Author: claimsbot

1. An apparatus for the determination of a condition or state of an object based on quasi-elastic interaction between the object and light transmitted to the object, comprising:
a diffractive optical element being adapted to be illuminated by a incoming light beam, the diffractive optical element comprising a diffracting region defining a diffraction plane, the incoming light beam forming an angle of incidence to a normal of the diffraction plane, the diffracting region comprising
a first diffracting structure for diffraction and focussing of a first light beam to the object, and
a second diffracting structure that is laterally displaced relative to the first diffracting structure for diffraction and focussing of a second light beam to the object, the first and the second light beam being diffracted at a first diffraction angle to a normal of the diffraction plane,

the first and second diffracting structures focussing the first and second light beams in the same focussing plane, said focussing plane being substantially perpendicular to propagation directions of the first and second light beams,
the diffracting region further comprising
a receiving diffracting structure for diffraction of light from the light beams that has interacted with the object, the diffracted light being diffracted in a second diffraction angle to the normal of the diffraction plane,
wherein the size of the angle of incidence of the incoming light beam and the second diffraction angle are substantially equal.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a receiver for collecting and detecting light diffracted from the receiving diffracting structure, and
a processor operatively connected to the receiver for determining the condition or state of the object based on the detected light.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diffracting region comprises additional diffracting structures for diffracting additional light beams to the object, each of the additional light beams being diffracted at the first diffraction angle to a normal of the diffraction plane.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the additional light beams are focused in the same focussing plane as the first and second light beams.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a light source for emission of the incoming light beam.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising means for collimating the emitted light beam.
7. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the light source emits light between 400 and 10600 nm.
8. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the light source is a substantially monochromatic light source.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the light source is a laser.
10. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the light source is a laser diode.
11. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the detector comprises a first and a second light sensitive area.
12. An apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising spatial filters positioned in front of the light sensitive areas of the detector.
13. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the spatial filters positioned in front of the light sensitive areas are pinholes.
14. An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the spatial filters positioned in front of the light sensitive areas comprises two optical fibers connected to the light sensitive areas of the detector.
15. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the detector comprises a single light sensitive area.
16. An apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising a spatial filter positioned in front of the light sensitive area of the detector.
17. A flow sensor for measuring flow velocity of a fluid, the flow sensor comprising an apparatus according to claim 1.
18. A flow sensor according to claim 17, wherein the fluid is a gas.
19. A flow sensor according to claim 17, wherein the fluid is a liquid.
20. A velocity sensor for measuring a surface velocity of an object, the velocity sensor comprising an apparatus according to claim 1.
21. A method for the determination of a condition or state of an object based on quasi-elastic interaction between the object and light transmitted to the object, the method comprising the step of:
providing a diffractive optical element and illuminating said diffractive optical element by a incoming light beam, the diffractive optical element comprising a diffracting region defining a diffraction plane, the incoming light beam forming an angle of incidence to a normal of the diffraction plane, the diffracting region comprising
a first diffracting structure for diffraction and focussing of a first light beam to the object, and
a second diffracting structure that is laterally displaced relative to the first diffracting structure for diffraction and focussing of a second light beam to the object, the first and the second light beam being diffracted at a first diffraction angle to a normal of the diffraction plane,

the first and second diffracting structures focussing the first and second light beams in the same focussing plane, said focussing plane being substantially perpendicular to propagation directions of the first and second light beams,
the diffracting region further comprising
a receiving diffracting structure for diffraction of light from the light beams that has interacted with the object, the diffracted light being diffracted in a second diffraction angle to the normal of the diffraction plane,
wherein the size of the angle of incidence of the incoming light beam and the second diffraction angle are substantially equal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a main field effect transistor (FET) including a source and a gate terminal;
one or more sense FETs, each sense FET including a source and a gate;
a common gate metal electrically connected to the gate of the main FET and the gate of the one or more sense FETs;
an electrical isolation between the main FET and the one or more sense FETs,
wherein the main FET and the one or more sense FETs and the electrical isolation are formed in a common substrate, wherein the one or more sense FETs are built inside an active area of the main FET;
a sense FET source metal electrically connected to the one or more sense FETs; and
a sense pad electrically connected to the sense FET source metal, wherein the sense FET source metal and sense pad extend beyond the active area containing the one or more sense FETs.
2. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sense FETs are located proximate a center of the main FET.
3. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sense FETs are located proximate one or more edges of the main FET.
4. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sense FETs are located proximate one or more corners of the main FET.
5. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the main FET includes a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
6. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the one or more sense FETs comprise a plurality of stripe cells or closed cells.
7. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the main FET and the one or more sense FET have separate source pads.
8. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the electrical isolation comprises a body block andor trench rings formed in the common substrate.
9. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the sense pad does not overly a portion of the active area containing the one or more sense FETs.

1. An optical pickup comprising:
a laser light source for emitting first laser light having a first wavelength as a center wavelength, second laser light having a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength as a center wavelength, and third laser light having a third wavelength longer than the second wavelength as a center wavelength;
an objective lens for focusing the first laser light, the second laser light, and the third laser light onto the optical disc;
a servo mechanism for changing the position of the objective lens;
an optical element disposed on a light path of laser light reflected from an optical disc onto which one of the first laser light, the second laser light, and the third laser light is directed, the optical element astigmatizing the first to third laser lights;
a diffractive optical element for causing one specific laser light or two specific laser lights of the first to third laser lights astigmatized by the optical element to diffract in specific diffraction angles; and
a photodetector for detecting the first diffracted light as a diffracted light of the first laser light that exits the diffractive optical element, the second diffracted light as a diffracted light of the second laser light that exits the diffractive optical element, and the third diffracted light as a diffracted light of the third laser light that exits the diffractive optical element,
wherein the diffractive optical element has:
a first diffractive region and a second diffractive region which are different to each other and are formed by dividing the diffractive optical element by a straight line intersecting at an optical axis of the diffractive optical element; and
the first diffractive region and the second diffractive region are structured so that the +1-order light output from the first diffractive region when laser light is incident on the first diffractive region propagates in a different direction from the +1-order light output from the second diffractive region when the same laser light is incident on the second diffractive region, and the \u22121-order light output from the first diffractive region when laser light is incident on the first diffractive region propagates in a different direction from the \u22121-order light output from the second diffractive region when the same laser light is incident on the second diffractive region.
2. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein
the diffractive optical element outputs, when the first laser light is incident, the first diffracted light, outputs, when the second laser light is incident, the second diffracted light, and outputs, when the third laser light is incident, the third diffracted light, and
the diffractive optical element is structured so that 0-order light is a maximal component of each of the first diffracted light and the second diffracted light and +1-order light or \u22121-order light is a maximal component of the third diffracted light, or so that 0-order light is a maximal component of each of the second diffracted light and the third diffracted light and +1-order light or \u22121-order light is a maximal component of the first diffracted light.
3. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein:
the first laser light is blue laser light;
the second laser light is red laser light; and
the third laser light is infrared laser light.
4. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein:
the first wavelength is 0.405 \u03bcm;
the second wavelength is 0.65 \u03bcm; and
the third wavelength is 0.78 \u03bcm.
5. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein:
the diffractive optical element is divided into four diffraction regions by two straight lines intersecting at the optical axis of the optical means;
said first diffractive region consists of two of the four diffractive regions, disposed in symmetrical positions with respect to said optical axis; and
said second diffractive region consists of another two of the four diffractive regions.
6. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein the optical means has an optical member with a plurality of stepped diffraction grating grooves.
7. The optical pickup of claim 6, wherein the diffraction grating grooves are annular grooves centered on the optical axis of the optical means.
8. The optical pickup of claim 6, wherein the diffraction grating grooves have widths that narrow with increasing distance from the optical axis of the optical means.
9. The optical pickup of claim 6, wherein the diffraction grating grooves have widths and depths selected so that the 0-order light is the maximal component of each of the first diffracted light and the second diffracted light and the +1-order light or the \u22121-order light is the maximal component of the third diffracted light, or so that the 0-order light is the maximal component of each of the second diffracted light and the third diffracted light and the +1-order light or the \u22121-order light is the maximal component of the first diffracted light.
10. The optical pickup of claim 1, wherein the optical means has an optical member with a plurality of blazed diffraction grating grooves.
11. The optical pickup of claim 1, further comprising:
a circuit for sending a signal based on an output of the photodetector to the servo mechanism;
wherein the servo mechanism changes the position of the objective lens on the basis of the output of the photodetector.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A bobbin for a sewing machine, which is rotatably disposed in a rotary shuttle device of the sewing machine to supply an under thread when performing a sewing operation, comprising a winding shaft 10 which is separatably inserted onto a fixing shaft of the rotary shuttle device and on which the under thread is substantially wound, a first flange 12 which is integrally formed at one end of the winding shaft 10, a second flange 14 which is integrally formed at the other end of the winding shaft 10, and a partition flange 16 for forming a first winding portion 18 between the first flange 12 and the partition flange 16 and forming a second winding portion 20 between the second flange 14 and the partition flange 16, characterized in that
a plurality of trough portions 22 and ridge portions 24 are alternately formed at an entire outer circumference of the partition flange 16, each of the trough portions 22 and the ridge portions 24 has the same gradient each other, and a side portion 22a is formed at both sides of each trough portion 22 to prevent the under thread from being previously slipped.
2. The bobbin of claim 1, wherein the partition flange 16 is formed with 6 to 12 trough portions 22 and ridge portions 24.
3. A bobbin for a sewing machine, which is rotatably disposed in a rotary shuttle device of the sewing machine to supply an under thread when performing a sewing operation, comprising a winding shaft 10 which is separatably inserted onto a fixing shaft of the rotary shuttle device and on which the under thread is substantially wound, a first flange 12 which is integrally formed at one end of the winding shaft 10, a second flange 14 which is integrally formed at the other end of the winding shaft 10, and a partition flange 26 for forming a first winding portion 18 between the first flange 12 and the partition flange 26 and forming a second winding portion 20 between the second flange 14 and the partition flange 26, characterized in that
a plurality of saw-toothed protrusions 34 is formed at an entire outer circumference of the partition flange 26, and the protrusions 34 has a linear sidewall 32a that is orientated in a radial direction of the partition flange 26.