1. An apparatus for water treatment based on the use of ozone gas to remove and break down volatile organic compounds such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons that are volatilized from atomized water droplets in a vessel, tank, column or other container type after pressurized water is introduced to said relatively lower pressured receptacle containing ozone through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device.
2. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1, whereby water is treated in a continuous flow mode of operation.
3. An in-line water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby water undergoing treatment is pumped into an elongated device with the open end of the elongated device being at the upstream side, and whereby said device has multiple perforations or nozzles causing the water undergoing treatment to atomize and be pushed into a reaction chamber that is the space between the elongated device and the enclosing chamber’s inner wall, this chamber being filled with continually replenished ozone-containing gas and exhausted while the treated water drains or under pressure evacuates the reaction chamber and continues along an effluent pipe.
4. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby to increase efficiency, fresh ozone is introduced where the atomized water droplets are smallest, shortly following formation.
5. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby sensors, automated valves and logic controllers are employed to detect ozone concentration and hydrocarbon concentrations and adjust ozone flow rate and concentration and influent water flow rate to increase efficiency of ozone usage and percentage of volatile organic compounds destroyed.
6. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby pressurized water is introduced to the receptacle containing ozone through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device that is directed upward in a reactor vessel.
7. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby pressurized water is introduced to the receptacle containing ozone through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device that is directed downward in a reactor vessel.
8. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, which is preceded by a pre-filter to remove solids from water and whereby ozone is periodically channeled to said pre-filter and associated piping to sanitize equipment and remove slime building up as a maintenance procedure to prevent or control bio-fouling of the pre-filter.
9. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 2, whereby water cascades down a chute imposing sudden changes of flow velocity such as the end of the chute being upturned causing the atomization of the water; the space immediately over the chute is enclosed and maintained with ozone for a continuous mode of operation.
10. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1, whereby water is treated in a batch treatment mode of operation.
11. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 10, whereby to increase efficiency, fresh ozone is introduced where the atomized particles are smallest, shortly following formation.
12. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1 and claim 10, whereby pressurized water is introduced to the receptacle containing ozone through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device that is directed upward in a reactor vessel.
13. A water treatment apparatus, including all embodiments of claim 1 and claim 10, whereby pressurized water is introduced to the receptacle containing ozone through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device that is directed downward in a reactor vessel.
14. A water treatment apparatus, including embodiments of claim 1 and claim 10, which is preceded by a pre-filter to remove solids from water and whereby ozone is periodically channeled to said pre-filter and associated piping to sanitize equipment and remove slime building up as a maintenance procedure to prevent or control bio-fouling of the pre-filter.
15. A water treatment process based on the use of ozone gas to remove and break down volatile organic compounds such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons that are volatilized from atomized water droplets in a vessel, tank, column or other container type after pressurized water is introduced to said receptacle containing ozone which is at a lower relative pressure through a spray nozzle or other atomizing device.
16. A water treatment process, including all embodiments of claim 15, whereby water is treated in a continuous flow mode of operation.
17. A water treatment process, including embodiments of claim 15 and claim 16, whereby to increase efficiency, fresh ozone is introduced where the atomized water droplets are smallest, shortly following formation.
18. A water treatment process, including all embodiments of claim 15, whereby water is treated in a batch treatment mode of operation.
19. A water treatment process, including embodiments of claim 15 and claim 18, whereby to increase efficiency, fresh ozone is introduced where the atomized water droplets are smallest, shortly following formation.
20. A water treatment process, including embodiments of claims 15 and 16 whereby the pressure differential between the ozone gas and the atomized water in the reaction chamber is increased intermittently by means of a piston, diaphragm, intermittent gas withdrawal or other mechanism as achieved by past practices or state of the art technologies not specific to this invention.
21. An exhaust air, such as that emanating from a sub-slab depressurization or soil vapor extraction system, treatment process based on the use of ozone gas to break down and thereby remove volatile organic compounds such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons and other chemical pollutants in the exhaust air, followed as needed by one or more activated carbon treatment units in a continuous mode of operation.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1) A pressing iron having a water reservoir (3) provided with a filling opening (5) located on the rear face of the iron so that filling of the reservoir (3) is carried out by holding the iron rocked forwards, the reservoir having a vent circuit presenting an end opening at the rear part of the reservoir (3) and an end, in contact with the surrounding air, located in the upper front part of the iron, characterized in that said vent circuit comprises a pipe (12) of small cross section which opens in the upper rear part of the reservoir (3) and is prolonged by a hollow end element (15), of larger cross section, extending downwardly and having an opening (15a) in its lower part.
2) The iron according to claim 1, characterized in that the end element (15) has the form of a bell widening from the top to the bottom.
3) The iron according to claim 2, characterized in that the vent circuit has a buffer chamber (13) interposed between the pipe (12) and the end of the vent circuit in communication with the surrounding air, said buffer chamber (13) being placed in the upper front part of the body of the iron in order to be above the maximum water level in the reservoir (3) when the iron rests horizontally.
4) The iron according to claim 3, characterized in that the volume of the buffer chamber (13) corresponds substantially to the volume of the pipe (12) extending between the buffer chamber (13) and the bell (15).
5) The iron according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling opening (5) of the reservoir (3) is prolonged to the interior of the reservoir by a sleeve (5a) providing in the reservoir (3), outside the sleeve (5a), a reserve of air during filling of the reservoir.
6) The iron according to claim 2, characterized in that the bell (15) is placed in the reserve of air provided at both sides of the sleeve.
7) The iron according to claim 5, characterized in that said reservoir (3) is in communication with a drip device plug (7) feeding a steam chamber (10), said plug (7) being fed by a channel (8) whose rear end (8a) emerges inside the reservoir (3) at the level of the lower rear part of the reservoir (3).
8) The iron according to claim 7, characterized in that said rear end (8a) of the channel (8) emerges into the air reserve provided at both sides of the sleeve (5a).
9) The iron according to claim 1, characterized in that the vent circuit has a buffer chamber (13) interposed between the pipe (12) and the end of the vent circuit in communication with the surrounding air, said buffer chamber (13) being placed in the upper front part of the body of the iron in order to be above the maximum water level in the reservoir (3) when the iron rests horizontally.
10) The iron according to claim 1, characterized in that said reservoir (3) is in communication with a drip device plug (7) feeding a steam chamber (10), said plug (7) being fed by a channel (8) whose rear end (8a) emerges inside the reservoir (3) at the level of the lower rear part of the reservoir (3).