1. An ophthalmic lens device for placement on an eye comprising:
a lens comprising a biocompatible material; and
a rigid insert having a three-dimensional topography encapsulated within said lens.
2. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, wherein said three-dimensional topography provides correction for astigmatic vision.
3. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 2, wherein said rigid insert comprises a plurality of zones.
4. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 3, wherein each zone is capable of mirroring an astigmatic characteristic of the eye.
5. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 2, wherein said three-dimensional topography substantially mirrors the astigmatic characteristics of the eye.
6. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, wherein said lens has a three-dimensional topography.
7. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 6, wherein the three-dimensional topography of the lens enhances a corrective property of the rigid insert.
8. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, further comprising at least one stabilizing feature for orienting the lens device on the eye.
9. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 8, wherein said stabilizing feature orients the lens device to align the three-dimensional topography of the rigid insert with the astigmatic vision characteristics of the eye.
10. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 9, wherein the stabilizing feature alters the front curve surface of the lens.
11. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 10, wherein the stabilizing feature projects from the front curve surface of the lens.
12. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 9, wherein the stabilizing feature adds sufficient mass to ballast the ophthalmic lens device.
13. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the rigid insert and lens provide polarization.
14. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the rigid insert and lens comprises a region of coloration.
15. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 1, wherein said rigid insert further comprises an active agent.
16. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 3, wherein said zones comprise materials of different density.
17. The ophthalmic lens device of claim 3, wherein said zones comprise areas of differing refractive index.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A non-contact volume sensor, comprising:
first, second, and third laser sources configured to emit first, second, and third laser beams;
first, second, and third beam splitters configured to split the first, second, and third laser beams into first, second, and third beam pairs;
first, second, and third optical assemblies configured to expand the first, second, and third beam pairs into first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets;
fourth, fifth, and sixth optical assemblies configured to focus the first, second, and third parallel beam sheet pairs into fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs; and
first, second, and third detector pairs configured to receive the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs and convert a change in intensity of at least one of the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs resulting from an object passing through at least one of the first, second, and third parallel beam sheets into at least one electrical signal proportional to a three-dimensional representation of the object.
2. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets are mutually orthogonal.
3. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 2, wherein the first, second, and third detector pairs are on first, second, and third axes arranged at a rotational angle of 120 degrees to each other.
4. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 3, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third detector pairs is tilted at an angle with respect to a direction of travel of the object.
5. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets are parallel to first, second, and third non-orthogonal planes.
6. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 4, wherein the first, second, and third optical assemblies are further configured to collimate the first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets.
7. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, further comprising an aperture configured to pass the object through at least one of the first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets.
8. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein the beam splitter is further configured to polarize at least one of the first, second, and third laser beams.
9. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third beam splitters further comprises a first prism and a second prism.
10. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third beam splitters further comprises a prism having at least two reflective surfaces configured such that the parallelism of the light from the beam splitter is governed by the equation \u03b8=\xbd*sin\u22121(2*\u03b5W).
11. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, further comprising at least one intensity apodizing filter having a long beam axis and a short beam axis, wherein
the filter optically connects with at least one of the first, second, and third beam splitters, and
has a variable transmission across the long beam axis and a constant transmission across the short beam axis.
12. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third laser sources emits a wavelength between 600 and 670 nm.
13. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third laser sources emits a wavelength below 410 nm.
14. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third beam splitters further comprises a half wave plate which when turned orthogonally rotates a polarization of one of the two beams of the beam pair emitted from the at least one beam splitter.
15. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second, and third laser sources is rotatable.
16. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, further comprising a computer configured to integrate a plurality of object cross sections into a three-dimensional representation of the object.
17. The non-contact volume sensor of claim 1, further comprising at least one reference detector configured to sample at least one of the first, second, and third laser beams and compare the sampled beam to a known reference.
18. A method of non-contact volume measurement, comprising the steps of:
emitting first, second, and third laser beams;
splitting the first, second, and third laser beams into first, second, and third beam pairs;
expanding the first, second, and third beam pairs into first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets;
focusing the first, second, and third parallel beam sheets into fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs; and
receiving the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs and converting a change in intensity of at least one of the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs resulting from an object passing through at least one of the first, second, and third parallel beam sheets into at least one electrical signal proportional to a three-dimensional representation of the object.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of forming the first, second, and third pairs of parallel beam sheets into three mutually orthogonal planes.
20. The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of receiving light from the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs at a rotational angle of 120 degrees to each other.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising the step of receiving inputs from at least one of the fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pairs at a horizontal angle with respect to a direction of travel of the object such that a plurality of object cross sections having a plurality of non-coincident time axes is created.
22. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of forming a three-dimensional representation of the object by converting a plurality of fourth, fifth, and sixth beam pair electrical signal data proportional to a cross section of the object into a spherical coordinate system, and interpolating spherical radii between the plurality of converted cross-sectional electrical signal data.
23. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of integrating at least three cross sections together to form a three-dimensional representation of the object.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein up to 10,000 three-dimensional representations are formed per second.
25. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of calculating a velocity of the object based on a distance between two parallel beam sheets and a time delay between when the object passes between a first of the two parallel beam sheets and when the object passes through a second of the two parallel beam sheets.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the time delay is calculated according to the equation V=d\u03c4*sin(\u03b8)\u2212a\u03c42.
27. A method of non-contact volume measurement, comprising the steps of:
acquiring data on a plurality of light intensities received from three mutually orthogonal light sources;
identifying a change in intensity in at least one of the plurality of received light sources;
determining a presence of an object when the change in light intensity exceeds a predetermined magnitude in a predetermined number of received light sources;
acquiring cross-sectional data points on the detected object; and
determining an end of a presence of an object when the change in light intensity falls below the predetermined magnitude in the predetermined number of received light sources.
28. The method of claim 27, further comprising the steps of:
recording a time that the presence of the object is detected; and
recording a time that the presence of the object is no longer detected.
29. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer executable instructions that when executed causes the computer to perform a method of non-contact volume measurement, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving data on light intensity of at least one of a first, second, and third laser beams;
detecting a change in light intensity in at least one of the first, second, and third laser beams resulting from an object passing through at least one of a first, second, and third parallel beam sheet pairs; and
converting the data on the change in light intensity of at least one of the first, second, and third laser beams into an electrical signal proportional to a three-dimensional representation of the object.