1. A marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent, the anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, and the marker comprising one or more substances selected from the group consisting of an amino-acid-metabolism-related substance, a nucleic-acid-metabolism-related substance, a substance in the pentose phosphate pathway, a substance in the glycolytic pathway, a substance in the TCA cycle, a polyamine-metabolism-related substance, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin, 6-phosphogluconic acid, butyric acid, triethanolamine, 1-methylnicotinamide, NADH, NAD+, and a substance involved in the metabolism of any of these substances.
2. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the amino-acid-metabolism-related substance is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of Asp, Gly, Arg, N-acetyl-\u03b2-alanine, N-acetylornithine, cadaverine, cysteic acid, 2-aminoadipic acid, GABA, \u03b3-Glu-Cys, 13-Ala-Lys, Glu-Glu, S-lactoylglutathione, N,N-dimethylglycine, 3-methylhistidine, N5-ethylglutamine, glutathione, and cysteine-glutathione.
3. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic-acid-metabolism-related substance is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of guanosine, CMP, UMP, 1-methyladenosine, UDP, CTP, dATP, and adenine.
4. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the substance in the pentose phosphate cycle pathway is sedoheptulose 7-phosphate andor PRPP.
5. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the substance in the glycolytic pathway is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of dihydroxyacetone phosphate, 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, and pyruvic acid.
6. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the substance in the TCA cycle is malic acid.
7. The marker for determining sensitivity to an anti-cancer agent according to claim 1, wherein the polyamine-metabolism-related substance is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of N1-acetylspermine, N-acetylputrescine, N8-acetylspermidine, putrescine, spermine, and spermidine.
8. A method for determining sensitivity of a subject to an anti-cancer agent, the anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, the method comprising measuring a level of the marker of claim 1 in a specimen derived from the subject.
9. The determination method according to claim 8, wherein the subject has cancer, and the specimen is a biological sample.
10. The determination method according to claim 8, wherein the subject has cancer, the specimen is a biological sample, and an anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof has been administered to said subject.
11. A kit for carrying out the determination method as recited in claim 8, the kit comprising a protocol for measuring a level of the marker in a specimen derived from the subject.
12. The kit according to claim 11, wherein the subject has cancer, and the specimen is a biological sample.
13. The kit according to claim 11, wherein the subject has cancer, the specimen is a biological sample, and an anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof has been administered to said subject.
14. A screening method for an anti-cancer agent sensitivity enhancer, the anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, the method comprising employing, as an index, variation in expression of the marker of claim 1.
15. An anti-cancer agent sensitivity enhancer, the anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, wherein the enhancer is selected through the method of claim 14.
16. A composition for cancer therapy, comprising the anti-cancer agent sensitivity enhancer of claim 15, and an anti-cancer agent comprising oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the cancer type is one or more selected from the group consisting of lip, oral, pharyngeal, gastrointestinal tract cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, respiratory cancer, pleural organ cancer, lung cancer, bone cancer, articular cartilage cancer, skin melanoma, squamous cell cancer, other skin cancers, mesothelial and soft tissue, mesothelioma, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostatic cancer, urinary tract cancer, bladder cancer, eye, brain, and central nerve cancers, brain tumor, thyroid and endocrine cancer, lymphoid tissue, hematogeneous tissue, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, non-small-cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, squamous cell cancer, malignant lymphoma and metastatic cancers from these cancers as primary lesions.
18. The method of claim 8 where the measurement of the marker concentration is accomplished using one or more of mass spectroscopy, HPLC, immunological assay, biological assay, or gas chromatography.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An ESD protection device comprising:
a ceramic base material;
a pair of opposed electrodes including ends opposed to each other at a predetermined distance on a surface of or in the ceramic base material; and
a discharge auxiliary electrode film arranged to connect the pair of opposed electrodes; wherein
the discharge auxiliary electrode film contains, as its main constituents, metallic particles and glass covering the metallic particles.
2. An ESD protection device comprising:
a pair of opposed electrodes including ends opposed to each other at a predetermined distance on a surface of a ceramic base material; and
a discharge auxiliary electrode film arranged to extend continuously so as to cover each of the pair of opposed electrodes partially, and cover a region located at the surface of the ceramic base material and between the pair of opposed electrodes; wherein
the discharge auxiliary electrode film contains, as its main constituents, metallic particles and glass covering the metallic particles.
3. An ESD protection device comprising:
a pair of opposed electrodes including ends opposed to each other at a predetermined distance in a ceramic base material; and
a discharge auxiliary electrode film provided in the ceramic base material so as to connect the pair of opposed electrodes; wherein
a cavity section is provided in the ceramic base material;
the pair of opposed electrodes include a first region located where the ends are opposed to each other and on the ceramic base material facing the cavity section;
the discharge auxiliary electrode film contains, as its main constituents, metallic particles and glass covering the metallic particles, and connects the pair of opposed electrodes, the discharge auxiliary electrode film is arranged to cover at least a second region located between the pair of opposed electrodes and the first region located on the ceramic base material facing the cavity section.
4. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein a barrier layer containing inorganic insulating material particles as its main constituent is provided between the discharge auxiliary electrode film and the ceramic base material.
5. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes an inorganic oxide at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 30 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles, the glass, and the inorganic oxide.
6. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes a semiconductor powder at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 50 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles and the semiconductor powder.
7. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein the metallic particles include Cu.
8. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein the opposed electrodes and the discharge auxiliary electrode film are located on the surface of the ceramic base material, and a protective film is provided on the discharge auxiliary electrode film.
9. The ESD protection device according to claim 8, wherein the protective film includes a same type of glass as the glass covering the metallic particles.
10. The ESD protection device according to claim 1, wherein the pair of opposed electrodes are disposed on a common plane so as to be coplanar with one another.
11. The ESD protection device according to claim 2, wherein the pair of opposed electrodes are disposed on a common plane so as to be coplanar with one another.
12. The ESD protection device according to claim 2, wherein a barrier layer containing inorganic insulating material particles as its main constituent is provided between the discharge auxiliary electrode film and the ceramic base material.
13. The ESD protection device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes an inorganic oxide at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 30 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles, the glass, and the inorganic oxide.
14. The ESD protection device according to claim 2, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes a semiconductor powder at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 50 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles and the semiconductor powder.
15. The ESD protection device according to claim 2, wherein the opposed electrodes and the discharge auxiliary electrode film are located on the surface of the ceramic base material, and a protective film is provided on the discharge auxiliary electrode film.
16. The ESD protection device according to claim 15, wherein the protective film includes a same type of glass as the glass covering the metallic particles.
17. The ESD protection device according to claim 3, wherein the pair of opposed electrodes are disposed on a common plane so as to be coplanar with one another.
18. The ESD protection device according to claim 3, wherein a barrier layer containing inorganic insulating material particles as its main constituent is provided between the discharge auxiliary electrode film and the ceramic base material.
19. The ESD protection device according to claim 3, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes an inorganic oxide at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 30 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles, the glass, and the inorganic oxide.
20. The ESD protection device according to claim 3, wherein the discharge auxiliary electrode film also includes a semiconductor powder at a ratio of about 5 volume % to about 50 volume % relative to a combination of the metallic particles and the semiconductor powder.