Author: claimsbot

1. A lamp holder, comprising a main body, a switch device and a mounting bracket, and the main body having an axial end for screwing and coupling a light emitting element, and the other axial end with an electrically conductive module installed therein, and the switch device being installed in the main body and operated with the electrically conductive module to jointly control the ON and OFF operation of the light emitting element sequentially, characterized in that the switch device comprises a rotary handle installed at an axial end of the main body and protruded out of the main body, an elastic element, the rotary handle having a transverse groove formed at the bottom thereof and a slot penetrating longitudinally therein for receiving the elastic element, and the mounting bracket being sheathed on the rotary handle and locked with the main body.
2. The lamp holder of claim 1, wherein the rotary handle has an anti-slip surface formed at the top end of the rotary handle to facilitate users to grip and rotate the rotary handle.
3. The lamp holder of claim 1, wherein the rotary handle is comprised of an active rotary handle and a passive rotary handle, and the active rotary handle has a slot formed and penetrating deeply into the bottom of the active rotary handle, and an active ratchet disc formed at an end surface of the active rotary handle; the passive rotary handle is contained in a slot of the active rotary handle, and includes a transverse groove formed at an end of the passive rotary handle and slot penetrated longitudinally and deeply for receiving the elastic element, and other end surface has a passive ratchet disc corresponding to the active ratchet disc of the active rotary handle.
4. The lamp holder of claim 3, wherein the active rotary handle has an anti-slip surface formed at the top end of the active rotary handle to facilitate users to grip and rotate the active rotary handle.
5. The lamp holder of claim 1, wherein the mounting bracket is substantially n-shaped, and has a via hole vertically penetrating through the middle of the top of the mounting bracket, and the external periphery of the via hole has an external thread, a pressing plate extended downwardly and outwardly from both sides of the via hole, a locking hole formed on each of the pressing plates, and provided for passing a fastener to secure the main body.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for organizing computer applications in a three-dimensional perspective, said method comprising:
creating at least one two-dimensional bitmap for at least one computer application;
creating at least one three-dimensional geometry;
mapping bits from said at least one two-dimensional bitmap to said at least one three-dimensional geometry; and
displaying said at least one three-dimensional geometry with said bits mapped thereon.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
issuing a command to said at least one computer application on said three-dimensional geometry via a user-input device; and
translating said command from a coordinate space of said three-dimensional geometry to a coordinate space of said two-dimensional bitmap.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
sending said translated command to said at least one computer application.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
altering the displayed orientation of said three-dimensional geometry from a first orientation to a second orientation in response to a first predetermined input received by a user-input device.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said creating at least one three-dimensional geometry further comprises creating a 3D geometry selected from the group of a cube and a plane-like shaped geometry.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
mapping bits from said at least one bitmap to each respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry such that each of said at least one computer applications occupies a respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry.
7. A method for displaying a user-interface for a software application, comprising:
rendering a two-dimensional bitmap for the software application onto a three-dimensional geometry; and
displaying the rendered three-dimensional geometry.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
issuing a command to said software application on said three-dimensional geometry via a user-input device; and
translating said command from a coordinate space of said three-dimensional geometry to a coordinate space of said two-dimensional bitmap.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
sending said translated command to said at least one computer application.
10. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
altering the displayed orientation of said three-dimensional geometry from a first orientation to a second orientation in response to a first predetermined input received by a user-input device.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein said rendering a two-dimensional bitmap for the software application onto a three-dimensional geometry further comprises rendering said two-dimensional bitmap onto a 3D geometry selected from the group of a cube and a plane-like shaped 3D geometry.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
mapping bits from said two-dimensional bitmap to a respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry such that said software application occupies the respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry.
13. An apparatus, comprising:
a processor capable of running at least one computer application;
a sub-processor capable of creating at least one two-dimensional bitmap for at least one computer application running on said processor, creating at least one three-dimensional geometry, and mapping bits from said at least one two-dimensional bitmap to said at least one three-dimensional geometry; and
a display capable of displaying said at least one three-dimensional geometry with said at least one computer application mapped thereon.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said processor is further capable of:
issuing a command to said at least one computer application on said three-dimensional geometry, and translating said command from a coordinate space of said three-dimensional geometry to a coordinate space of said two-dimensional bitmap.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said processor is further capable of:
sending said command to said at least one computer application corresponding to said computer application displayed on said three-dimensional geometry in which said command was issued to.
16. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a user-input device and wherein said sub-processor is further capable of:
changing the displayed orientation of said three-dimensional geometry in response to a first predetermined input received by said processor via said user-input device.
17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said at least one three-dimensional geometry comprises at least one from the group of a plane-like shaped 3D geometry and a cube-shaped geometry.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said sub-processor is further capable of:
applying bits from said at least one bitmap to each respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry such that each of said at least one computer applications occupies a respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry.
19. An apparatus, comprising:
means for creating at least one two-dimensional bitmap for at least one computer application;
means for creating at least one three-dimensional geometry;
means for mapping bits from said at least one two-dimensional bitmap to said at least one three-dimensional geometry; and
means for displaying said at least one three-dimensional geometry with said bits mapped thereon.
20. A program storage device programmed with instructions that, when executed by a computer, performs the method comprising:
creating at least one two-dimensional bitmap for at least one computer application;
creating at least one three-dimensional geometry;
mapping bits from said at least one two-dimensional bitmap to said at least one three-dimensional geometry; and
displaying said at least one three-dimensional geometry with said bits mapped thereon.
21. The program storage device of claim 20, further comprising:
issuing a command to said at least one computer application on said three-dimensional geometry via a user-input device; and
translating said command from a coordinate space of said three-dimensional geometry to a coordinate space of said two-dimensional bitmap.
22. The program storage device of claim 21, further comprising:
sending said translated command to said at least one computer application.
23. The program storage device of claim 20, further comprising:
altering the displayed orientation of said three-dimensional geometry from a first orientation to a second orientation in response to a first predetermined input received by a user-input device.
24. The program storage device of claim 20, wherein said creating at least one three-dimensional geometry further comprises creating a 3D geometry selected from the group of a cube and a plane-like shaped geometry.
25. The program storage device of claim 24, further comprising:
mapping bits from said at least one bitmap to each respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry such that each of said at least one computer applications occupies a respective surface of said cube-shaped geometry.

1. A method, comprising:
identifying a plurality of candidate locations based at least partially on an initial simulated routing of data traffic in a distributed network;
selecting at least one of the plurality of candidate locations for placement of a Reconfigurable Optical AddDrop Multiplexer (ROADM) based at least partially on a cost; and
simulating rerouting of data traffic in the distributed network including the at least one ROADM at the at least one selected candidate location.
2. The method of claim 1, bather comprising estimating, an expected costs savings as a result of including the at least one ROADM at the at least one selected candidate location.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the candidate locations are selected for placement of ROADMs, and wherein the simulated rerouting of data traffic in the distributed network includes ROADMs at the plurality of selected candidate locations.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial routing of data traffic is simulated based on one or more pre-existing facilities.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial routing of data traffic is simulated based on one or more facilities that are not pre-existing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the plurality of candidate locations based at least partially on the simulated initial routing comprises identifying a fiber span with less than a threshold amount of spare capacity based on the initial simulated routing.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying a plurality of candidate locations based at least partially on the initial simulated routing comprises identifying a fiber span including upgraded optics.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying a plurality of candidate locations based at least partially on the simulated initial routine comprises identifying a fiber span longer than a threshold length.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of candidate locations includes a central office facility.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the candidate locations is coupled to a fiber span with a decibel (dB) margin greater than 11 dB.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the candidate locations is coupled to a fiber span with a decibel (dB) margin greater than 14 dB.
12. A processor-readable medium comprising instructions executable by a processor to:
identify a plurality of candidate locations based at least partially on a simulated routing of data traffic in a distributed data network;
select at least one of the candidate locations for placement of a Reconfigurable Optical AddDrop Multiplexer ROADM); and
store a record of the at least one selected candidate location for use in simulating rerouting of data traffic in the distributed network with the at least one ROADM included at the at least one selected candidate location.
13. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions executable by a processor to estimate an expected cost associated with placing the at least one ROADM at the at least one selected candidate location
14. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions executable by a processor to simulate routing of data traffic on the distributed network.
15. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, wherein available capacity at one or more of the candidate locations is below a threshold value based on the simulated routing of data traffic in the distributed network.
16. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, wherein a fiber span coupled to at least one of the candidate locations exceeds a threshold length based on the simulated routing of data traffic in the distributed network.
17. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions executable by a processor to simulate rerouting the data traffic in the distributed network based on the record of the at least one selected candidate location.
18. The processor-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the at least one selected candidate location includes at least one long-range (LR) optics component in the simulated routing of the data traffic, and wherein the at least one LR optics component is replaced by the at least one ROADM in the simulated rerouting of the data traffic.
19. The processor-readable medium of claim 12, further comprising instructions executable by a processor to:
iteratively, until a termination is reached:
identify additional candidate locations;
select at least one of the additional candidate locations for placement of the ROADM; and
simulate rerouting of data traffic on the distributed network based on placement of the ROADM at the at least one selected additional candidate location.
20. The processor-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the termination is reached when placement of at least one additional ROADM does not result in estimated cost savings.
21. The processor-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the termination is reached when no additional candidate locations are identified.
22. The processor-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the termination is reached when a particular estimated cost savings is achieved.
23. A method, comprising:
generating a representation of a distributed network, wherein the distributed network includes a plurality of fiber optic spans;
simulating routing of data traffic via the distributed network using the representation of the distributed network;
identifying at least one of the plurality of fiber optic spans that exceeds a design threshold;
generating a second representation of the distributed network, wherein the second representation of the distributed network includes at least one Reconfigurable Optical AddDrop Multiplexer (ROADM) coupled to the at least one identified fiber optic span; and
simulating rerouting of data traffic via the distributed network using the second representation of the distributed network.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the design threshold includes a number of available spare fibers.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein the design threshold includes a fiber optic span length.
26. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
identifying at least one second fiber optic span that exceeds a design threshold;
generating a third representation of the distributed network, wherein the third representation of the distributed network includes at least one ROADM coupled to the at least one identified second fiber optic span; and
simulating rerouting of data traffic via the distributed network using the third representation of the distributed network.
27. A distributed network comprising:
at least two Reconfigurable Optical AddDrop Multiplexers (ROADMs);
wherein the distributed network is associated with a representation of the distributed network generated by a method including: simulating routing of data traffic in a distributed network;
identifying a first location for placement of a fist ROADM based at least partially on the simulated routing of the data traffic;
simulating rerouting of data traffic in the distributed network including the first ROADM at the first location; and
identifying a second location for placement of a second ROADM based at least partially on the simulated rerouting of the data traffic.
28. The distributed network of claim 27, wherein identifying the first location for placement of the first ROADM comprises identifying at least one fiber optic span that does not meet a design threshold.
29. The distributed network of claim 27, wherein the representation of the distributed network includes a processor-readable data file.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An electrical connector for connection to an edge of a printed circuit card located in contact with a support which is separate from the electrical connector, the electrical connector comprising:
at least one metal blade for contacting an electrical track located on a second face of a printed circuit card having a first face contacting a support,
at least one securing means for securing the electrical connector on an edge of such a printed circuit card on such a support which is separate from the electrical connector,
wherein said at least one metal blade is for:
exerting a gripping force on such a printed circuit card to keep it in contact with such a support, and
limiting movement of the electrical connector and of such a printed circuit card with respect to such a support in at least one direction perpendicular to the faces of such a printed circuit card.
2. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein said at least one securing means comprises at least one first securing surface for operating in conjunction with a positioning means portion of such a support, said positioning means for preventing movement of the connector with respect to such a support.
3. The electrical connector according to claim 2 wherein a distance separating the metal blade and the first securing surface is greater than a thickness of such a printed circuit card at an edge thereof.
4. The electrical connector according to claim 3 for gripping such a printed circuit card indirectly between the metal blade and said at least first securing surface, when a part of such a support is between the metal blade and said at least first securing surface.
5. The electrical connector according to claim 2 wherein said at least one securing means comprises at least one second securing surface, a distance separating the metal blade and the second securing surface being equal to a thickness of such a printed circuit card at an edge thereof.
6. The electrical connector according to claim 5 for gripping such a printed circuit card directly between the metal blade and said at least second securing surface.
7. The electrical connector according to claim 1 comprising a latching zone for operating in conjunction with at least one latching means portion of such a support, thereby limiting movement of the electrical connector in at least one direction parallel to the faces of such a printed circuit card.
8. The electrical connector according to claim 1 comprising at least two insulating centering fingers located in parallel on each side of said at least one metal blade, each centering finger having a front surface for facing the second face of such a printed circuit card.
9. The electrical connector according to claim 7 wherein the centering fingers have a greater length than that of said at least one metal blade.
10. The electrical connector according to claim 7 wherein the centering fingers comprise an inclined plane at the level of their front surfaces for orientation perpendicular to the faces of such a printed circuit card.
11. The electrical connector according to claim 1 comprising several metal blades, each metal blade for connection to an electrical track of such a printed circuit card.
12. The electrical connector according to claim 11 wherein the metal blades are separated by insulating separating fingers parallel to said blades.
13. The electrical connector according to claim 12 wherein the separating fingers are of shorter length than that of the metal blades.
14. The electrical connector according to claim 1 wherein each metal blade is flexible.
15. The electrical connector according to claim 1 comprising at least one electrical test zone providing access to a non-insulated electrically conductive surface connected to a metal blade.
16. An electrical case comprising:
a printed circuit card connected to at least one electrical connector according to claim 1, said card positioned on a support which is separate from the electrical connector to which it is connected, said support being at least one first internal confinement volume inside the support,
a cover covering the printed circuit card positioned on said support and defining at least one second internal confinement volume between the cover and a second face of said printed circuit card,
wherein the cover comprises an internal positioning periphery cooperating with an external periphery formed by the edge of the printed circuit card and by said at least one electrical connector connected to said edge for reducing fluxes of polluting particles entering the first and second confinement volumes.
17. The electrical case according to claim 16 wherein the cover comprises an internal insulating wall dividing the first internal confinement volume into two internal confinement sub-volumes and for preventing fluxes of polluting particles from passing from a first confinement sub-volume to another confinement sub-volume.
18. The electrical case according to claim 16 wherein the metal blades, the insulating separating fingers and the insulating centering fingers of the electrical connector are inside the same confinement sub-volume.