1. A compound of formula (I):
wherein:
each of Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl and at least one of Ar2 and Ar3 comprises 9,9-dialkylfluorenylene;
each of Ar4 and Ar5 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl;
each of Ar6 and Ar7 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl and at least one of Ar6 and Ar7 is an electron withdrawing Ar group, is substituted with one or more electron withdrawing substituents, or is both; and
each of m, n, p, r, s, x and y is independently an integer from 1 to 20.
2. The compound of claim 1 wherein two Ar groups in at least one of the following pairs: Ar1 and Ar2; Ar1 and Ar3; Ar2 and Ar3; Ar4 and Ar5; Ar1 and Ar4; and Ar1 and Ar5; are connected to each other.
3. The compound of claim 1 wherein the two Ar groups are connected to each other by a single bond, O, S, Si or substituted or unsubstituted alkylene.
4. (canceled)
5. The compound of claim 1 wherein at least one Ar group of Ar1, Ar4 and Ar5 is independently substituted with one or more of alkylthio, amino, hydroxyl, amido connected to the backbone through the nitrogen, carboxyl connected to the backbone through the oxygen, phenyl, naphthyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl and carbazolyl.
6. The compound of claim 1 wherein at least one Ar group of Ar6 or Ar7 comprises one or more of the following:
wherein each of R, R\u2032, R\u2033 and R\u2033\u2032 is independently halo, cyano, nitro, carbonyl, thionyl, sulphonyl, alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylene vinylene, or arylene ethynylene, and q is an integer from 0 to 6.
7. The compound of claim 1 wherein each of the at least one electron withdrawing substituent is independently halo, perfluoroalkyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, cyano, ammonio, nitro, thionyl, sulfonyl, amido linked to the backbone through the oxygen, pyridinium, phosphonium, pyridyl, thiazolyl, oxadiazolyl or triazolyl.
8. (canceled)
9. (canceled)
10. The compound of claim 1 wherein Ar1 is phenylene.
11. The compound of claim 1 wherein at least one Ar group of Ar4 and Ar5 is phenyl.
12. (canceled)
13. (canceled)
14. The compound of claim 1 wherein at least one of Ar group of Ar6 and Ar7 is phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2-naphthyl, 3-benzothiophenyl, phenanthrenyl, 9,9-dihexylfluorenyl, pyrenyl, 9-phenylcarbazolyl, 4-cyanophenyl or 7-(4\u2032-cyanophenyl)-9,9-dihexylfluorenyl.
15. (canceled)
16. The compound of claim 1 wherein Ar1 is phenylene, Ar2 and Ar2 are both 9,9-dihexylfluorenylene, Ar4 and Ar5 are both phenylene and are connected to each other by a single bond, Ar6 and Ar7 are the same and both are phenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2-naphthyl, 3-benzothiophenyl, phenanthrenyl, 9,9-dihexylfluorenyl, pyrenyl, 9-phenylcarbazolyl, 4-cyanophenyl or 7-(4\u2032-cyanophenyl)-9,9-dihexylfluorenyl, and each of m, n, p, r, s, x and y is 1.
17. A thin film comprising a compound according to claim 1.
18. (canceled)
19. The thin film of claim 17 wherein the thin film further comprises a host material.
20. The thin film of claim 19 wherein the host material comprises poly(9-vinylcarbazole), 4,4\u2032-N,N\u2032-dicarbazole-biphenyl, 4,4\u2032,4\u2033-tri(N-carbazole)triphenylamine, N,N\u2032-diphenyl-N,N\u2032-bis(3-methylphenyl)(1,1\u2032-biphenyl)-4,4\u2032-diamine, N,N\u2032-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N\u2032-diphenyl-1,1\u2033-biphenyl-4,4\u2032-diamine, 4,4\u2032,4\u2033-tris(N,N-diphenyl-amino) triphenylamine, 1,3,5-tris(diphenylamino)benzene, 1,3,5-tris(4-(di-2-pyridylamino)phenyl)benzene, TTBND, PPD, PTDATA, BFA-1T, p-dmDPS, p-DPA-TDAB, MTBDAB, spiro-mTTB, DBC, poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene) derivatives, polyfluorene derivatives, 3-phenyl-4(1\u2032napthyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole, 2-(4-biphenyl)-5(4-tertbutyl-phenyl)-1,3,4,oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole,2,2\u2032-(1,3-phenylene)bis5-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl, poly2-(6-cyano-6-methyl)heptyloxy-1,4-phenylene, AlOq, Alq(Clq)2, Al(Saph-q), Al(ODZ)3, Ph2Bq, Zn(BIZ)2, Bepp2, Bebq2, Zn(ODZ)2, spiro-PBD, or BMB-3T.
21. The thin film of claim 17 wherein the compound serves as a host material, the thin film further comprising an organic dye or a phosphorescent emitter.
22. The thin film of claim 21 wherein the organic dye comprises 10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H,11H-1benzo-pyrano6,7,8-ijquinolizin-11-one, 3-(2-benzothiazolyl)-7-(diethylamino)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran (DCJTB), rubrene, 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(p-diphenylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCTP), 3-(dicyanomethylene)-5,5-dimethyl-1-(4-dimethylamino)styrylcyclohexene (DCDDC), 6-methyl-3-3-(1,1,6,6-tetramethyl-10-oxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,4H,10H-11-oxa-3a-azabenzode-anthracen-9-yl)acryloylpyran-2,4-dione (AAAP), 6,13-diphenylpentacene (DPP) and 3-(N-phenyl-N-p-tolylamino)-9-(N-p-styrylphenyl-N-p-tolylamino)perylene (PPA)(PSA)Pe-1, or 1,1\u2032-dicyano-substituted bis-styrylnaphthalene derivative (BSN).
23. The thin film of claim 21 wherein the phosphorescent emitters comprises PtOEP or Ir(ppy)3.
24. The thin film of claim 17 prepared by solution coating.
25. (canceled)
26. A device comprising an anode, a cathode and a compound of formula (I) disposed between the anode and the cathode, formula (I) being:
wherein:
each of Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl and at least one of Ar2 and Ar3 is independently substituted with one or more electron withdrawing substituents;
each of Ar4 and Ar5 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl;
each of Ar6 and Ar7 is independently arylene; heteroarylene; arylene vinylene; heteroarylene vinylene; arylene ethynylene; or heteroarylene ethynylene, optionally substituted with one or more of branched or unbranched alkyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkyl, branched or unbranched alkenyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkenyl, branched or unbranched alkynyl, branched or unbranched heteroalkynyl, branched or unbranched alkoxy, aryl and heteroaryl and at least one of Ar6 and Ar7 is an electron withdrawing Ar group, is substituted with one or more electron withdrawing substituents, or is both; and
each of m, n, p, r, s, x and y is independently an integer from 1 to 20.
27. The device of claim 26 comprising an emissive layer wherein said emissive layer comprises the compound of formula (I).
28. The device of claim 27 further comprising a hole transporting layer disposed between the emissive layer and the anode.
29. The device of claim 28 wherein the hole transporting layer comprises polyaniline or a mixture of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(styrenesulfonic acid).
30. The device of claim 27 further comprising a hole injecting layer disposed between the anode and the hole transporting layer.
31. The device of claim 30 wherein the hole injecting layer comprises 4,4\u2032-N,N\u2032-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP), 4,4\u2032,4\u2033-tri(N-carbazole)triphenylamine (TCTA), N,N\u2032-diphenyl-N,N\u2032-bis(3-methylphenyl)(1,1\u2032-biphenyl)-4,4\u2032-diamine (TPD), N,N\u2032-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N\u2032-diphenyl-1,1\u2033-biphenyl-4,4\u2032-diamine (NPB), TDATA, TDAB, TDAPB, TTBND, PPD, PTDATA, BFA-1T, p-dmDPS, p-DPA-TDAB, MTBDAB, spiro-mTTB, DBC, poly(1,4-phenylenevinylene) or polyfluorene.
32. The device of claim 27 further comprising an electron transporting layer disposed between the emissive layer and the cathode.
33. The device of claim 32 wherein the electron transporting layer comprises aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline), 2-(4-biphenyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 2,2\u2032,2\u2033-(1,3,5-benzenetriyl)tris-1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole, 3-phenyl-4(1\u2032napthyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), 1,3,4-oxadiazole,2,2\u2032-(1,3-phenylene)bis5-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl (OXD-7) or poly2-(6-cyano-6-methyl)heptyloxy-1,4-phenylene(CNPP), or AlOq, Alq(Clq)2, Al(Saph-q), Al(ODZ)3, Ph2Bq, Zn(BIZ)2, Bepp2, Bebq2, Zn(ODZ)2, spiro-PBD, or BMB-3T.
34. The device of claim 27 further comprising a hole blocking layer disposed between the emissive layer and the cathode.
35. The device of claim 34 wherein the hole blocking layer comprises 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline or 1,3,5-tris(phenyl-2-benzimidazolyl)benzene.
36. The device of claim 27 further comprising an electron injecting layer disposed immediately adjacent to the cathode, between the cathode and the emissive layer.
37. The device of claim 36 wherein the electron injecting layer comprises lithium fluoride or lithium fluoridealuminium.
38. The device of claim 26 further comprising a hole injecting layer disposed adjacent to the anode, a hole transporting layer disposed adjacent to the hole injecting layer, an emissive layer disposed between the hole transporting layer and the cathode, an electron transporting layer disposed between the emissive layer and the cathode, a hole blocking layer disposed between the electron transporting layer and the cathode, and an electron injecting layer disposed between the hole blocking layer and the cathode, wherein at least one of the hole transporting layer, the emissive layer, or the electron transporting layer comprises the compound of formula (I).
39. (canceled)
40. (canceled)
41. (canceled)
42. (canceled)
43. (canceled)
44. (canceled)
45. The device of claim 26 further comprising a hole transporting layer disposed adjacent to the anode, an emissive layer disposed between the hole transporting layer and the cathode, and an electron transporting layer disposed between the emissive layer and the cathode, wherein at least one of the hole transporting layer, the emissive layer, or the electron transporting layer comprises the compound of formula (I).
46. The device of claim 26, wherein the compound of formula (I) is contained within a thin film.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A shield apparatus in combination with a cutting mechanism of a power vegetation trimmer for preventing or at least minimizing contact between vegetative matter and a rotating output shaft of the vegetation trimmer, the cutting mechanism of a type comprising a cutting element location disposed along a transverse axis for positioning of a cutting element, the shield apparatus comprising:
(a) a first lateral wall coaxially disposed about a central axis and comprising a radial dimension relative to the central axis;
(b) a first transverse shield wall transversely disposed relative to the central axis and adjoining the first lateral wall wherein the first lateral wall extends from the first transverse shield wall in a first direction toward the transverse axis and terminates above the transverse axis of the cutting mechanism, the first transverse shield wall comprising a first aperture coaxially disposed about the central axis to permit extension of the output shaft therethrough, wherein the first lateral wall and the first transverse shield wall define a first interior and at least partially overlaps at least a portion of the cutting mechanism within the first interior above the external cutting element location;
(c) a second lateral wall coaxially disposed about the central axis on an outer side of the tirst transverse shield wall opposite to the first interior and extending away from the first transverse shield wall in a second direction substantially opposite the first direction, the second lateral wall comprising a second radial dimension relative to the central axis less than the first radial dimension and defining a second interior of the shield at least partially overlapping at least a portion of a head member from which the output shaft can extend;
(d) a second transverse shield wall transversely disposed in relation to the central axis and adjoining the second lateral wall, the second transverse shield wall attached to the outer side of the first transverse shield wall and having a second aperture coaxially disposed about the central axis in general alignment with the first aperture of the first transverse shield wall; and
(e) an adapter member for mounting to the output shaft of a vegetation trimmer for rotation therewith and for mounting the shield apparatus in non-contacting relation to the output shaft, the adapter member comprising a hollow cylindrical portion extending through the first and second apertures, a first annular adapter plate coaxially disposed around the hollow cylindrical portion and disposed in the first interior adjacent to the first transverse shield wall, and a second annular adapter plate coaxially disposed around the hollow cylindrical portion and disposed in the second interior adjacent to the second transverse shield wall.
2. A shield apparatus in combination with a cutting mechanism of a power vegetation trimmer for preventing or at least minimizing contact between vegetative matter and a rotating output shaft of the vegetation trimmer, the cutting mechanism of a type comprising a cutting element location disposed along a transverse axis for positioning of a cutting element, the shield apparatus comprising:
(a) a first lateral wall coaxially disposed about a central axis and comprising a radial dimension relative to the central axis;
(b) a first transverse shield wall transversely disposed relative to the central axis and adjoining the first lateral wall wherein the first lateral wall extends from the first transverse shield wall in a first direction toward the transverse axis and terminates above the transverse axis of the cutting mechanism, the first transverse shield wall comprising a first aperture coaxially disposed about the central axis to permit extension of the output shaft therethrough, wherein the first lateral wall and the first transverse shield wall define a first interior and at least partially overlaps at least a portion of the cutting mechanism within the first interior above the external cutting element location;
(c) a second lateral wall coaxially disposed about the central axis on an outer side of the first transverse shield wall opposite to the first interior and extending away from the first transverse shield wall in a second direction substantially opposite the first direction, the second lateral wall comprising a second radial dimension relative to the central axis less than the first radial dimension and defining a second interior of the shield at least partially overlapping at least a portion of a head member from which the output shaft can extend;
(d) a hollow cylindrical portion disposed in the second interior in alignment with the first aperture for attachment to the output shaft of a vegetation trimmer and for mounting the shield apparatus coaxially about the output shaft; and
(e) a coaxial adapter wall coaxially disposed around the cylindrical portion.
3. A shield apparatus in combination with a cutting mechanism of a power vegetation trimmer for preventing or at least minimizing contact between vegetative matter and a rotating output shaft of the vegetation trimmer, the cutting mechanism of a type comprising a cutting element location disposed along a transverse axis for positioning of a cutting element, the shield apparatus comprising:
(a) a first lateral wall coaxially disposed about a central axis and comprising a radial dimension relative to the central axis;
(b) a first transverse shield wall transversely disposed relative to the central axis and adjoining the first lateral wall wherein the first lateral wall extends from the first transverse shield wall in a first direction toward the transverse axis and terminates above the transverse axis of the cutting mechanism, the first transverse shield wall comprising a first aperture coaxially disposed about the central axis to permit extension of the output shaft therethrough, wherein the first lateral wall and the first transverse shield wall define a first interior and at least partially overlaps at least a portion of the cutting mechanism within the first interior above the external cutting element location;
(c) a second lateral wall coaxially disposed about the central axis on an outer side of the first transverse shield wall opposite to the first interior and extending away from the first transverse shield wall in a second direction substantially opposite the first direction, the second lateral wall comprising a second radial dimension relative to the central axis less than the first radial dimension and defining a second interior of the shield at least partially overlapping at least a portion of a head member from which the output shaft can extend; and
(d) an adapter member for mounting to the output shaft of a vegetation trimmer for rotation therewith and for mounting the shield apparatus in non-contacting relation to the output shaft, the adapter member comprising a hollow cylindrical portion extending through the first aperture, a first annular adapter plate coaxially disposed around the cylindrical portion and disposed in the first interior, and a second annular adapter plate coaxially disposed around the cylindrical portion and disposed in the second interior.