1. A process for producing an electrophoretic display of the type wherein a dispersion liquid for migration and a plurality of charged particles are sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate, said process comprising:
a latent image forming step of forming an electrostatic latent image on an adsorption member,
a developing step of causing the adsorption member to contact the dispersion liquid in which the charged particles are dispersed, thereby to attach the charged particles together with the dispersion liquid onto a surface of the adsorption member on which the latent image is formed,
a transfer step of transferring the charged particles from the surface of the adsorption member to the second substrate together with the dispersion liquid, and
a sealing step of bonding the first substrate to the second substrate to seal the charged particles and the dispersion liquid, therebetween.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion liquid contains an ultraviolet curable resin, and said process further comprises an irradiation step of irradiating the ultraviolet curable resin with ultraviolet rays after said transfer step.
3. A process according to claim 2, wherein said latent image forming step, said developing step, said transfer step, and said irradiation step were repeated for each color of charged particles different in color.
4. A process according to claim 1, wherein said developing step is a step of adsorbing only charged particles having an electric charge amount larger than a predetermined electric charge amount, from the charged particles in the dispersion liquid.
5. A process according to claim 1, wherein before said transfer step, the surface of the second substrate is electrically charged to a polarity identical to that of the surface of the adsorption member.
6. A process according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the second substrate and the surface of the adsorption member have an identical wettability to the dispersion liquid.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A common electrode substrate comprising:
a transparent insulating substrate to be arranged opposite to an array substrate having pixel electrodes formed in respective pixel regions that are defined by a plurality of gate bus lines and drain bus lines, and to hold a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy;
a common electrode formed on the transparent insulating substrate;
alignment regulating structures having linear protrusions formed on the common electrode; and
a light shield film formed on the transparent insulating substrate and having overlap regions that overlap the pixel electrodes when viewed in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the transparent insulating substrate so as to shield, from light, alignment defective regions of the liquid crystal formed in regions of end portions of the pixel electrodes.
2. The common electrode substrate according to claim 1, wherein the light shield film has the overlap regions extending along the drain bus lines, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
3. The common electrode substrate according to claim 2, wherein a width of the overlap regions is greater than or equal to 2 \u03bcm and smaller than or equal to 12 \u03bcm when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
4. The common electrode substrate according to claim 1, wherein:
the alignment regulating structures further have auxiliary protrusions that branch off the linear protrusions and extend along portions of the drain bus lines that are opposed to end portions of the pixel electrodes; and
the light shield film has the overlap regions in regions where the auxiliary protrusions are not formed, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
5. The common electrode substrate according to claim 1, wherein the light shield film is formed outside each of the pixel electrodes in normal alignment regions other than the alignment defective regions of the liquid crystal, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
6. The common electrode substrate according to claim 5, wherein the light shield film is formed outside each of the pixel electrodes so as to extend along the drain bus lines, when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
7. The common electrode substrate according to claim 6, wherein a distance between end portions of the light shield film and end portions of each of the pixel electrodes in the normal alignment regions of the liquid crystal is smaller than or equal to 7 \u03bcm, when viewed parallel with the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
8. The common electrode substrate according to claim 5, wherein:
the alignment regulating structures further have auxiliary protrusions that branch off the protrusions and extend along portions of the drain bus lines that are opposed to end portions of the pixel electrodes; and
the light shield film is formed outside each of the pixel electrodes in regions where the auxiliary protrusions are formed when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
9. A common electrode substrate comprising:
a transparent insulating substrate to be arranged opposite to an array substrate having pixel electrodes formed in respective pixel regions that are defined by a plurality of gate bus lines and drain bus lines, and to hold a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy;
a common electrode formed on the transparent insulating substrate;
alignment regulating structures having linear protrusions formed on the common electrode; and
a light shield film formed on the transparent insulating substrate outside each of the pixel electrodes in normal alignment regions other than alignment defective regions of the liquid crystal when viewed in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
10. The common electrode substrate according to claim 9, wherein the light shield film is formed outside each of the pixel electrodes so as to extend along the drain bus lines when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
11. The common electrode substrate according to claim 9, wherein:
the alignment regulating structures further have auxiliary protrusions that branch off the linear protrusions and extend along portions of the drain bus lines that are opposed to end portions of the pixel electrodes; and
the light shield film is formed outside each of the pixel electrodes in regions where the auxiliary protrusions are formed when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the transparent insulating substrate.
12. The common electrode substrate according to claim 1, wherein the light shield film is formed by laminating, one on another, forming materials of color filters that are formed in the respective pixel regions.
13. A common electrode substrate comprising:
a transparent insulating substrate to be arranged opposite to an array substrate having pixel electrodes formed in respective pixel regions that are defined by a plurality of gate bus lines and drain bus lines, and to hold a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy;
a common electrode formed on the transparent insulating substrate and having steps for alignment-restricting the liquid crystal in regions opposed to regions between each of the pixel electrodes and the drain bus lines; and
alignment regulating structures having linear protrusions formed on the common electrode.
14. The common electrode substrate according to claim 13, wherein the steps are formed thicker than the regions that are opposed to the respective pixel electrodes.
15. The common electrode substrate according to claim 13, wherein:
the alignment regulating structures further have auxiliary protrusions that branch off the linear protrusions and extend along portions of the drain bus lines that are opposed to end portions of the pixel electrodes; and
the steps are formed in regions where the auxiliary protrusions are not formed.
16. The common electrode substrate according to claim 13, wherein each of the steps is formed in such a manner that a resin is formed under the common electrode.
17. The common electrode substrate according to claim 16, wherein each of the steps is formed in such a manner that forming materials of color filters formed in the respective pixel regions are laminated one on another.
18. The common electrode substrate according to claim 16, wherein each of the steps is made of a black resin.
19. The common electrode substrate according to claim 1, wherein the linear protrusions are formed obliquely with respect to edges of the pixel electrodes.
20. A liquid crystal display device comprising an array substrate having pixel electrodes formed in respective pixel regions that are defined by a plurality of gate bus lines and drain bus lines, an opposite substrate arranged opposite to the array substrate, and a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy sealed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate;
wherein the opposite substrate is the common electrode substrate as set forth in claim 1.