy pathways of said second plurality of superposed energy pathways are of substantially same size and shape as one another;
wherein superposed energy pathways of said third plurality of superposed energy pathways are of substantially same size and shape as one another; and
wherein any one superposed energy pathway of said first plurality of superposed energy pathways is larger than either (1) any one superposed energy pathway of said second plurality of superposed energy pathways or (2) any one superposed energy pathway of said third plurality of superposed energy pathways.
50. The arrangement of claim 3, wherein said first energy pathway and said second energy pathway are smaller in size than any of said first superposed energy pathway, said second superposed energy pathway, and said third superposed energy pathway.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A room temperature cure adhesive composition comprising:
a) at least one polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality present in an amount of from about 25% to about 30% by weight of the total composition;
b) a reactive monomer comprising cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate present in an amount of from about 10% to about 50% by weight of the total composition;
c) at least one maleimide-functionalized compound present in an amount of from about 15% to about 30% by weight of the total composition; and
d) a cure system comprising at least one free-radical initiator.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylmethacrylate, cyclohexylacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate and combinations thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the reactive monomer is present from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the total composition.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the maleimide-functionalized compound is 4,4\u2032-bis(maleimido)diphenylmethane.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the maleimide-functionalized compound corresponds to the formula
wherein R\u2032 is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, arylene, cycloalkylene, aralkylene, alkarylene and arylalkylarylene.
6. The composition of claim 1, further including a rubber toughener material.
7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the rubber toughener is in solution or admixture with the reactive monomer.
8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality comprises a (meth)acrylate-capped polyurethane.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality is the reaction product of an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane oligomer and an isocyanate-reactive ethylenically unsaturated compound.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the polyurethane oligomer is the reaction product of diisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive compound having at least two isocyanate reactive functional groups selected from the groups consisting of hydroxy, amino, mercapto, carboxy and combinations thereof.
11. The composition of claim 8, wherein the (meth)acrylate functionality is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, isobornyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, (meth)acrylate ester if a linear, branched or cyclic alcohol of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, acrylamide, methyacrylimide and combinations thereof.
12. The compositions of claim 1, wherein the cure system further comprises an organic acid and saccharin salt.
13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the free radical initiator is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkyl peroxide, alkyl hydroperoxide, aralkyl peroxide, peroxyester and combinations thereof.
14. The composition of claim 1, further including a hydroquinone stabilizer.
15. The composition of claim 1, further including an antioxidant.
16. A process for preparing a room temperature curing adhesive composition having high temperature properties when cured, said process comprising:
combining at least one polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality, in amounts of about 25% to about 30% by weight, a reactive monomer comprising cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate present in amounts of about 10% to about 50% by weight; at least one maleimide-functionalized compound present in amounts of about 15% to about 30% by weight, and a cure system comprising at least one peroxide in an amount sufficient to initiate room temperature cure.
17. A method of bonding a first substrate and to a second substrate to form a bonded composite thereof, said method comprising the steps of:
(i) providing a composition comprising:
a) at least one polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality; in amounts of about 25% to about 30% by weight;
b) a reactive monomer comprising cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate present in the amount of about 10 to about 50% by weight;
c) at least one maleimide-functionalized compound present in the amount of about 15% to about 30% by weight; and
d) a cure system comprising at least one peroxide;
(ii) applying said composition to a surface on at least one of said first or second substrates;
(iii) matingly engaging said first and second substrate at said surface; and
(iv) permitting the composition to cure.
18. A process for preparing a room temperature curing adhesive having high temperature properties when cured comprising
b) combining at least one polyurethane oligomer having (meth)acrylate functionality present in an amount of from about 25% to about 30% by weight of the total composition, a reactive monomer comprising cycloalkyl(meth)acrylate in an amount of from about 10% to about 50% by weight of the total composition, a maleimide-functionalized compound present in an amount of from about 15% to about 30% by weight of the total composition and at least one peroxide as a first component;
c) providing a surface activator to produce a second component; and
d) contacting said first and second components to produce said room temperature curing adhesive having high temperature properties.