Author: claimsbot

1. A method for making a conditioner disk used in a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, comprising:
applying a first layer of at least one binder over a substrate;
disposing a plurality of diamond particles on the first layer of the at least one first binder at a plurality of locations; and
fixing the plurality of diamond particles to the substrate by heating the substrate to a raised temperature and then cooling the substrate,
wherein the plurality of diamond particles disposed over the substrate are configured to provide a working diamond ratio higher than 50% when the conditioner disk is used in a CMP process.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising coating a second layer of at least one second binder, wherein a material of the at least one second binder is the same as the at least one first binder.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second binder layer is heated concurrently while the first binder layer is heated.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first binder layer and the second binder layer are coated through a process selecting from the group consisting of spin coating, dip coating, screen printing, spraying coating and electroplating.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling distribution of the plurality of diamond particles during the steps of heating and cooling the substrate.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first binder is a metal or metal alloy.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the one first binder comprises a metal selected from a group consisting of nickel, titanium, iron and chromium.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first binder is a material comprising a thermosetting polymer which is formed through curing a cross-linkable polymer in a liquid or paste form.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of the diamond particles are of substantially the same particle size as each other.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of the diamond particles are oriented in substantially the same direction as each other.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising masking the substrate after applying the first layer of the at least one first binder at a plurality of locations over the substrate, the first layer of the at least one binder is configured to provide a plurality of exposed portions at the plurality of locations for disposing a plurality of diamond particles.
12. A conditioner disk used in a chemical mechanical process (CMP), comprising:
a substrate;
a first binder layer comprising at least one binder disposed over the substrate; and
a plurality of diamond particles disposed on the first binder layer at a plurality of locations,
wherein the conditioner disk is configured to provide a working diamond ratio higher than 50%.
13. The conditioner disk of claim 12, wherein the at least one first binder is a metal or metal alloy.
14. The conditioner disk of claim 13, wherein the one first binder comprises a metal selected from a group consisting of nickel, titanium, iron and chromium.
15. The conditioner disk of claim 12, wherein the at least one first binder is a material comprising a thermosetting polymer which is formed through curing a cross-linkable polymer in a liquid or paste form.
16. The conditioner disk of claim 12, further comprising a second binder layer comprising at least one second binder.
17. The conditioner disk of claim 16, wherein a material of the at least one second binder layer is the same as the at least one first binder.
18. The conditioner disk of claim 12, wherein the plurality of the diamond particles are of substantially the same particle size.
19. The conditioner disk of claim 12, wherein the plurality of the diamond particles are oriented in substantially the same direction as each other.
20. A method for making a conditioner disk used in a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, comprising:
applying a first layer of at least one binder over a substrate at a plurality of locations, such that the first layer of at least one binder does not completely cover the substrate;
disposing a plurality of diamond particles on the first layer of the at least one first binder at the plurality of locations; and
fixing the plurality of diamond particles to the substrate by heating the substrate to a raised temperature and then cooling the substrate,
wherein the plurality of diamond particles disposed over the substrate are configured to provide a working diamond ratio higher than 50% when the conditioner disk is used in a CMP process.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An ultrasonic Doppler blood flow measuring device, comprising: a velocity calculating unit for calculating a blood flow velocity value of a blood within a subject biological body from a Doppler-shift detected from echo signals of ultrasonic pulses transmitted to said subject biological body; and
a blood flow velocity filter means for performing filter processing of said blood flow velocity value outputted from said velocity calculating unit without being influenced by aliasing, wherein
the blood flow velocity filter means comprises:
a first difference calculating means for subtracting a first blood flow velocity value of a first focus point adjacent to an arbitrary focus point supplied to said blood flow velocity filter means from a blood flow velocity value of said arbitrary focus point supplied to said blood flow velocity filter means and calculating a first difference value thereof;
a second difference calculating means for subtracting said blood flow velocity value of said arbitrary focus point supplied to said blood flow velocity filter means from a second blood flow velocity value of a second focus point adjacent to said arbitrary focus point supplied to said blood flow velocity filter means and calculating a second difference value thereof;
a filter means for performing filter processing on said first and second difference values; and
an addition processing means for adding said blood flow velocity value of said arbitrary focus point to a filter processing result from said filter means,
wherein said filter means comprises:
a first multiplier for multiplying said first difference value by a coefficient;
a second multiplier for multiplying said second difference value by a coefficient; and
an adder for adding outputted data from said first and second multipliers, and

wherein said first and second difference calculating means and said adder perform a fixed decimal point calculation.
2. The ultrasonic Doppler blood flow measuring device according to claim 1, wherein said first focus point, said arbitrary focus point and said second focus point are spatially consecutive.
3. The ultrasonic Doppler blood flow measuring device according to claim 1, wherein said first focus point, said arbitrary focus point and said second focus point are temporally consecutive.

1. A battery comprising:
a main body;
an electrode assembly housed in the main body; anode and cathode terminals that extend from the main body in a first direction,
wherein a cooling hole extends through a pair of opposing sides of the main body, in a second direction different from the first direction;
the electrode assembly comprises a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion is connected to the anode terminal and the second end portion is connected to the cathode terminal; and
the battery further comprises a frame around which the electrode assembly is wound, and compressing members to compress the first end portion and the second end portion against the frame so that the first and second end portions have a more compressed structure than the other portions of the electrode assembly.
2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
3. The battery of claim 1, wherein the cooling hole is rectangular or ovoid in cross-section.
4. The battery of claim 1, wherein the main body is a prismatic or ovoid in cross-section.
5. The battery of claim 1, wherein the frame at least partially defines the cooling hole.
6. The battery of claim 1, wherein the electrode assembly is wound around the frame in a jellyroll shape.
7. The battery of claim 6, wherein:
the electrode assembly comprises an anode uncoated region that corresponds to the first end portion of the electrode assembly, and a cathode uncoated region that corresponds to the second end portion of the electrode assembly;
the anode terminal is electrically connected to the anode uncoated region; and
the cathode terminal is electrically connected to the cathode uncoated region.
8. The battery of claim 7, wherein the compressing members are configured to compress the anode uncoated region and the cathode uncoated region against the frame.
9. The battery of claim 8, further comprising supporting members disposed between the anode uncoated region and the frame, and between the cathode uncoated region and the frame.
10. The battery of claim 8, wherein the anode terminal and the cathode terminal contact corresponding ones of the compressing members.
11. The battery of claim 5, wherein the main body comprises:
a case disposed around the electrode assembly; and
side walls disposed on opposing sides of the case, the side walls having through holes that at lease partially define the cooling hole, wherein the opposing sides of the case correspond to the pair of opposing sides of the main body.
12. A battery pack comprising a plurality of the batteries of claim 1, wherein the batteries are electrically connected and arranged in rows.
13. The battery pack of claim 12, further comprising cooling tubes that extend through the cooling holes of the batteries of each row.
14. The battery pack of claim 12, wherein the batteries are connected to each other in series, in parallel, or in a combination thereof.
15. The battery pack of claim 13, further comprising:
a first common pipe to supply a fluid to first ends of the cooling tubes; and
a second common pipe to receive the fluid from second ends of the cooling tubes.
16. A battery comprising:
a main body;
an electrode assembly housed in the main body, the electrode assembly comprising a first end portion and a second end portion;
anode and cathode terminals that extend from a first surface of the main body, the anode terminal being electrically connected to the first end portion and the cathode terminal being electrically connected to the second end portion,
wherein a cooling hole is formed in a second surface of the main body, the second surface being different from the first surface; and
the battery further comprises a frame around which the electrode assembly is wound, and compressing members to compress the first end portion and the second end portion against the frame.
17. A battery comprising:
a main body;
an electrode assembly housed in the main body; anode and cathode terminals that extend from the main body in a first direction, wherein:
a cooling hole extends through a pair of opposing sides of the main body, in a second direction different from the first direction,
the electrode assembly comprises a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion is connected to the anode terminal and the second end portion is connected to the cathode terminal,
the battery further comprises compressing members to compress the first end portion and the second end portion so that the first and second end portions have a more compressed structure than the other portions of the electrode assembly,
the electrode assembly comprises an anode uncoated region that corresponds to the first end portion of the electrode assembly, and a cathode uncoated region that corresponds to the second end portion of the electrode assembly, and
the compressing members are configured to compress the anode uncoated region and the cathode uncoated region against a frame.
18. The battery of claim 17, further comprising supporting members disposed between the anode uncoated region and the frame, and between the cathode uncoated region and the frame.
19. The battery of claim 17, wherein the anode terminal and the cathode terminal contact corresponding ones of the compressing members.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An apparatus to cleanse data, comprising:
a receiver to collect electronic data to cleanse;
a processor coupled to the receiver, the processor configured to receive the data collected by the receiver;
a memory coupled to the processor, the memory configured to store an application program;
a first interface to an instantiation module, to process data collected by the receiver; and
a second interface to a configuration manager module, the configuration manager module configured to control data structure and rules used by the instantiation module to process data,
wherein the first interface and the second interface are callable from the application program to cleanse the data collected by the receiver.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instantiation module and the configuration manager module are hosted by the apparatus.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the instantiation module and the configuration manager module are hosted externally to the apparatus.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first interface and the second interface comprise a respective application program interface (API).
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a structure manager module coupled to the instantiation module, the structure manager module configured to validate data processed by the instantiation module, by use of self-referential rules.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a rules manager module coupled to the instantiation module, the rules manager module configured to validate data processed by the instantiation module, by use of rules to compare one datum processed by the instantiation module relative to another datum.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the structure manager module and the rules manager module are configurable without change to the application program.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein configuration changes to at least one of the structure manager module and the rules manager module take effect without restarting application program.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein configuration changes to at least one of the structure manager module and the rules manager module are determined algorithmically.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the structure manager module and the rules manager module operate substantially in real time to validate data.
11. A method to cleanse data, comprising:
providing an apparatus comprising a processor coupled to a memory, the memory configured to store an application program;
collecting, by a receiver coupled to a processor, electronic data to cleanse;
processing data collected by the receiver, by use of a first interface to execute an instantiation module by the processor;
controlling data structure and rules used by the instantiation module to process data, by use of a second interface to execute a configuration manager module by the processor;
wherein the first interface and the second interface are callable from the application program to cleanse the data collected by the receiver.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the instantiation module and the configuration manager module are hosted by the apparatus.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein at least one of the instantiation module and the configuration manager module are hosted externally to the apparatus.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first interface and the second interface comprise a respective application program interface (API).
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of processing data collected by the receiver comprises validating data processed by the instantiation module, by use of self-referential rules.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of processing data collected by the receiver further comprises validating data by use of rules to compare one datum relative to another datum.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the self-referential rules and the rules to compare one datum relative to another datum are configurable without change to the application program.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein configuration changes to at least one of the self-referential rules and the rules to compare one datum relative to another datum take effect without restarting application program.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein configuration changes to at least one of the self-referential rules and the rules to compare one datum relative to another datum are determined algorithmically.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of processing data collected by the receiver operates substantially in real time to validate data.