Author: claimsbot

1. A method for preparing an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell, the method comprising the steps of:
(S1) evaporating a platinum precursor and an organic precursor for formation of a carbon framework in their evaporators;
(S2) supplying each of the evaporated platinum precursor and organic precursor to a reactor by carrier gas in a non-contact state; and
(S3) heating the reactor, and then maintaining the reactor at a constant temperature to synthesize a platinum-carbon composite having a core-shell structure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the platinum precursor is selected from the group consisting of (trimethyl)methylcyclopentadienyl platinum, platinum(II) acetylactonate, tetrakis(trifluorophosphine) platinum(0), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) platinum(0), platinum(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate, trimethyl(methylcyclopentadienyl) platinum(IV), and (1,5-cyclooctadiene)dimethyl platinum(II).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic precursor for formation of the carbon framework is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone, benzene, toluene and xylene.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic precursor for formation of the carbon framework is methane or acetylene.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier gas is oxygen, hydrogen, argon, helium or nitrogen gas.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaporated precursors in step S2 are maintained at temperatures near the boiling points thereof.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the reactor in step S3 is heated at a temperature of 300\xb0 C. or above.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the platinum precursor and the organic precursor are supplied to the reactor in step S3 in a state in which the ratio of the flow rate of the platinum precursor to the flow rate of the organic precursor is in the range from 0.2 to 10.
9. A method for preparing a fuel cell electrode, the method comprising the steps of:
(S1) placing a support in a reactor;
(S2) evaporating platinum precursor and an organic precursor for formation of a carbon framework in their evaporators;
(S3) supplying each of the evaporated platinum precursor and organic precursor to the reactor, which has the support placed therein, by carrier gas in a non-contact state; and
(S4) heating the reactor, and then maintaining the reactor at a constant temperature to synthesize a platinum-carbon composite supported on the support.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the support is carbon paper.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the platinum precursor is selected from the group consisting of (trimethyl)methylcyclopentadienyl platinum, platinum(II) acetylactonate, tetrakis(trifluorophosphine) platinum(0), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) platinum(0), platinum(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate, trimethyl(methylcyclopentadienyl) platinum(IV), and (1,5-cyclooctadiene)dimethyl platinum(II).
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic precursor for formation of the carbon framework is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone, benzene, toluene and xylene.
13. The method of claim 9, wherein the organic precursor for formation of the carbon framework is methane or acetylene.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the carrier gas is oxygen, hydrogen, argon, helium or nitrogen gas.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the evaporated precursors in step S3 are maintained at temperatures near the boiling points thereof.
16. The method of claim 9, wherein the reactor in step S4 is heated at a temperature of 300\xb0 C. or above.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the platinum precursor and the organic precursor are supplied to the reactor in step S4 in a state in which the ratio of the flow rate of the platinum precursor to the flow rate of the organic precursor is in the range from 0.2 to 10.
18. A fuel cell comprising an anode, a cathode and a polymer electrolyte, each of the anode and the cathode being composed of a support, a diffusion layer and a catalyst layer, which are sequentially stacked in that order, wherein the catalyst layer of at least one of the anode and the cathode is composed of a platinum-carbon composite having a core-shell structure.
19. The fuel cell of claim 18, wherein the platinum-carbon composite having the core-shell structure is prepared by evaporating a platinum precursor and an organic precursor for formation of a carbon framework in their evaporators, supplying each of the evaporated platinum precursor and organic precursor to a reactor by carrier gas in a non-contact state, heating the reactor, and then maintaining the reactor at a constant temperature to synthesize the platinum-carbon composite having the core-shell structure.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of using a soft photopolymer plate in a printing process to decorate an exterior surface of a metallic container, comprising:
providing a first image to be printed onto the exterior surface of the metallic container;
transferring said first image to a predetermined portion of a face portion of the soft photopolymer plate;
removably affixing the soft photopolymer plate with a transferred first image onto a blanket cylinder of a decorator;
attaching printing plates to a plate cylinder of the decorator;
applying ink from an inker to the printing plates;
transferring the ink from the printing plates to at least a portion of the soft photopolymer plate and the transferred first image; and
transferring the ink from the soft photopolymer plate to the exterior surface of the metallic container, wherein the metallic container is decorated with the first image.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein transferring the first image to the predetermined portion of the face portion of the soft photopolymer plate further comprises:
creating a film negative of the first image;
placing the film negative on the predetermined portion of the face portion of the soft photopolymer plate;
exposing the soft photopolymer plate and the film negative to a light source, wherein a material of the soft photopolymer plate hardens in predetermined locations where light passes through the film negative, and wherein the material of the photopolymer plate remains unexposed and soft in predetermined locations where the light is blocked by the film negative;
removing the film negative from the soft photopolymer plate; and
placing the soft photopolymer plate in a washing station and cleaning the soft photopolymer plate to remove the soft, unexposed material of the soft photopolymer plate to reveal the transferred first image.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the light source is an ultraviolet light source.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the soft photopolymer plate and the film negative are exposed to the light source for from about 0.01 minute to about 10 minutes.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the washing station uses at least one of a water and a solvent to clean the soft photopolymer plate.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the printing plates include a second image to be printed onto the exterior surface of the metallic container, and wherein the metallic container is decorated with the first image and the second image.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising etching or engraving the face portion of the soft photopolymer plate to form one or more recessed portions.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft photopolymer plate is comprised of one of elastomers which are cured using a light-catalyzed photopolymerization process, chloroprene crosslinked with trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and styrene-isoprene rubber with a polyacrylate, and wherein after the first image is transferred to the soft photopolymer plate, the soft photopolymer plate has a hardness of between about 40 durometers and about 110 durometers.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the metallic container has a cylindrical shape.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the transferred first image on the soft photopolymer plate has a depth of from about 0.0009 inch to about 0.089 inch.
11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
removably affixing from about 8 to about 12 soft photopolymer plates onto the blanket cylinder, wherein the about 8 to the about 12 soft photopolymer plates each have different images, and wherein ink transferred from the about 8 to the about 12 soft photopolymer plates produces 8 to 12 different images on about 8 to about 12 metallic containers.
12. An apparatus for forming a high-definition lithographic image on an exterior surface of a metallic container, comprising:
at least one plate cylinder with an inker, the inker operable to transfer ink to predetermined portions of one or more printing plates attached to a circumference of the at least one plate cylinder;
a blanket cylinder, the blanket cylinder having one or more soft photopolymer plates affixed to a circumference of the blanket cylinder, the blanket cylinder operable to move the soft photopolymer plates into rotational contact with a printing plate attached to the at least one plate cylinder, wherein ink is transferred from the predetermined portions of the printing plate to at least a portion of the soft photopolymer plates, and wherein the soft photopolymer plates each have an image formed thereon; and
a support cylinder, the support cylinder including a plurality of stations adapted to receive metallic containers, the support cylinder operable to receive the metallic container from a conveyor and move the metallic container into contact with a soft photopolymer plate affixed to the blanket cylinder, wherein ink is transferred from the soft photopolymer plate to the metallic container to form the high-definition lithographic image on the exterior surface of the metallic container.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one plate cylinder and the support cylinder rotate in a first direction, and wherein the blanket cylinder rotates in an opposite second direction.
14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein from about 8 to about 12 soft photopolymer plates are affixed to the circumference of the blanket cylinder.
15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein each of the soft photopolymer plates has a different image formed thereon, and wherein each of the different images are formed by creating a film negative of each different image, placing the film negatives on predetermined portions of the soft photopolymer plates, exposing the soft photopolymer plates and the film negatives to a light source, removing the film negatives from the soft photopolymer plates, and washing the soft photopolymer plates to remove unexposed soft material of the soft photopolymer plates to reveal the different images.
16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein each of the different images are formed in a same location on each of the soft photopolymer plates.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein only one of the printing plates attached to the at least one plate cylinder transfers ink to the different images formed on each of the soft photopolymer plates, and wherein the other printing plates attached to the at least one plate cylinder transfer ink to other predetermined portions of each of the soft photopolymer plates.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the one of the printing plates has an area aligning with and operable to transfer ink to the different images on each of the soft photopolymer plates, wherein the other printing plates have a relief area aligning with the different images on each of the soft photopolymer plates, and wherein the relief area will not transfer ink to the different images.
19. A soft photopolymer plate adapted to form a high-definition lithographic image on an exterior surface of a metallic container in a printing process, the soft photopolymer plate comprising:
a plate body of a predetermined size and hardness, the plate body having a face portion and a back portion, wherein the back portion is adapted to be attached to a blanket cylinder of a decorator;
an image formed on the face portion, wherein the image is formed by creating a film negative of the image, placing the film negative on a predetermined portion of the face portion, exposing the face portion and the film negative to a light source, removing the film negative from the face portion, and cleaning the soft photopolymer plate to remove unexposed soft material from the face portion.
20. The soft photopolymer plate of claim 18, wherein after the image is formed on the face portion, the soft photopolymer plate has a hardness of from about 40 durometers to about 110 durometers, and wherein the plate body is from about 0.04 inch to about 0.1 inch thick.

1. A method for manufacturing sharp spine-shaped projections on ceramic comprising elutriating, kneading, forming a ceramic and decorating the ceramic, wherein the decorating step includes:
forming projections by applying a first soil water on the outside of the half-dried ceramic using a rough brush and forming a plurality of projection roots; and
growing projections by applying a second soil water on a plurality of the projection roots fifty to one hundred times using the brush and letting the projections dry at 15\u02dc20\xb0 C., and 60\u02dc70% of relative humidity for 15\u02dc25 minutes in the shade each time after the application;
wherein the first soil water comprises 79\u02dc84.9% porcelain soil, 15\u02dc20% water and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate, and
the second soil water comprises 69\u02dc79.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein water content of the first soil water is controlled in consideration of the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic, when the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic is fifty to sixty per 5 cm\xd75 cm, the water content is 15%, and when the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic is twenty to thirty per 5 cm\xd75 cm, the water content is 20%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of growing projections is further including a step of controlling water content by applying the second soil water on the projection roots twenty five to fifty times, letting them dry each time after the application, sealing the ceramic with a vinyl cloth wrapper for about 12 hours and conforming water content of the projections to water content of the ceramic body.
4. The method of claim 3, after the step of controlling water content, the second soil water is being applied repeatedly without direction or with a specific direction with controlling its water content, wherein the water content of the second soil water is controlled by starting from 20% by increasing water at a rate of 0.2\u02dc0.4% per application or 2\u02dc4% per 10 applications to 30%, and the specific direction is one selected from directions of upward, downward, right, left, from right upside to left downside, from left downside to right upside, from left upside to right downside, and from right downside to left upside.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein a coloring step is further being included, the coloring step is applying a third soil water onto the top of a plurality of the projections grown by the step of growing projections with the brush and making the projections colored with desired colors, and the third soil water comprises 56\u02dc78.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein a coloring step is further being included, the coloring step is applying a third soil water onto the top of a plurality of the projections grown by the step of growing projections with the brush and making the projections colored with desired colors, and the third soil water comprises 56\u02dc78.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein a coloring step is further being included, the coloring step is applying a third soil water onto the top of a plurality of the projections grown by the step of growing projections with the brush and making the projections colored with desired colors, and the third soil water comprises 56\u02dc78.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein a coloring step is further being included, the coloring step is applying a third soil water onto the top of a plurality of the projections grown by the step of growing projections with the brush and making the projections colored with desired colors, and the third soil water comprises 56\u02dc78.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the porcelain soil in one of the selected soil water from the first to the third soil water is low ferrous porcelain soil for casting.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the porcelain soil in one of the selected soil water from the first to the third soil water is low ferrous porcelain soil for casting.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein the porcelain soil in one of the selected soil water from the first to the third soil water is low ferrous porcelain soil for casting.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the porcelain soil in one of the selected soil water from the first to the third soil water is low ferrous porcelain soil for casting.
13. A method for manufacturing sharp spine-shaped projections on ceramic comprising elutriating, kneading, forming a ceramic and decorating the ceramic, wherein the decorating step includes:
forming projections by applying a first soil water on the outside of the half-dried ceramic using a rough brush and forming a plurality of projection roots; and growing projections by applying a second soil water on a plurality of the projection roots fifty to one hundred times using the brush and letting the projections dry at 15\u02dc20\xb0 C., and 60\u02dc70% of relative humidity for 15\u02dc25 minutes in the shade each time after the application; wherein the first soil water comprises 66\u02dc83.9% porcelain soil, 15\u02dc20% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate, and
the second soil water comprises 56\u02dc78.9% porcelain soil, 20\u02dc30% water, 1\u02dc13% pigment and 0.1\u02dc1% sodium silicate.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein water content of the first soil water is controlled in consideration of the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic, when the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic is fifty to sixty per 5 cm\xd75 cm, the water content is 15%, and when the number of the projection roots to be formed on the outside of the ceramic is twenty to thirty per 5 cm\xd75 cm, the water content is 20%.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of growing projections is further including a step of controlling water content by applying the second soil water on the projection roots twenty five to fifty times, letting them dry each time after the application, sealing the ceramic with a vinyl cloth wrapper for about 12 hours and conforming water content of the projections to water content of the ceramic body.
16. The method of claim 15, after the step of controlling water content, the second soil water is being applied repeatedly without direction or with a specific direction with controlling its water content, wherein the water content of the second soil water is controlled by starting from 20% by increasing water at a rate of 0.2\u02dc0.4% per application or 2\u02dc4% per 10 applications to 30%, and the specific direction is one selected from directions of upward, downward, right, left, from right upside to left downside, from left downside to right upside, from left upside to right downside, and from right downside to left upside.
17. The method of claim 13, wherein the projections have two or more colors by using different color pigments in the second soil water at regular intervals.
18. The method of claim 14, wherein the projections have two or more colors by using different color pigments in the second soil water at regular intervals.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the projections have two or more colors by using different color pigments in the second soil water at regular intervals.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the projections have two or more colors by using different color pigments in the second soil water at regular intervals.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A wireless communication system for providing communication between a vehicle having a plurality of vehicle systems and a plurality of wireless devices operating via a plurality of communication standards, the system comprising:
a receiver configured to receive wireless signals from the plurality of wireless devices, wherein the wireless signals are provided in accordance with the plurality of wireless communication standards and comprise first data; and
a wireless data transfer module coupled to the receiver, the wireless data transfer module configured to support the plurality of wireless communication standards, to decode the wireless signals according to their respective wireless communication standards and to direct the first data of the wireless signals to at least one of the vehicle systems.
2. A system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a transmitter coupled to the wireless data transfer module, the transmitter configured to transmit wireless signals from the vehicle to at least one of the plurality of wireless devices,
wherein the wireless data transfer module receives second data from at least one of the vehicle systems and is further configured to provide the second data in accordance with a wireless communication standard from the plurality of wireless communication standards to the transmitter.
3. A system according to claim 2, wherein the wireless data transfer module is configured to determine a transmission path for the second data received from the vehicle system.
4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the wireless data transfer module determines the transmission path for the data received from the vehicle system based on a type associated with the data and an availability status of the plurality of wireless devices.
5. A system according to claim 2, further comprising a memory coupled to the vehicle systems and the wireless data transfer module and configured to store data from the vehicle systems.
6. A system according to claim 2, wherein the wireless communication standards for the first and second data are different wireless communication standards.
7. A system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless data transfer module comprises a single circuit board.
8. A system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless data transfer module directs data to a corresponding vehicle system via a communication bus.
9. A system according to claim 8, wherein the communication bus is a vehicle bus.
10. A system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless data transfer module is further configured to transfer first or second data between vehicle systems.
11. A system according to claim 1, further comprising a memory device coupled to the wireless data transfer module and configured to store data from the wireless signals.
12. A system according to claim 11, wherein the memory device is one of a hard drive or flash memory.
13. A wireless data transfer module comprising:
an input configured to receive wireless signals from at least one of a plurality of wireless devices, the plurality of wireless devices operating via a plurality of wireless communication standards, wherein the wireless signals are provided in accordance with the plurality of wireless communication standards and comprise data;
a control circuit coupled to the input and configured to support the plurality of wireless communication standards, to decode the wireless signals according to their respective wireless communication standards and to direct the data from the wireless signals to a vehicle system of a plurality of vehicle systems based on the data; and
an output coupled to the control circuit and configured to send the data to the vehicle system.
14. A wireless data transfer module according to claim 13, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine a transmission path for the data based on the vehicle systems in the vehicle.
15. A wireless data transfer module according to claim 13, where the control circuit is configured to determine a transmission path for the data based on a request for data provided by at least one vehicle system.
16. A wireless data transfer module according to claim 13, wherein the control circuit directs data to a corresponding vehicle system via a communication bus.
17. A wireless data transfer module comprising:
an input configured to receive data from at least one vehicle system;
a control circuit coupled to the input and configured to support a plurality of wireless communication standards, to process the data from the plurality of vehicle systems so as to provide the data in accordance with a wireless communication standard from the plurality of wireless communication standards to at least one wireless device; and
an output coupled to the control circuit and configured to communicate the data to the at least one wireless device in accordance with the wireless communication standard.
18. A wireless data transfer module according to claim 17, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine a transmission path for the data from the vehicle system based on at least a type associated with the data and the wireless devices in communication with the vehicle.
19. A method for providing wireless communication in a vehicle, the method comprising:
receiving a first wireless signal from a first wireless device, the first wireless signal provided in accordance with a first wireless communication standard and having data;
receiving a second wireless signal from a second wireless device, the second wireless signal provided in accordance with a second wireless communication standard and having data;
decoding the first and second wireless signals based on the first and second wireless communication standards, respectively, using a wireless data transfer module configured to support at least the first and second wireless communication standards; and
distributing the data from the first and second wireless signals to a first and second vehicle systems, respectively.
20. A method according to claim 19 further comprising:
processing data from the first and second vehicle systems based on the first and second wireless communication standards using the wireless data transfer module configured to support at least the first and second wireless communication standards; and
transmitting the data to the first and second wireless devices in accordance with the first and second wireless communication standards, respectively.
21. A method according to claim 19 further comprising:
storing the decoded data prior to distributing the data to the first and second vehicle systems.