What is claimed is:
1. A non-intrusive method of monitoring the integrity of a rotating member, comprising:
mounting at least one sensor in a stationary frame of reference in a casing over said rotating member;
measuring a pressure field generated by the rotating member;
comparing the measured pressure field with a reference value;
identifying variations in the comparison step, the variations indicative of a fault in the rotating member; and
generating an output indicative of an identified fault.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing phase averaging of measured pressure fields to remove interference signal content.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising:
storing in real-time the measured pressure field data in a memory system; and
freezing the memory system to protect the integrity of the stored data in the event of a failure.
4. In a compressor having a plurality of rotating blades, a method of monitoring the integrity of the rotating blades comprising:
disposing at least one sensor about the rotating blades to measure a pressure field of a rotating blade;
comparing the measured pressure field data with a reference value to identify a fault in said rotating blade; and
generating an output indicative of said fault.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
performing phase averaging of measured pressure field to remove interference signals.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:
storing in real-time the measured pressure data in a memory system; and
freezing the memory system to protect the integrity of the stored data in the event of a failure.
7. In a gas turbine of the type having a compressor with a plurality of rotating members, a generator, and a turbine, a non-intrusive method of monitoring the integrity of a rotating member comprising:
mounting at least one sensor in a stationary frame of reference in a casing over said rotating members.
measuring a pressure field generated by the rotating member;
comparing the measured pressure field data with a reference value;
identifying variations in the comparison step, the variations indicative of a fault in the rotating member; and
generating an output indicative of an identified fault.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
performing phase averaging of measured pressure fields to remove interference signal content.
9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
storing in real-time the measured pressure field data in a memory system; and
freezing the memory system to protect the integrity of the stored data in the event of a failure.
10. An apparatus for monitoring the integrity of rotating components of a gas turbine, comprising:
at least one sensor operatively coupled to the compressor to measure the pressure fields of rotating components;
a processor system operatively coupled to said at least one sensor for performing phase averaging of said measured pressure fields; and
a comparator operatively coupled to said processor system for comparing the measured pressure field data with a reference value.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 further comprises:
a user interface coupled to said comparator for identifying a faulty rotating component in the event of a deviation in the measured pressure field of said rotating component from the reference value.
12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said sensor is a hot wire anemometer.
13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said sensor is a dynamic pressure sensor.
14. A non-intrusive apparatus for monitoring the integrity of a rotating member, comprising:
means for measuring the pressure fields of the rotating member;
means for comparing the measured pressure fields with a reference value to identify a fault in the rotating member; and
means for generating an output indicative of the identified fault.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprises:
means for performing phase averaging of measured fields to remove random signal content.
16. A non-intrusive apparatus for monitoring the mechanical integrity of a rotating member of a compressor, comprising:
at least one sensor operatively coupled to the compressor for measuring compressor parameters;
a comparator operatively coupled to said at least one sensor for comparing the measured compressor parameters to corresponding reference values to identify a faulty rotating member; and
a user interface coupled to a processor system for displaying an identified fault.
17. A non-intrusive method of monitoring the integrity of a rotating member among a plurality of rotating members, comprising:
mounting at least one sensor in a stationary frame of reference in a casing over said rotating members;
measuring the pressure field of each of the rotating members of a blade row;
performing an average of the measured pressure fields;
comparing the measured pressure field of a rotating member with the average pressure field;
identifying a faulty rotating member in the event of a mismatch in the comparison step; and
generating an output indicative of an identified fault.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A transmission for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and with an electric machine, the transmission comprising
a primary shaft adapted to be set into rotation by the electric machine,
a secondary shaft,
a differential for transmitting rotary motion to wheels of a first axle of the vehicle,
a first transmission mechanism interposed between the primary shaft and the secondary shaft,
a second transmission mechanism interposed between the secondary shaft and the differential,
an overrunning clutch associated with the secondary shaft in such a manner that the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via the overrunning clutch,
and a reducer mechanism upstream of the overrunning clutch, wherein the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via said reducer mechanism, as well as via the overrunning clutch, wherein an input gearwheel is mounted on the secondary shaft and comprises a hub and a ring gear, the hub being drivingly connected for rotation with the secondary shaft, wherein the overrunning clutch is interposed between the hub and the ring gear of the input gearwheel, and wherein the reducer mechanism comprises the ring gear and a pinion, said pinion being arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine and wherein said pinion meshes directly or indirectly with the ring gear.
2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein said first transmission mechanism is formed by a gearing comprising a driving pinion carried by the primary shaft and a driven gearwheel carried by the secondary shaft, the driving pinion and the driven gearwheel each being drivingly connected for rotation with each respective shaft.
3. The transmission of claim 1, wherein said first transmission mechanism comprises a mechanical gearbox.
4. A hybrid propulsion system for a vehicle, comprising a transmission, an electric machine and an internal combustion engine, wherein the transmission comprises
a primary shaft directly connected to the electric machine to be set into rotation by the electric machine,
a secondary shaft,
a differential for transmitting rotary motion to wheels of a first axle of the vehicle,
a first transmission mechanism interposed between the primary shaft and the secondary shaft,
a second transmission mechanism interposed between the secondary shaft and the differential,
an overrunning clutch associated with the secondary shaft in such a manner that the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via the overrunning clutch, and
a reducer mechanism upstream of the overrunning clutch, wherein the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via said reducer mechanism, as well as via the overrunning clutch, the system further comprising a gearbox interposed between the internal combustion engine and the reducer mechanism.
5. The hybrid propulsion system of claim 4, wherein said gearbox is a continuously variable gearbox.
6. A transmission for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and with an electric machine, the transmission comprising
a primary shaft adapted to be set into rotation by the electric machine,
a secondary shaft,
a differential for transmitting rotary motion to wheels of a first axle of the vehicle,
a first transmission mechanism interposed between the primary shaft and the secondary shaft,
a second transmission mechanism interposed between the secondary shaft and the differential,
an overrunning clutch associated with the secondary shaft in such a manner that the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via the overrunning clutch,
and a reducer mechanism upstream of the overrunning clutch, wherein the secondary shaft is arranged to be set into rotation by the internal combustion engine via said reducer mechanism, as well as by the overrunning clutch, wherein said second transmission mechanism comprises a lay shaft adapted to be connected for rotation both with the secondary shaft and with the differential to allow reversal of a direction of rotation of the differential, a direction of rotation of the secondary shaft remaining unchanged.
7. The transmission of claim 6, wherein said second transmission mechanism comprises a coupling device shiftable in a neutral position in which the coupling device disconnects the secondary shaft from the differential and from the lay shaft.
8. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising an output pinion mounted on the lay shaft so as to be drivingly connected for rotation with the lay shaft to allow transmission of the rotary motion to wheels of a second axle of the vehicle.