1. A sensor system that comprises a set of sensors for measuring motion of a user’s body, which set of sensors includes one or more gyroscopes and one or more accelerometers, wherein the sensor system is configured:
(a) to make estimations of one or more physiological parameters of a user, based on data from the set of sensors,
(b) to assign different weights to data from different sensors when making the estimations, such that
(i) for at least one estimation, a weight assigned to data from at least one gyroscope is different than a weight assigned to data from at least one accelerometer;
(ii) for at least one estimation, a weight assigned to data from a first sensor located in a first region relative to the user’s body is different than a weight assigned to data from a second sensor located in a second region relative to the user’s body, which first and second regions do not intersect, the first and second sensors being a single type of motion sensor; and
(iii) a weight assigned to data from at least one sensor changes from at least one estimation to another estimation.
2. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to a sensor depends at least in part on whether a user is standing, sitting or lying down.
3. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a specific sensor depends at least in part on periodicity of a signal measured by the specific sensor.
4. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a given sensor depends at least in part on magnitude of the highest magnitude frequency component of the data from the given sensor.
5. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a sensor depends at least in part on identity of the user.
6. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a sensor depends at least in part on physiological gender of the user.
7. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a sensor depends at least in part on age of the user.
8. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a specific weight assigned to data from a sensor depends at least in part on what is being calculated, in a calculation that involves a multiplication of a term by the given weight.
9. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein a weight assigned to data from a particular sensor depends at least in part on magnitude of linear acceleration measured by the particular sensor.
10. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first and second regions are selected from a set of regions that includes (a) a region adjacent to the user’s head, and (b) a region that is adjacent to the user’s wrist and that does not intersect the region adjacent to the user’s head.
11. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the one or more physiological parameters include cardiac pulse rate.
12. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the one or more physiological parameters include respiratory rate.
13. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the one or more physiological parameters include heart rate variability.
14. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein the sensor system is configured:
(a) to make a biometric identification of the identity of the user, based at least in part on measurements taken by the one or more accelerometers and one or more gyroscopes; and
(b) to assign different weights to data from different sensors, when making the biometric identification.
15. The sensor system of claim 14, wherein the sensor system is configured to assign different weights to data from different sensors, such that, when making the biometric identification, a weight assigned to data from at least one gyroscope is different than a weight assigned to data from at least one accelerometer.
16. The sensor system of claim 14, wherein the sensor system is configured to assign different weights to data from different sensors, such that, when making the biometric identification, a weight assigned to data from a sensor (Sensor A) located in a first region relative to the user’s body is different than a weight assigned to data from a sensor (Sensor B) located in a second region relative to the user’s body, which first and second regions do not intersect, Sensor A and Sensor B being a single type of motion sensor.
17. The sensor system of claim 1, wherein:
(a) the sensor system includes one or more optical sensors for measuring light that reflects from or is transmitted through skin; and
(b) the sensor system is configured to assign different weights to data from different sensors when making the estimations, such that for at least one estimation, a weight assigned to data from at least one optical sensor is different than a weight assigned to data from at least one accelerometer or from at least one gyroscope.
18. The sensor system of claim 17, wherein at least one optical sensor is a photoplethysmographic sensor.
19. The sensor system of claim 17, wherein at least one optical sensor is a camera that measures motion of a scene relative to the user.
20. A method comprising, in combination:
(a) a set of sensors measuring motion of a user’s body, which set of sensors includes one or more gyroscopes and one or more accelerometers; and
(b) one or more computers making estimations of one or more physiological parameters of a user, based on data from the set of sensors, such that
(i) for at least one estimation, a weight assigned to data from at least one gyroscope is different than a weight assigned to data from at least one accelerometer; and
(ii) for at least one estimation, a weight assigned to data from a first sensor located in a first region relative to the user’s body is different than a weight assigned to data from a second sensor located in a second region relative to the user’s body, which first and second regions do not intersect, the first and second sensors being a single type of motion sensor; and
(iii) a weight assigned to data from at least one sensor changes over time.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An electrical machine, comprising:
a stator;
a rotor having a hollow shaft configured to have a closed hollow space to accept a fluid; and
two three-dimensional transport structures provided in the closed hollow space to transport the fluid and rotatable about a longitudinal axis of rotation, wherein said three-dimensional transport structures include a first three-dimensional transport structure and a second three-dimensional transport structure and constructed so that due to their rotation in a specified direction said first three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a first aggregate state close to the axis of rotation in a specified direction along the axis of rotation and said second three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a second aggregate state remote from the axis of rotation, in an opposite direction, wherein said first and second three-dimensional transport structures are located radially one inside the other and extend substantially over the same length in the axial direction, wherein the first three-dimensional transport structure and the second three-dimensional transport structure correspondingly have a first plurality of vanes assuming a first vane position to transport the fluid in the first aggregate state in the specified direction and a second plurality of vanes assuming a second vane position to transport the fluid in the second aggregate state in the opposite direction.
2. An electrical machine, comprising:
a stator;
a rotor having a hollow shaft configured to have a dosed hollow space to accept a fluid; and
two three-dimensional transport structures provided in the closed hollow space to transport the fluid and rotatable about a longitudinal axis of rotation, wherein said three-dimensional transport structures include a first three-dimensional transport structure and a second three-dimensional transport structure and constructed so that due to their rotation in a specified direction said first three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a first aggregate state close to the axis of rotation in a specified direction along the axis of rotation and said second three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a second aggregate state remote from the axis of rotation, in an opposite direction, wherein said first and second three-dimensional transport structures are located radially one inside the other and extend substantially over the same length in the axial direction, wherein the first three-dimensional transport structure and the second three-dimensional transport structure correspondingly have a first helical structure having a first coiling direction to transport the fluid in the first aggregate state in the specified direction and a second helical structure having a second coiling direction to transport the fluid in the second aggregate state in the opposite direction.
3. The electrical machine of claim 1, wherein each of the three-dimensional transport structures is a member selected from the group consisting of a microscale structure, a nozzle-type grating structure, an open pore foam structure, and a spiral-shaped channel structure.
4. A method for the manufacture of three-dimensional transport structures to transport a fluid of a thermosiphon of an electrical machine, comprising an additive material coating step to form the two three-dimensional transport structures including a first three-dimensional transport structure and a second three-dimensional transport structure rotatable about longitudinal axis of rotation and constructed so that due to their rotation in a specified direction of rotation said first three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a first aggregate state close to the axis of rotation in a specified direction along the axis of rotation and said second three-dimensional transport structure transports the fluid in a second aggregate state remote from the axis of rotation, in an opposite direction, and wherein said first and second three-dimensional transport structures are located radially one inside the other and extend substantially over the same length in an axial direction, wherein the first three-dimensional transport structure and the second three-dimensional transport structure correspondingly have a first plurality of vanes assuming a first vane position to transport the fluid in a first aggregate state in the specified direction and a second plurality of vanes assuming a second vane position to transport the fluid in a second aggregate state in the opposite direction, or have a first helical structure having a first coiling direction to transport the fluid in the specified direction and a second helical structure having a second coiling direction to transport the same another fluid in the opposite direction.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the material is a metallic material.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the additive material coating step is executed by a beam-based powder bed process.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the additive material coating step is executed by a selective laser melting to be employed.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the additive material coating step is executed on a shaft of an electrical machine.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the additive material coating step is executed in a hollow space of the shaft.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the additive material coating step is executed on a body provided for introduction into a hollow shaft of an electrical machine.
11. The electrical machine of claim 1, further comprising a filler provided in the hollow space of the hollow shaft and including the first and second three-dimensional transport structures.
12. The electrical machine of claim 1, wherein the hollow shaft includes the first and second three-dimensional transport structures.
13. The electrical machine of claim 1, further comprising a filler provided in the hollow space of the hollow shaft, wherein the hollow shaft includes the first three-dimensional transport structure, and the filler includes the second three-dimensional transport structure.
14. The electrical machine of claim 2, wherein each of the first and second helical structures is a member selected from the group consisting of a screw-type structure and a worm-type structure.
15. The electrical machine of claim 2, wherein each of the three-dimensional transport structures is a member selected from the group consisting of a microscale structure, a nozzle-type grating structure, an open pore foam structure, and a spiral-shaped channel structure.
16. The electrical machine of claim 2, wherein the hollow shaft includes the first and second three-dimensional transport structures.
17. The electrical machine of claim 2, further comprising a filler provided in the hollow space of the hollow shaft, wherein the hollow shaft includes the first three-dimensional transport structure, and the filler includes the second three-dimensional transport structure.