1. A method for determining the potency of a Clostridial neurotoxin, comprising the steps of:
administering different dosages of a Clostridial neurotoxin to a muscle of a plurality of animals to provide neurotoxic effect on the muscle;
removing the muscle from the animals at a time when the neurotoxic effect has been achieved, wherein the muscle is removed about 2 weeks after administration of the Clostridial neurotoxin;
constructing a dose response curve by correlating an amount of muscle atrophy of the muscle that was administered with a particular dose of the Clostridial neurotoxin, thereby determining the potency of the Clostridial neurotoxin.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the atrophy is determined by weighing the muscle.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising comparing the weight of the muscle to the weight of a control muscle.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the muscle atrophy is determined by measuring muscle fiber diameter.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the muscle atrophy is determined histopathologically.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating the steps in a plurality of animals.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising calculating an ED50 from weight data obtained from the plurality of animals.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Clostridial neurotoxin is a botulinum toxin selected from the group consisting of botulinum toxin types A, B, C, D, E, F and G.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the Clostridial neurotoxin is a botulinum toxin type A.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the Clostridial neurotoxin is botulinum toxin type A and is administered at a dosage greater than 0 Ukg and less than about 10 Ukg.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the muscle is a gastrocnemius muscle.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of muscle atrophy is determined by determining the nuclear index of the muscle.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A secure industrial control system, comprising:
at least one control module provisioned with a first unique security credential, the at least one control module including a first memory device and a first processor coupled to the second first memory device; and
at least one inputoutput module provisioned with a second unique security credential, the at least one inputoutput module including a second memory device and a second processor coupled to the second memory device, the at least one inputoutput module being operable to receive industrial sensor information or send control information to an industrial actuator or motor,
wherein the at least one control module and the at least one inputoutput module are operable to bi-directionally communicate with one another based on the first and second unique security credentials,
wherein the at least one control module and the at least one inputoutput module are configured to receive the first and second unique security credentials at respective points of manufacture from a key management entity, the first and second unique security credentials being stored in respective ones of the first and second memory devices,
wherein the first processor is configured to implement a modification, authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential in response to a first communication received from the key management entity while the at least one control module is operated at a site different from the respective point of manufacture of the at least one control module and is configured to implement an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential in response to a second communication received from a second control module, and
wherein the second processor is configured to implement a modification, authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential in response to a second third communication received from the key management entity or from the at least one control module while the at least one inputoutput module is operated at a site different from the respective point of manufacture of the at least one inputoutput module, is configured to implement an authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential in response to a fourth communication received from the at least one control module, and is configured to implement an authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential in response to a fifth communication received from a second inputoutput module.
2. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a public security credential.
3. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a secret security credential.
4. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises an encryption key.
5. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a certificate or an identification number.
6. A secure industrial control system, comprising:
an inputoutput module provisioned with a first unique security credential, the inputoutput module including a first memory device and a first processor coupled to the first memory device, the inputoutput module being operable to receive industrial sensor information or send control information to an industrial actuator or motor;
a control module provisioned with a second unique security credential, the control module including a second memory device and a second processor coupled to the second memory device, the control module being configured to monitor and control the inputoutput module and further configured to connect the inputoutput module to at least a second inputoutput module that is also monitored and controlled by the control module; and
a backplane including a communications link that physically and communicatively couples the control module and the inputoutput module,
wherein the control module and the inputoutput module are configured to receive the first and second unique security credentials at respective points of manufacture from a key management entity, the first and second unique security credentials being stored in respective ones of the first and second memory devices, and
wherein the inputoutput module is configured to receive a modification, authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the key management entity, is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the control module, and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the second inputoutput module.
7. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, wherein the control module is configured to receive a modification, authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential from the key management entity and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential from a second control module.
8. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
a power module provisioned with a third unique security credential, the power module including a third memory device and a third processor coupled to the third memory device, the power module being configured to supply power for at least one of the inputoutput module or the control module, wherein the power module is configured to receive a modification, authentication or revocation of the third unique security credential from the key management entity and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the third unique security credential from the control module, the inputoutput module, or a second power module.
9. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
a physical interconnect device provisioned with a fourth security credential, the physical interconnect device being configured to couple at least two of the control module, the inputoutput module, and the power module, wherein the physical interconnect device is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the key management entity, the control module, the second inputoutput module, or the power module.
10. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a public security credential.
11. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a secret security credential.
12. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises an encryption key.
13. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second unique security credentials comprises a certificate or an identification number.
14. A secure industrial control system, comprising:
an inputoutput module provisioned with a first unique security credential, the inputoutput module including a first memory device and a first processor coupled to the first memory device, the inputoutput module being operable to receive industrial sensor information or send control information to an industrial actuator or motor;
a control module provisioned with a second unique security credential, the control module including a second memory device and a second processor coupled to the second memory device, the control module being configured to monitor and control the inputoutput module and further configured to connect the inputoutput module to at least a second inputoutput module that is also monitored and controlled by the control module;
a power module provisioned with a third unique security credential, the power module including a third memory device and a third processor coupled to the third memory device, the power module being configured to supply power for at least one of the inputoutput module or the control module; and
a backplane including a communications link that physically and communicatively couples the control module, the inputoutput module, and the power module,
wherein the control module, the inputoutput module, and the power module are configured to receive the first, second, and third unique security credentials at respective points of manufacture from a key management entity, the first, second, and third unique security credentials being stored in respective ones of the first, second, and third memory devices, and
wherein the inputoutput module is configured to receive a modification, authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the key management entity, is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the control module, and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the second inputoutput module.
15. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 14, wherein the control module is configured to receive a modification, authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential from the key management entity and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the second unique security credential from a second control module.
16. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 14, wherein the power module is configured to receive a authentication or revocation of the third unique security credential from the key management entity and is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the third unique security credential from the control module, the inputoutput module, a second power module, or a physical interconnect device.
17. The secure industrial control system as recited in claim 14, further comprising:
a physical interconnect device provisioned with a fourth security credential, the physical interconnect device being configured to couple at least two of the control module, the inputoutput module, and the power module, wherein the physical interconnect device is configured to receive an authentication or revocation of the first unique security credential from the key management entity, the control module, the inputoutput module, or the power module.