1. An antimicrobial composition comprising:
an organic acid; and
an anionic surfactant,
wherein composition is characterized by a LysisDenaturation (LD) ratio greater than 100.
2. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl sulfonates, secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, aryl sulfonates, aryl sulfates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfonates and combinations and salts thereof.
3. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of:
alkali lauryl sulfates, alkali dodecylbenzenesulfonates, alkali octane sulfonates, alkali secondary alkane sulfonates and alkali lauryl ether sulfates and ammonium salts thereof.
4. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein said anionic surfactant is one of: Sodium Octane Sulfonate (SOS), sodium secondary alkane sulfonate (SAS) Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), and Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES).
5. The antimicrobial composition of claim 4, wherein said anionic surfactant is SOS and said composition also includes SLS.
6. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, maleic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, benzoic acid, aspartic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, and combinations thereof.
7. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the organic acid comprises lactic acid.
8. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1, wherein the organic acid and the anionic surfactant are each present in an amount from 0.02 to 30% ww.
9. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1 further comprising an additive.
10. The antimicrobial composition of claim 9, wherein the additive is a viscosity controlling agent selected from hemicellulose, plant gum, cellulose and derivatives thereof; starch and derivatives thereof; microbial polysaccharides, plant polysaccharides, sea-weed polysaccharides; and combinations thereof.
11. The antimicrobial composition of claim 9, wherein the additive is a barrier forming agent selected from latex, arabinoxylanes, glucomannanes, guar gum, gum arabic, johannistree gums, cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose starch, hydroxyethyl starch, xanthan gum, curdlan, pullulan, dextran, chitosan, starch, modified starch, hydrolyzed starch, glycerol, sodium alginate, sodium alginate cross-linked with calcium salt, carrageenan, ethyleneoxidepropylene oxideethyleneoxide block copolymers, high molecular weight polyacrylate, high molecular weight cross-linked polyacrylate, carbomer, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and combinations thereof.
12. The antimicrobial composition of claim 9, wherein the additive is an opacifying agent.
13. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1 having a pH ranging from 2.0 to 8.0.
14. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1 having a dynamic viscosity ranging from 1 cPs to 3000 cPs.
15. The antimicrobial composition of claim 1 in concentrated form such that the composition retains antimicrobial effective amounts when diluted by a volume of diluent not less than an equal volume of the antimicrobial composition in concentrated form.
16. A method for the prophylactic treatment of a lactating animal against mastitis comprising applying to the teats of a lactating animal in need of the prophylactic treatment a composition comprising the antimicrobial composition of claim 1.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the lactating animal is a bovine.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the antimicrobial agents are present in amounts that result in a prophylactic effect against mastitis when the composition is applied topically.
19. A method for controlling bovine mastitis comprising contacting the teats of a cow with a substantially nonirritating teat dip that contains
an organic acid, and
an anionic surfactant, wherein the composition is characterized by a LysisDenaturation (LD) ratio greater than 100.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the anionic surfactant that is used in the step of contacting is selected from the group consisting of:
alkyl sulfonates, secondary alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, aryl sulfonates, aryl sulfates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfonates and alkaline earth and ammonium salts and combinations thereof.
21. The method of claim 19, wherein the anionic surfactant that is used in the step of contacting is selected from the group consisting of:
alkali lauryl sulfates, alkali dodecylbenzenesulfonates, alkali octane sulfonates, alkali secondary alkane sulfonates and alkali lauryl ether sulfates and alkaline earth and ammonium salts thereof.
22. The method of claim 19, wherein said anionic surfactant is Sodium Octane Sulphonate and Sodium Secondary Alkane Sulfonate.
23. The method of claim 19, wherein said anionic surfactant is Sodium Octane Sulphonate (SOS) and said composition also includes Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS).
24. The method of claim 19, wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of lactic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, maleic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, benzoic acid, aspartic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, glutamic acid, adipic acid, and combinations thereof.
25. The method of claim 19, wherein the organic acid comprises lactic acid.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process of preparing copper foil for use in fine geometry circuit boards, comprising the steps of: forming spaced apart islands in the copper foil, with the islands being smaller in dimension than crystals in the foil so that most of the islands are single crystals, and growing the islands out until they meet one another to form a continuous foil having a columnar structure that etches preferentially along the intersections of the islands in directions perpendicular to the surface of the foil thus formed.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the islands are also grown in height to the final thickness of the foil, and the islands do not finish growing out to meet one another before the final thickness of the foil is reached.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein growing of the islands is terminated before the islands have grown completely together at the surface of the foil, leaving indentations in the top surface above the intersections of the islands which further promote etching perpendicular to the top surface of the foil.