1. A humidifying medium comprising a corrugated board and a linerboard coupled to one or both sides of the corrugated board, the corrugated board and the linerboard having different average pore diameters.
2. The humidifying medium of claim 1, wherein the average pore diameter of the linerboard is larger than that of the corrugated board.
3. The humidifying medium of claim 2, wherein the average pore diameter of the linerboard is 3\u02dc6 times larger than that of the corrugated board.
4. The humidifying medium of claim 1, wherein the linerboard or the corrugated board comprises ceramic paper or glass paper.
5. (canceled)
6. The humidifying medium of claim 1, wherein the humidifying medium is wound to have a honeycomb structure.
7. The humidifying medium of claim 1, wherein the humidifying medium is coated with an inorganic material or organic material comprising a disinfectant material or an antibacterial material.
8. (canceled)
9. The humidifying medium of claim 1, wherein the humidifying medium is coated with TiO2 and alumina.
10. A humidifying medium wherein a linerboard having an average pore diameter of 35\u02dc50 \u03bcm is coupled to one or both sides of a corrugated board having an average pore diameter of 8\u02dc10 \u03bcm.
11. The humidifying medium of claim 10, wherein the linerboard or the corrugated board comprises ceramic paper or glass paper.
12. (canceled)
13. The humidifying medium of claim 10, wherein the humidifying medium is wound to have a honeycomb structure.
14. The humidifying medium of claim 10, wherein the humidifying medium is coated with an inorganic material or organic material comprising a disinfectant material or an antibacterial material.
15. (canceled)
16. The humidifying medium of claim 10, wherein the humidifying medium is coated with TiO2 and alumina.
17. A method of manufacturing a humidifying medium, comprising:
preparing a linerboard and a corrugated board having different average pore diameters; and
coupling the linerboard to one or both sides of the corrugated board.
18. The method of claim 17, further comprising: winding the humidifying medium to have a honeycomb structure.
19. The method of claim 17, further comprising: coating the humidifying medium with an inorganic material or organic material comprising a disinfectant material or an antibacterial material.
20. (canceled)
21. The method of claim 17, wherein the manufactured humidifying medium is dipped into slurry that contains 100 parts by weight of water, 5\u02dc15 parts by weight of ethanol, 1\u02dc5 parts by weight of TiO2, and 5\u02dc15 parts by weight of alumina sol containing 10\u02dc30% by weight of solid, followed by drying at 100\u02dc150\xb0 C.
22-24. (canceled)
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A liquid crystal alignment solution, comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyamide acid-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (A), a polyimide-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (B) and a polyimide-polyimide polymer represented by formula (C),
wherein
T1 and T2 are each independently a tetravalent organic group;
m<n;
p<q;
r<s;
D1 and D2 are selected from the group consisting of formula (3)-(6) as a first group and formulae (9)-(11) and (15) as a second group, wherein D1 and D2 are selected from different groups,
in the formulae (3) and (4),
R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a monovalent organic group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom;
X is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014 or \u2014SO2\u2014; Y is a divalent organic group, and Y is diphenyl when X is \u2014O\u2014;
a and b are each independently an integer from 0 to 4; and
c and d are each independently an integer from 0 to 3;
in the formulae (5) and (6),
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently a monovalent organic group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom;
X is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014 or \u2014CO\u2014;
Z is a divalent organic group, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014 or \u2014CO\u2014, and Z is benzene ring when X is \u2014O\u2014, Z is not \u2014S\u2014 when X is \u2014S\u2014;
a, b, e and f are each independently an integer from 0 to 4; and
c and d are each independently an integer from 0 to 3;
in the formulae (9)-(11) and (15),
R7 is a monovalent C4-40 alicyclic group or a monovalent C8-20 aliphatic group;
R8, R11, R12, R13, R14 and R15 are each independently a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group;
R9 is a divalent C4-40 alicyclic group;
X\u2032 and Y\u2032 are each independently a divalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014NHCO\u2014 and \u2014CONH\u2014;
A is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014OCO\u2014, \u2014NHCO\u2014 and \u2014CONH\u2014; and
a\u2032 and b\u2032 are each independently an integer larger than or equal to 1.
2. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, wherein p is larger than or equal to 0.2.
3. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, wherein D1 is selected from one of a first group consisting of formulae (3) to (6) and a second group consisting of formulae (9)-(11) and (15), and D2 is selected from the other of the first group and the second group.
4. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, further comprising an organic solvent.
5. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 4, wherein the organic solvent comprises N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, N-Methylcaprolactam, dimethyl sulfoxide, \u03b3-butyrolactone, \u03b3-butyrolactam, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol n-propyl ether and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and a combination thereof.
6. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, further comprising an organic siloxane compound.
7. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 6, wherein the organic siloxane compound comprises aminopropyl-trimethoxy-silane, aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, vinyl-methyl-silane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-methyl-dimethoxy-silane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxy-silane, vinyl-triethoxy-silane, 3-methacryloxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane, 3-epoxypropoxy-propyl-trimethoxy-silane, 3-epoxypropoxy-propyl-methyl-dimethoxy-silane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)-ethyl-trimethoxy-silane, 3-ureido-propyl-trimethoxy-silane, 3-ureido-propyl-triethoxy-silane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane, N-triethoxysilylpropyl-triethylene-triamine, N-trimethoxysilylpropyl-triethylene-triamine, N-bis(oxyethylene)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxy-silane, N-bis(oxyethylene)-3-aminopropyl-triethyl-silane, and a combination thereof.
8. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, further comprising an epoxy compound.
9. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 8, wherein the epoxy compound comprises ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerine diglycidyl ether, 2,2-dibromoneopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, N,N,N\u2032,N\u2032-tetraglycidyl-meta-xylene, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane, N,N,N\u2032,N\u2032-tetraglycidyl-4,4\u2032-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3-(N-propenyl-N-glycidyl)aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, 3-(N,N-diglycidyl)aminobutyl-trimethoxysilane, and a combination thereof.
10. The liquid crystal alignment solution according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal alignment solution comprises a mixture of two polymers selected from the groups of the polyamide acid-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (A), the polyimide-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (B) and the polyimide-polyimide polymer represented by formula (C).
11. A liquid crystal alignment solution, comprising a mixture of two polymers selected from the group consisting of a polyamide acid-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (A), a polyimide-polyamide acid polymer represented by formula (B) and a polyimide-polyimide polymer represented by formula (C),
(A)
wherein
T1 and T2 are each independently a tetravalent organic group;
m<n;
p<q;
r<s;
D1 and D2 are selected from the group consisting of formula (3)-(6) as a first group and formulae (9)-(11) and (15) as a second group, wherein D1 and D2 are selected from different groups,
in the formulae (3) and (4),
R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a monovalent organic group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom;
X is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014 or \u2014SO2\u2014; Y is a divalent organic group, and Y is diphenyl when X is \u2014O\u2014;
a and b are each independently an integer from 0 to 4; and
c and d are each independently an integer from 0 to 3;
in the formulae (5) and (6),
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently a monovalent organic group, a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom;
X is \u2014O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014 or \u2014CO\u2014;
Z is a divalent organic group, \u2014O\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014SO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014 or \u2014CO\u2014, and Z is benzene ring when X is \u2014O\u2014, Z is not \u2014S\u2014 when X is \u2014S\u2014;
a, b, e and f are each independently an integer from 0 to 4; and
c and d are each independently an integer from 0 to 3;
in the formulae (9)-(11) and (15),
R7 is a monovalent C4-40 alicyclic group or a monovalent C8-20 aliphatic group;
R8, R11, R12, R13, R14 and R15 are each independently a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group;
R9 is a divalent C4-40 alicyclic group;
X\u2032 and Y\u2032 are each independently a divalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014OCO\u2014, \u2014NHCO\u2014 and \u2014CONH\u2014;
A is a divalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014OCO\u2014, \u2014NHCO\u2014 and \u2014CONH\u2014; and
a\u2032 and b\u2032 are each independently an integer larger than or equal to 1,
wherein at least one of D1 and D2 in one of the two polymers is selected from the group consisting of above formulae (3)-(6), and at least one of D1 and D2 in another of the two polymers is selected from the group consisting of formulae (9)-(11) and (15) and formulae (7), (8), (12), (13), and (14),
in the formulae (7)-(8) and (12)-(14),
R7 is a monovalent C4-40 alicyclic group or a monovalent C8-20 aliphatic group;
R8 is a halogen atom or a monovalent organic group;
R9 and R10 are each independently a divalent C4-40 alicyclic group;
X\u2032 and Y\u2032 are each independently a divalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014O\u2014, \u2014NH\u2014, \u2014S\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014OCO\u2014, \u2014NHCO\u2014 and \u2014CONH\u2014; and
Z\u2032 is a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of \u2014CF3, \u2014CN, COCH3, \u2014COOH, \u2014NO2, SOCH3, \u2014SO2CH3, \u2014OCF3, \u2014F and \u2014Cl.