Author: claimsbot

1. A method implemented in a cloud computing environment comprised of a first storage server and a second storage server, the method comprising:
copying, a virtual logical unit that stores learning metadata, from the first storage server to the second storage server, wherein the learning metadata indicates a type of storage device in which data of the first storage server is stored;
copying logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server; and
using the learning metadata to place a selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, subsequent to the copying of the logical units and subsequent to the copying of the virtual logical unit.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein a copy services command synchronizes the learning metadata across storage servers prior to the copying of the logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the learning metadata additionally indicates how the selected data is physically placed in different storage areas of the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the learning metadata also indicates constraints on read and write access times for the selected data, and wherein while placing the selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, the selected data is also placed in a manner such that the constraints on the read and write access times are satisfied.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein
a synchronous copy services command allows copying of selected logical units from one storage server to another; and
the virtual logical volume that stores the learning metadata is not accessible to customers that store customer data in the first and the second storage servers.
6. A system, comprising:
a cloud computing environment comprising a first storage server and a second storage server, wherein operations performed in the cloud computing environment comprise:
copying, a virtual logical unit that stores learning metadata, from the first storage server to the second storage server, wherein the learning metadata indicates a type of storage device in which data of the first storage server is stored;
copying logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server; and
using the learning metadata to place a selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, subsequent to the copying of the logical units and subsequent to the copying of the virtual logical unit.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein a copy services command synchronizes the learning metadata across storage servers prior to the copying of the logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the learning metadata additionally indicates how the selected data is physically placed in different storage areas of the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the learning metadata also indicates constraints on read and write access times for the selected data, and wherein while placing the selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, the selected data is also placed in a manner such that the constraints on the read and write access times are satisfied.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein
a synchronous copy services command allows copying of selected logical units from one storage server to another; and
the virtual logical volume that stores the learning metadata is not accessible to customers that store customer data in the first and the second storage servers.
11. A computer program product for a cloud computing environment comprised of a first storage server and a second storage server, the computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith, the computer readable program code configured to perform operations that are executed by a processor, the operations comprising:
copying, a virtual logical unit that stores learning metadata, from the first storage server to the second storage server, wherein the learning metadata indicates a type of storage device in which data of the first storage server is stored;
copying logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server; and
using the learning metadata to place a selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, subsequent to the copying of the logical units and subsequent to the copying of the virtual logical unit.
12. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein a copy services command synchronizes the learning metadata across storage servers prior to the copying of the logical units corresponding to the data from the first storage server to the second storage server.
13. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the learning metadata additionally indicates how the selected data is physically placed in different storage areas of the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata.
14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the learning metadata also indicates constraints on read and write access times for the selected data, and wherein while placing the selected data in the type of storage device indicated by the learning metadata, the selected data is also placed in a manner such that the constraints on the read and write access times are satisfied.
15. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein
a synchronous copy services command allows copying of selected logical units from one storage server to another; and
the virtual logical volume that stores the learning metadata is not accessible to customers that store customer data in the first and the second storage servers.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for operating an electrophoretic display apparatus, the electrophoretic display apparatus including:
a first substrate;
a second substrate;
an electrophoretic device being held between the first substrate and the second substrate and containing electrophoretic particles;
a first electrode formed on a surface of the first substrate, the surface facing the electrophoretic device; and
a second electrode formed on a surface of the second substrate, the surface facing the electrophoretic device, the method comprising:
image displaying in which a voltage is applied to the electrophoretic device, the image displaying including
device driving in which the electrophoretic device is driven by inputting a first potential into the first electrode and inputting a second potential into the second electrode, and
accumulated-charge removing in which a potential of the first electrode is changed, from the first potential to the second potential, stepwise or uniformly at a potential change velocity lower than a potential change velocity upon starting of the device driving,

wherein, in the accumulated-charge removing, the potential change velocity for the first electrode is in a region represented by Expression (1) below:
ve\u2266|V1\u2212V2|\u03c4\u2003\u2003(1)
where ve represents the potential change velocity for the first electrode, V1 represents the first potential, V2 represents the second potential, and \u03c4 represents a time constant of the electrophoretic device.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the accumulated-charge removing, the potential change velocity for the first electrode is set to a maximum value of a range in which self-erasing of the electrophoretic device does not occur.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the accumulated-charge removing, driving signals having a waveform for changing the potential of the first electrode at a constant velocity are input into the first electrode.
4. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the electrophoretic display apparatus further includes a transistor on the first substrate, the transistor including a drain terminal connected to the first electrode, and
wherein, in the accumulated-charge removing, selection signals having a waveform for changing the potential of the first electrode at a constant velocity are input into a gate terminal of the transistor.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the image displaying further includes temperature correcting in which the potential change velocity for the first electrode in the accumulated-charge removing is corrected in accordance with environmental temperature, the temperature correcting being performed prior to the accumulated-charge removing.
6. An electrophoretic display apparatus comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate;
an electrophoretic device being held between the first substrate and the second substrate and containing electrophoretic particles;
a first electrode formed on a surface of the first substrate, the surface facing the electrophoretic device;
a second electrode formed on a surface of the second substrate, the surface facing the electrophoretic device; and
a voltage control section that applies a driving voltage to the electrophoretic device,
wherein the voltage control section is configured to drive the electrophoretic device to display an image by conducting
a device driving operation in which the electrophoretic device is driven by inputting a first potential into the first electrode and inputting a second potential into the second electrode, and
an accumulated-charge removing operation in which a potential of the first electrode is changed, from the first potential to the second potential, stepwise or uniformly at a potential change velocity lower than a potential change velocity upon starting of the device driving operation,

wherein, in the accumulated-charge removing operation, the potential change velocity for the first electrode is in a region represented by Expression (1) below:
ve\u2266|V1\u2212V2|\u03c4\u2003\u2003(1)
where ve represents the potential change velocity for the first electrode V1 represents the first potential, V2 represents the second potential, and \u03c4 represents a time constant of the electrophoretic device.
7. An electronic system comprising the electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 6.

1. A system for holding items, comprising:
at least one upright having a series of first engagement devices;
at least one panel assembly, the at least one panel assembly having a panel with at least one receiving structure and at least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of second engagement devices for engaging the first series of engagement devices, the at least one panel assembly further having at least one second receiving structure; and
at least one item holding device for engaging the at least one receiving structure of the at least one panel assembly, the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item; and
wherein the at least one item holding device has an attaching device that extends through one of the second receiving structures of the at least one panel assembly and that engages a respective first channel-associated receiving structure of the at least one reinforcing channel, the respective first and second receiving structures being adjacent one another.
2. A system for holding items, comprising:
at least one upright having a series of first engagement devices;
at least one panel assembly, the at least one panel assembly having a panel with at least one receiving structure and at least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of second engagement devices for engaging the first series of engagement devices; and
at least one item holding device for engaging the at least one receiving structure of the at least one panel assembly, the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item;
wherein the at least one reinforcing channel has a series of first channel-associated receiving structures, and wherein the at least one panel assembly has a series of second receiving structures that align with the series of first channel-associated receiving structures; and
wherein the reinforcing channel has a back side with the series of second engagement devices thereon, a front side with the series of first receiving structures thereon, and at least one side that connects the back side to the front side.
3. A system for holding items, comprising:
at least one upright having a series of mounting projections;
at least one panel assembly comprising a sheet panel comprising individual dimpled perforations and slots and at least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of openings for engaging the series of mounting projections; and
at least one item holding device for engaging either the dimpled perforations or the slots of the at least one panel, the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the at least one reinforcing channel has a series of first receiving structures, and wherein the at least one panel assembly has a series of second receiving structures that align with the series of first receiving structures.
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcing channel has a back side the series of openings therein, a front side with the series of first receiving structures therein, and at least one side that connects the back side to the front side.
6. The system according to claim 4, wherein the first receiving structures are a series of panel slots and wherein the second receiving structures are a series of channel slots.
7. The system according to claim 3, wherein the panel has at least one side edge, and wherein the reinforcing channel is attached to the side edge.
8. The system according to claim 3, wherein the system further comprises at least one support rail having a first end attached to the at least one upright and having a second end opposed from the first end, the at least one support rail extending away from the at least one upright.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the system further comprises at least one outrigger respectively attached to the second end of the at least one support rail.
10. A system for holding items, comprising:
at least one upright having a series of mounting projections;
at least one panel assembly, comprising at least one receiving structure, the at least one panel assembly having a panel and at least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of openings for engaging the series of mounting projections;
at least one item holding device for engaging the at least one receiving structure of the at least one panel assembly, the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item;
wherein the at least one reinforcing channel has a series of first receiving structures, and wherein the at least one panel has a series of second receiving structures that align with the series of first receiving structures; and
wherein the at least one item holding device has an attaching device that extends through one of the second receiving structures of the at least one panel assembly and that engages a respective first receiving structure of the at least one reinforcing channel, the respective first and second receiving structures being adjacent one another.
11. A system for holding items, comprising:
a plurality of uprights, each of the uprights having a series of mounting projections;
at least one panel assembly, the at least one panel assembly having a panel and a least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of openings for engaging the series of mounting projections;
the at least one reinforcing channel having a series of channel slots;
the at least one panel assembly having a series of panel slots that align with the series of channel slots; and
at least one item holding device having an attaching device that extends through a respective panel slot of the series of panel slots of the at least one panel and that engages a respective channel slot of the series of channel slots of the at least one reinforcing channel, the respective panel and the respective channel slot being adjacent one another, and the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item.
12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the reinforcing channel has a back side with the series of openings therein, a front side with the series of channel slots therein, and at least one side that connects the back side to the front side.
13. The system according to claim 11, wherein the panel has at least one side edge, and wherein the reinforcing channel is attached to the side edge.
14. The system according to claim 11, wherein the system further comprises at least one support rail having a first end attached to a respective upright of the plurality of uprights and having a second end opposed from the first end, the support rail extending away from the respective upright.
15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the system further comprises at least one outrigger respectively attached to the second end of the at least one support rail.
16. A system for holding items, comprising:
a plurality of uprights, each of the uprights having a series of mounting projections;
at least one panel assembly, the at least one panel assembly having a panel with first and second edge sides, and having at least first and second reinforcing channels attached to the first and second sides, respectively, of the panel, each of the reinforcing channels having a series of openings for engaging the series of mounting projections on a respective upright of the plurality of uprights;
each of the reinforcing channels having a series of channel slots;
the at least one panel assembly having first and second series of panel slots in areas of the first and second edge sides, respectively, of the panel, the first and second series of panel slots aligning with respective series of channel slots in the first and second reinforcing channels; and
at least one item holding device having an attaching device that extends through a respective panel slot of the series of panel slots of a respective side of the first and second sides of the at least one panel assembly and that engages a respective channel slot of the series of channel slots of the first and second reinforcing channels, the respective panel slot and the respective channel slot being adjacent one another, and the at least one item holding device being usable for holding an item.
17. The system according to claim 16, wherein each of the reinforcing channels has a back side with the series of openings therein, a front side with the series of channel slots therein, and at least one side that connects the back side to the front side.
18. The system according to claim 16, wherein the system further comprises at least one support rail having a first end attached to respective upright of the plurality of uprights and having a second end opposed from the first end, the support rail extending away from the respective upright.
19. The system according to claim 18, wherein the system further comprises at least one outrigger respectively attached to the second end of the at least one support rail.
20. A system for holding items, comprising:
at least one means for supporting having a plurality of means for engaging, formed as individual dimpled perforations and slots;
at least one means for attachment;
at least one means for reinforcing, the means for reinforcing secured to the means for attachment and having a series of second means for engaging, the second means for engaging being engaged with the means for engaging; and
at least one means for holding an item, the at least one means for holding attachable to one or both of the at least one means for attachment and the at least one means for reinforcing.
21. A system for holding items, comprising:
a plurality of uprights, each of the uprights having a bottom end and a top end, and each of the uprights having a series of mounting projections;
a plurality of support rails, at least a respective support rail of the plurality of support rails having a first end attached to a bottom end of a respective upright of the plurality of uprights and having a second end opposed from the first end, the support rail extending away from the respective upright;
a plurality of outriggers, a respective outrigger of the plurality of outriggers having a bottom end and a top end, and at least a bottom end of a respective outrigger attached to the second end of a respective support rail of the plurality of support rails;
at least one panel assembly having a panel and at least one reinforcing channel, the reinforcing channel attached to the panel and having a series of openings for engaging the series of mounting projections;
the at least one reinforcing channel having a series of channel slots;
the at least one panel assembly having a series of panel slots that align with the series of channel slots; and
at least one item holding device having a front edge and a rear edge, the rear edge having an attaching device that extends through a respective panel slot of the series of panel slots of the at least one panel assembly and that engages a respective channel slot of the series of channel slots of the at least one reinforcing channel, the respective panel slot and the respective channel slot being adjacent one another, and the front edge operatively connected to respective outriggers of the plurality of outriggers.
22. The system according to claim 21, wherein the reinforcing channel has a back side with the series of openings therein, a front side with the series of channel slots therein, and at least one side that connects the back side to the front side.
23. The system according to claim 21, wherein the panel has first and second side edges, and wherein first and second reinforcing channels are attached to the first and second side edges, respectively.
24. The system according to claim 21, wherein the system further comprises at least one support bar connected to respective outriggers of the plurality of outriggers, the support bar engaging the front edge of the item holding device.
25. The system according to claim 21, wherein the system is one of a free standing system where the system further comprises means for retaining the uprights in a vertical orientation, and a wall system where the uprights are secured to a wall.
26. The system according to claim 21, wherein the system is a free standing system wherein the system further comprises means for retaining the uprights in a vertical orientation, and wherein the panel assembly is two sided having receiving structures in at least the center area thereof, the receiving structures being on both sides of the panel assembly, and wherein both sides of the panel assembly have panel slots aligned with the reinforcing slots on respective side edges thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. An automatic exposure control device for a camera for measuring subject brightness and controlling size of stop opening prior to a photography, said automatic exposure control device comprising:
a photo diode for measuring subject brightness;
a resistor which is connected to said photo diode in series;
a field effect transistor, having a gate and a source between which a terminal voltage across said resistor is applied, being turned on when said terminal voltage is equal to or more than a threshold level, being turned off when said terminal voltage is under said threshold level;
electromagnetic force generating means controlled for being powered according to a state of said field effect transistor; and
a stop plate for moving to a large stop position or a small stop position according to a state of said electromagnetic force generating means, and for setting said size of said stop opening larger when at said large stop position than when at said small stop position.
2. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said field effect transistor is a metal-oxide semiconductor transistor.
3. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a switch which is turned on by a shutter release operation, wherein said photo diode is driven for photometry when said switch is turned on.
4. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said stop plate has a stop-down opening, said stop-down opening being set on an optical axis at said small stop position, said stop plate being retracted from said optical axis at said large stop position.
5. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 3, wherein said electromagnetic force generating means is a solenoid.
6. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a first transistor which turns to be in a state opposite to said state of said field effect transistor, wherein said solenoid is controlled for being powered according to said state of said first transistor.
7. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a second transistor which turns to be in a state a same as said state of said first transistor, said solenoid being connected to said second transistor in series.
8. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a first capacitor for delaying operation of said first transistor, so as to turn on said first transistor when a predetermined time passes after said switch is turned on.
9. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a latch circuit for keeping said first transistor turned on.
10. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 9, wherein a battery supplies electrical power for driving said photo diode, said field effect transistor, said first transistor and said latch circuit through said switch, and said battery supplies electrical power directly for driving said second transistor and said solenoid.
11. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a second capacitor that is charged while said switch is turned on, said second capacitor supplying electrical power for driving said photo diode, said field effect transistor, said first transistor and said latch circuit after said switch is turned off.
12. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 3, wherein a terminal voltage of a battery for supplying electric power is 1.5V.
13. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a flash circuit, electric power for driving said flash circuit being supplied from said battery.
14. An automatic exposure control device as claimed in claim 13, further comprising a stopping circuit for forcing said flash circuit to stop a charging operation while said switch is turned on.