Author: claimsbot

1. A weapon emulator comprising:
a body;
an electro-mechanical actuator coupled to the body;
a firing indicator coupled to the electro-mechanical actuator and designed to move relative to the body when the electro-mechanical actuator is activated.
2. The weapon emulator of claim 1, wherein the electro-mechanical actuator is a solenoid motor.
3. The weapon emulator of claim 2, wherein the solenoid motor comprises multiple stages.
4. The weapon emulator of claim 1, wherein the weapon emulator has the appearance of a firearm.
5. The weapon emulator of claim 4, wherein the firing indicator is a slide.
6. The weapon emulator of claim 5, wherein the electro-mechanical actuator is designed to move the slide at least one inch relative to the body.
7. The weapon emulator of claim 1, further comprising a shell ejection mechanism.
8. The weapon emulator of claim 5, wherein the shell ejection mechanism includes an electro mechanical actuator designed to eject a shell casing.
9. The weapon emulator of claim 1, further comprising a wireless communication interface.
10. The weapon emulator of claim 1, further comprising a barrel tip indicator.
11. The weapon emulator of claim 1, wherein the barrel tip indicator is an LED.
12. The weapon emulator of claim 1, further comprising a trigger wherein movement of the trigger causes the electro-mechanical actuator to activate.
13. A weapon emulator comprising:
a body;
an electro-mechanical actuator coupled to the body;
a firing indicator coupled to the electro-mechanical actuator; and
electronics designed to synchronize the activation of the electro-mechanical actuator with a camera.
14. The weapon emulator of claim 13, further comprising a wireless interface.
15. The weapon emulator of claim 13, wherein the weapon emulator is a gun and the firing indicator is a slide.
16. The weapon emulator of claim 13, wherein the slide is designed to move at least one inch relative to the body.
17. The weapon emulator of claim 13, further comprising a shell ejection mechanism.
18. A method of emulating the visual appearance of a weapon firing comprising the steps of:
receiving a fire signal;
activating an electro-mechanical actuator coupled to a body of a weapon emulator; and
causing a firing indicator coupled to the electro-mechanical actuator to move relative to the body of the weapon emulator.
19. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of sensing the movement of a trigger to create a fire signal.
20. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of causing a barrel tip indicator to illuminate.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An image display apparatus comprising:
an illumination optical system;
a reflective type display device for displaying an image by modulating illumination light from the illumination optical system; and
an eyepiece optical system for directing image light from the reflective type display device to a pupil of a viewer,
the illumination optical system comprising:
a light source for emitting light; and
an optical-path bending member for bending an optical path leading from the light source to the reflective type display device,
wherein the optical-path bending member is so arranged that a ray of light traveling from the light source to the optical-path bending member and a ray of light traveling further on a same optical path as said ray of light from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system cross each other in a medium located outside the eyepiece optical system and having a substantially uniform index of refraction, and a reflection surface of the optical-path bending member and the optical path from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system do not cross each other, the reflection surface being the last reflection surface before the reflective type display device on the same optical path.
2. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medium arranged substantially uniform in the index of refraction is air.
3. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the medium arranged substantially uniform in the index of refraction is an illumination prism whose index of refraction n is defined by 1.4<n<2.0.
4. An image display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the illumination prism has two sides thereof arranged across which the light directed from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system runs in a sequence, and
the two sides are arranged planer and not parallel to each other.
5. An image display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the illumination prism has two sides thereof arranged across which the light directed from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system runs in a sequence, and
at least one of the two sides is arranged arcuate as having an optical power.
6. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical-path bending member is located at the side opposite to the light source about the optical path which extends from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system.
7. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical-path bending member is arranged to bend the optical path, which extends from the light source to the reflective type display device, on the plane arranged parallel to the short side of the reflective type display device and vertical to the screen of the reflective type display device.
8. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the optical-path bending member is a reflective mirror.
9. An image display apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the reflective mirror is of a concave mirror type for reflecting and converging the incoming light.
10. An image display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the concave mirror is a cylindrical concave mirror for reflecting and converging the incoming light on the plane arranged parallel to the short side of the reflective type display device and vertical to the screen of the reflective type display device.
11. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the illumination optical system includes a first polarizer for passing a desired polarized component of the light of which the optical path is bent by the optical-path bending member and directing the same to the reflective type display device, and
the eyepiece optical system includes:
an eyepiece prism for reflecting and advancing the incoming light in its interior; and
a second polarizer for passing, of light incident from the reflective type display device, another polarized component of the light which is orthogonal to the desired polarized component and directing the same to the eyepiece prism.
12. An image display apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first polarizer is provided at the surface with an anti-reflection coating.
13. An image display apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the illumination optical system includes a third polarizer for passing, of the light emitted from the light source, a polarized component of the light which is identical to the desired polarized component passed through the first polarizer and directing the same to the optical-path bending member.
14. An image display apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the third polarizer is located at the light source side about the optical path which extends from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system.
15. An image display apparatus according to claim 13, wherein both the first and third polarizers are arranged to pass a P polarized component of the light.
16. An image display apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the illumination optical system includes a diffuser plate for diffusing the light of which the optical path is bent by the optical-path bending member.
17. An image display apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the diffuser plate and the first polarizer are located in this order from the optical-path bending member side across the optical path between the optical-path bending member and the reflective type display device.
18. An image display apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the diffuser plate is a volume phase type hologram optical element.
19. An image display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the illumination optical system includes a first polarizer for passing a desired polarized component of the light of which the optical path is bent by the optical-path bending member and directing the same to the reflective type display device, and
the first polarizer is bonded to the illumination prism between the illumination prism and the optical-path bending member.
20. An image display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein
the illumination optical system includes a diffuser plate for diffusing the light of which the optical path is bent by the optical-path bending member, and
the diffuser plate is supported by the illumination prism across the first polarizer.
21. An image display apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the optical-path bending member is supported by the illumination prism across the diffuser plate and the first polarizer.
22. An image display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the illumination prism has a side thereof arranged of a planer or cylindrical shape to which the first diffuser is bonded.
23. An image display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein
the eyepiece optical system includes:
an eyepiece prism for reflecting and advancing the incoming light in the its interior; and
a second polarizer for passing, of the light exiting from the reflective type display device, another polarized component of the light which is orthogonal to the desired polarized component and directing the same to the eyepiece prism, the second polarizer located between the illumination prism and the eyepiece prism.
24. An image display apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the second polarizer is bonded the illumination prism.
25. An image display apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the eyepiece prism is supported by the illumination prism across the second polarizer.
26. An image display apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the illumination prism has a side thereof arranged of a planer or cylindrical shape to which the second polarizer is bonded.
27. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
providing a reference axis extending between the center of the screen of the reflective type display device and the center of the pupil across the optical path which extends from the reflective type display device across the eyepiece optical system to the pupil,
the reflective type display device is arranged with its display screen tilting towards the reference axis between the reflective type display device and the eyepiece optical system.
28. An image display apparatus according to claim 27, wherein when the angle of incidence is \u03b8 at which the light of which the optical path is bent by the optical-path bending member enters the reflective type display device, it is defined by 10\xb0<\u03b8<60\xb0.
29. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the light source includes at least one set of point light sources which emit different wavelengths of the light respectively, and
the point light sources are aligned along the direction parallel to the long side of the reflective type display device.
30. An image display apparatus according to claim 29, wherein
the light source includes an even number of sets of the point light sources, and
any two adjacent sets of the point light sources are opposite to each other in the order of the point light sources along the direction parallel to the long side of the reflective type display device.
31. An image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reflective type display device is a reflective type ferroelectric liquid crystal display device.
32. An image display apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the eyepiece optical system includes a reflective type hologram optical element for enlarging the image receive from the reflective type display device and directing the same as a virtual image to the eyes of the viewer.
33. A head-mount display comprising:
an image display apparatus; and
a supporting member for supporting the image display apparatus at the front of a viewer,
the image display apparatus comprising:
an illumination optical system;
a reflective type display device for displaying an image by modulating illumination light from the illumination optical system; and
an eyepiece optical system for directing image light from the reflective type display device to a pupil of a viewer,
the illumination optical system comprising:
a light source for emitting light; and
an optical-path bending member for bending an optical path leading from the light source to the reflective type display device,
wherein the optical-path bending member is so arranged that a ray of light traveling from the light source to the optical-path bending member and a ray of light traveling further on a same optical path as said ray of light from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system cross each other in a medium located outside the eyepiece optical system and having a substantially uniform index of refraction, and a reflection surface of the optical-path bending member and the optical path from the reflective type display device to the eyepiece optical system do not cross each other, the reflection surface being the last reflection surface before the reflective type display device on the same optical path.

1. An optical fiber comprising
a core area having a diameter of at least 10 \u03bcm; and
a cladding layer disposed to surround the core area, wherein the core area is doped in predetermined regions to create an acoustic refractive index profile that excludes thermal phonons from areas occupied by the optical mode and exhibits a negative lens structure that refracts acoustic electrostrictively-generated wave away from the core area occupied by said optical mode and reduces phonon-photon interaction time andor length.
2. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the acoustic refractive index profile is a monotonic profile generated by decreasing dopant concentration toward the center of the core area, the slope of the acoustic refractive index profile sufficient to create the negative acoustic lens structure.
3. The optical fiber as defined in claim 2, wherein the slope of the monotonic acoustic refractive index profile is greater than 0.005\u03bcm.
4. The optical fiber as defined in claim 2, wherein the acoustic index contrast is greater than 0.05.
5. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein a large acoustic index contrast value is achieved with a pedestal optical index profile.
6. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the core area exhibits a diameter greater than approximately 20 \u03bcm.
7. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the doping profile of the optical and acoustic refractive indices are configured to minimize an overlap integral between a forward-directed optical field (photon) and retreating acoustic field (phonon), defined as photon-phonon overlap integral.
8. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the fiber comprises a large mode area (LMA) fiber.
9. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the fiber comprises a higher-order mode (HOM) fiber.
10. The optical fiber as defined in claim 9 wherein the core area is configured to exhibit a profile comprising a central area doped with a first combination of dopant species and at least one ring area doped with a second combination of dopant species, the spacing of the at least one ring controlled to refract the acoustic energy away from the optical mode field.
11. The optical fiber as defined in claim 10 wherein the core area is configured to have a central area doped with the first combination of dopant species and a plurality of ring areas doped with the second combination of dopant species.
12. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the core area comprises
a central core portion; and
a ring core portion surrounding the central core portion and including a dopant species able to simultaneously increase the optical refractive index and decrease the acoustic refractive index.
13. The optical fiber as defined in claim 12 wherein the ring core portion is doped with aluminum.
14. The optical fiber as defined in claim 12 where the width of the ring core portion is selected to remain less than the lifetime of the phonons to refract the acoustic energy out of the optical field.
15. The optical fiber as defined in claim 1 wherein the core area is doped to exhibit a pedestal-like refractive index profile.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber which comprises: initiating a copolymerization reaction in a reaction system comprising a first conjugated diene compound and a first aromatic vinyl compound, optionally adding a second conjugated diene compound and optionally adding a second aromatic vinyl compound to the reaction system during the copolymerization reaction, and completing the copolymerization reaction, and then adding a modifier to the reaction system, wherein a first polyfunctional monomer is added to the reaction system in the course of the reaction at a time when the polymerization conversion rate is 30% -70%.
2. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein the first polyfunctional monomer is continuously added to the reaction system.
3. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein the reaction system futher comprises a second polyfunctional monomer when the copolymerization reaction is initiated.
4. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 3, wherein the first polyfunctional monomer andor the second polyfunctional monomer is divinylbenzene.
5. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 4, wherein the first polyfunctional monomer is divinylbenzene and the amount of divinylbenzene added to the reaction system as the first polyfunctional monomer is is 0.001 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the first conjugated diene compound, second conjugated diene compound, first aromatic vinyl compound, and second aromatic vinyl compound.
6. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 4, wherein the second polyfunctional monomer is divinylbenzene and the amount of divinylbenzene present in the reaction system is greater than 0 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the first conjugated diene compound and first aromatic vinyl compound.
7. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein the modifier is a compound which can react with silica or a mixture of a tin compound and a compound which can react with silica.
8. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 7, wherein the compound which can react with silica is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dibutyldichlorosilicon, methyltrichlorosilicon, methyldichlorosilicon, tetrachlorosilicon, triethoxymethylsiliane, triphenoxymethylsilane, trimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, 4,5-epoxyheptylmethyldimethoxysilane, bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide, N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane.
9. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein the first conjugated diene compound andor the second conjugated diene compound is 1,3-butadiene.
10. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein the first aromatic vinyl compound andor the second aromatic vinyl compound is styrene.
11. A conjugated diene copolymer rubber produced by the process according to claim 1.
12. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 6, the second polyfunctional monomer is divinylbenzene and wherein the amount of divinylbenzene present in the reaction system is greater than 0 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the first conjugated diene compound and first aromatic vinyl compound.
13. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 8, wherein the compound which can react with silica is N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane.
14. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, which comprises: initiating a copolymerization reaction in a reaction system comprising a first conjugated diene compound and a first aromatic vinyl compound, adding a second conjugated diene compound and optionally adding a second aromatic vinyl compound to the reaction system during the copolymerization reaction, and completing the copolymerization reaction, and then adding a modifier to the reaction system, wherein a first polyfunctional monomer is added to the reaction system in the course of the reaction at a time when the polymerization conversion rate is 30% or more, but less than 70%.
15. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, which comprises: initiating a copolymerization reaction in a reaction system comprising a first conjugated diene compound and a first aromatic vinyl compound, optionally adding a second conjugated diene compound and adding a second aromatic vinyl compound to the reaction system during the copolymerization reaction, and completing the copolymerization reaction, and then adding a modifier to the reaction system, wherein a first polyfunctional monomer is added to the reaction system in the course of the reaction at a time when the polymerization conversion rate is 30% or more, but less than 70%.
16. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, which comprises: initiating a copolymerization reaction in a reaction system comprising a first conjugated diene compound and a first aromatic vinyl compound, adding a second conjugated diene compound and adding a second aromatic vinyl compound to the reaction system during the copolymerization reaction, and completing the copolymerization reaction, and then adding a modifier to the reaction system, wherein a first polyfunctional monomer is added to the reaction system in the course of the reaction at a time when the polymerization conversion rate is 30% or more, but less than 70%.
17. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein said first conjugated diene compound is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3 -butadiene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, and 1,3-pentadiene.
18. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein said first aromatic vinyl compound is selected from the group consisting of styrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 2,4-diisopropylstyrene, 4-tert-butylstyrene, tert-butoxystyrene, vinylbenzyldimethylamine, (4-vinylbenzyl)dimethyl aminoethyl ether, N,N-dimethylaminoethylstyrene, vinylpyridine.
19. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 17, wherein said first aromatic vinyl compound is selected from the group consisting of styrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, .alpha.-methyistyrene, 2,4-dimethyistyrene, 2,4-diisopropylstyrene, 4-tert-butyistyrene, tert-butoxystyrene, vinylbenzyldimethylamine, (4-vinylbenzyl)dimethylaminoethyl ether, N,N-dimethylaminoethylstyrene, vinylpyridine.
20. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein said first conjugated diene compound is 1,3-butadiene and said first aromatic vinyl compound is styrene, and said first polyfunctional monomer is divinylbenzene.
21. The process for producing a conjugated diene copolymer rubber according to claim 1, wherein said first polyfunctional monomer is added to the reaction system in the course of the reaction at a time when the polymerization conversion rate is 35% -60%.