Author: claimsbot

1. A multi-touch recognition apparatus comprising:
a display panel to display an image;
a camera unit to acquire an image to sense a user touch position on the display panel;
a storage unit to store a background image; and
a controller to perform blur filtering for noise removal when the image acquired by the camera unit is input, to calculate and output a difference image obtained by removing the background image stored in the storage unit from the blur-filtered image, to calculate a new background image using the difference image, and to update the background image stored in the storage unit using the calculated new background image.
2. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to calculate an absolute value image obtained by converting pixel values of the difference image into absolute values, and output the calculated absolute value image.
3. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the new background image using the difference image and a binary image of the difference image, which is a binary image obtained by binarization of the absolute value image.
4. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to calculate a threshold value in the calculation of the binary image using the following equation:
Th=Mean(I(.))+alpha*std(I(.)),

wherein Th is the threshold value, Mean(I(.)) is the mean of the absolute value image of the difference image, alpha is a weight for distribution of pixel values of the image, and std(I(.)) is a standard deviation of the absolute value image of the difference image.
5. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the new background image using the following equation:
Bk(x,y)=Bk\u22121(x,y)+beta*Dk(x,y),

wherein Bk(x,y) is the new background image, Bk\u22121 (x,y) is the previous background image, Dk(x,y) is the difference image, and beta is a weight.
6. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to set the weight so that pixels having a relatively small change in the difference image have a higher weight value than pixels having a relatively large change.
7. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to set the weight to a value less than 1 based on whether a value of a binary image is 1 or 0.
8. The multi-touch recognition apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the weight using the following equation:
beta=a*(1\u2212Hk(x,y))+b*Hk(x,y),

wherein Hk(x,y) is the binary image, and a and b are weights applied to the binary image.
9. A control method of a multi-touch recognition apparatus which has a camera unit provided on a display panel displaying an image and acquiring an image to sense a user touch position on the display panel, and a storage unit storing a background image, the control method comprising:
executing blur filtering for noise removal when the image acquired by the camera unit is input;
calculating and outputting a difference image obtained by removing the background image stored in the storage unit from the blur-filtered image;
calculating a new background image using the difference image; and
updating the background image stored in the storage unit using the calculated new background image.
10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein the calculating and outputting of the difference image further comprises calculating an absolute value image obtained by converting pixel values of the difference image into absolute values, and outputting the calculated absolute value image.
11. The control method according to claim 10, wherein the calculating of the new background image further comprises calculating the new background image using the difference image and a binary image of the difference image, which is a binary image obtained by binarization of the absolute value image.
12. The control method according to claim 11, wherein a threshold value in the calculating of the binary image is calculated using the following equation:
Th=Mean(I(.))+alpha*std(I(.)),

wherein Th is the threshold value, Mean(I(.)) is the mean of the absolute value image of the difference image, alpha is a weight for distribution of pixel values of the image, and std(I(.)) is the standard deviation of the absolute value image of the difference image.
13. The control method according to claim 9, wherein the new background image is calculated using the following equation:
Bk(x,y)=Bk\u22121(x,y)+beta*Dk(x,y),

wherein Bk(x,y) is the new background image, Bk\u22121 (x,y) is the previous background image, Dk(x,y) is the difference image, and beta is a weight.
14. The control method according to claim 13, wherein the weight is set so that pixels having a relatively small change in the difference image have a higher weight value than pixels having a relatively large change.
15. The control method according to claim 14, wherein the weight is less than 1, the weight being based on whether a value of a binary image is 1 or 0.
16. The control method according to claim 15, wherein the weight is calculated by the following equation:
beta =a*(1\u2212Hk(x,y))+b*Hk(x,y),

wherein Hk(x,y) is the binary image, and a and b are weights applied to the binary image.
17. At least one non-transitory medium comprising computer readable code to control at least one processor to implement the method of claim 9.
18. A method of acquiring and processing an image obtained with a camera provided on a display to sense a user touch position on the display, the method comprising:
performing blur filtering on a current image of the user touch position acquired by the camera to obtain a blur-filtered image;
calculating, by way of a processor, a difference image by removing a stored background image from the blur-filtered image, the stored background image having been previously acquired with the camera;
outputting the difference image to be used for recognition of the user touch position on the display panel;
calculating a new background image using the difference image; and
updating the stored background image using the calculated new background image.
19. At least one non-transitory medium comprising computer readable code to control the processor to implement the method of claim 18.
20. A display device comprising:
a display panel to display an image;
a camera to acquire an image to sense a user touch position on the display panel;
a storage unit to store a background image that was previously acquired with the camera; and
a controller, to perform blur filtering on a current image of the user touch position acquired by the camera to obtain a blur-filtered image, to calculate, by way of a processor, a difference image by removing the background image stored in the storage unit from the blur- filtered image, to use the difference image for recognition of the user touch position on the display panel, calculate a new background image using the difference image, and to update the background image stored in the storage unit using the calculated new background image.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of producing an automobile interior material or construction sheet with excellent processability comprising: forming a short fiber layer by carding and setting short fibers on one side or both sides of a foamed layer, wherein the foamed layer and short fiber layer being made of same material that is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane and polystyrene; and setting the short fiber layer with a shape of a truss in the foamed layer by interlacing the short fibers through a needle punching process.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1, comprising:
carding short fibers wherein short fibers are mixed with polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on one side or both sides of a foamed layer produced by foaming chips selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips;
setting the short fibers with a shape of a truss in the foamed layer by interlacing the short fibers through a needle punching process; and
forming the short fiber layer(s) by thermally setting the portions of the short fibers exposed on the outside the foamed layer to 120 to 250\xb0 C. and pressing thereby melting, cooling and hardening the fused portions of the short fibers.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1, comprising:
carding short fibers wherein short fibers are mixed with polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on one side or both sides of a foamed layer produced by foaming chips selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips;
setting the short fibers with a shape of a truss in the foamed layer by interlacing the short fibers through a needle punching process;
putting a fiber layer on the formed layer by secondarily carding fibers including the polypropylene or polyethylene fiber, and natural fiber mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on both sides exposed outside the foamed layer; and
forming the fiber layers and simultaneously the short fiber layer(s) by thermally setting the portions of the fibers layers exposed outside the foamed layer to 120 to 250\xb0 C. and pressing thereby melting, cooling and hardening the fused portions of the fibers layers.
4. The method as set forth in claim 1, comprising:
carding short fibers wherein short fibers are mixed with polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers each other on one side or both sides of a foamed layer produced by foaming chips selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips; and
forming the short fiber layer(s) by thermally setting the portions of the short fibers on one side or both sides of the foamed layer to 120 to 250\xb0 C. and pressing thereby melting, cooling and hardening the fused portions of the short fiber layer protruded from the foamed layer while pressing the portions of the short fibers to melt the portions of the short fibers.
5. The method as set forth in claim 1, comprising:
carding short fibers wherein short fibers are mixed with polypropylene or polyethylene fiber, and natural fiber each other on one side or both sides of a foamed layer produced by foaming chips selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips;
setting the short fibers layer with a shape of a truss in the foamed layer by interlacing the short fibers through a needle punching process; and
forming the short fiber layer(s) by thermally setting the portions of the short fibers on the outside the foamed layer to 120 to 250\xb0 C. and pressing thereby melting, cooling and hardening the fused portions of the short fibers.
6. The method as set forth in claim 2, wherein the short fibers are selected from the group consisting of inflammable fabrics and general fabrics comprising polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
7. The method as set forth in claim 6, wherein the polyethylene fibers comprise 20 to 40% by weight of low melting point polyethylene.
8. The method as set forth in claim 3, wherein the fiber layers comprise polypropylene or polyethylene fibers, and natural fiber mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
9. The method as set forth in claim 3, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
10. An automobile interior material or construction sheet comprising:
a foamed layer produced by foaming chips any one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips; and
a short fiber layer produced by carding and setting short fibers including polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on one side or both sides of the foamed layer;
wherein, the short fibers are interlaced with each other in the foamed layer through a needle punching process so that the short fibers are embedded in a shape of a truss in the foamed layer, and the short fiber layer is set by heating to 120 to 250\xb0 C. while the portions of the short fibers are pressed to melt the portions of the short fibers exposed outside the foamed layer and then harden the molten portions of the short fibers to form the short fiber layers on the foamed layer.
11. An automobile interior material or construction sheet comprising:
a foamed layer produced by foaming chips any one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips;
short fiber layer(s) produced by carding and setting short fibers including polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other at a ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, on one side or both sides of the foamed layer; and
a fiber layer produced by secondarily carding fibers including polypropylene or polyethylene fibers, and natural fiber mixed with each other in mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3, and layered on both exposed sides of the foamed layers;
wherein, the short fibers are interlaced with each other in the foamed layer through a needle punching process so that the short fibers are embedded in a shape of a truss in the foamed layer, and the fiber layers are set by heating to 120 to 250\xb0 C. while the fiber layers are pressed to melt the portions of the short fibers exposed on outside the foamed layer and then harden the molten portions of the short fibers to form the short fiber layers on the foamed layer and simultaneously attaching entirely the fiber layer to the foamed layer.
12. An automobile interior material or construction sheet comprising:
a foamed layer produced by foaming chips any one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips; and
a short fiber layer(s) produced by carding and setting short fibers including polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other, on one side or both sides of the foamed layer;
wherein, the portions of the short fibers exposed outside the foamed layer are set by heating to 120 to 250\xb0 C. while the portions of the short fibers are pressed to melt the portions of the short fibers exposed outside the foamed layer and then harden the molten portions of the short fibers to form the short fiber layers on the foamed layer.
13. An automobile interior material or construction sheet with excellent processability comprising:
a foamed layer produced by foaming chips selected from the group consisting of polypropylene chips, polyethylene chips, polyurethane chips, and expanded polystyrene chips; and
a short fiber layer(s) produced by carding and setting short fibers comprising polypropylene polyurethane, and polystyrene or polyethylene fibers, and natural fiber mixed with each other, on one side or both sides of the foamed layer, wherein the foamed layer and short fiber are made from the same material;
wherein, the short fibers are interlaced with each other in the foamed layer through a needle punching process so that the short fibers are embedded in a shape of a truss in the foamed layer, and the short fiber layer is(are) set by heating to 120 to 250\xb0 C. while the portions of the short fibers are pressed to melt the portions of the short fibers exposed outside the foamed layer and then harden the molten portions of the short fibers to form the short fiber layers on the foamed layer.
14. The automobile interior material or construction sheet as set forth in claim 11, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
15. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 10 comprising:
a fabric chosen from the group consisting of inflammabable fabric and general fabrics further attached to one side or both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet to form an automobile or construction panel.
16. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 10 comprising:
layers formed on both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet by coating at least one material selected from the group consisting of plasters, cements, and ceramic pigments in a predetermined thickness, drying using hot air, and then pressing the material while heating to form an automobile or construction panel.
17. The method as set forth in claim 3, wherein the short fibers are selected from the group consisting of inflammable fabrics and general fabrics comprising polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
18. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the short fibers are selected from the group consisting of inflammable fabrics and general fabrics comprising polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
19. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein the short fibers are selected from the group consisting of inflammable fabrics and general fabrics comprising polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
20. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the fiber layers comprise polypropylene or polyethylene fibers, and natural fiber mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
21. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein the fiber layers comprise polypropylene or polyethylene fibers, and natural fiber mixed with each other in a mixing ratio of 3 to 7:7 to 3.
22. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
23. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
24. The automobile interior material or construction sheet as set forth in claim 12, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
25. The automobile interior material or construction sheet as set forth in claim 13, wherein the natural fiber is at least one fiber selected from the group consisting of linen, jute, great water rush, abaca, coconut, sisal, and arrowroot.
26. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 11 comprising:
a fabric chosen from the group consisting of inflammabable fabric and general fabrics attached to one side or both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet to form an automobile or construction panel.
27. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 12 comprising:
a fabric chosen from the group consisting of inflammabable fabric and general fabrics attached to one side or both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet to form an automobile or construction panel.
28. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 13 comprising:
a fabric chosen from the group consisting of inflammabable fabric and general fabrics attached to one side or both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet to form an automobile or construction panel.
29. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 11 comprising:
layers formed on both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet by coating at least one material selected from the group consisting of plasters, cements, and ceramic pigments in a predetermined thickness, drying using hot air, and then pressing the material while heating to form an automobile or construction panel.
30. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 12 comprising:
layers formed on both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet by coating at least one material selected from the group consisting of plasters, cements, and ceramic pigments in a predetermined thickness, drying using hot air, and then pressing the material while heating to form an automobile or construction panel.
31. The automobile interior material or construction sheet of claim 13 comprising:
layers formed on both sides of the automobile interior material or construction sheet by coating at least one material selected from the group consisting of plasters, cements, and ceramic pigments in a predetermined thickness, drying using hot air, and then pressing the material while heating to form an automobile or construction panel.

1. A composition for dyeing keratinous fibers comprising at least one cationic azo dye of formula (I):
W1\u2014N\u2550N\u2014W2\u2014W3\u2003\u2003(I):
wherein:
W1 is chosen from 5-membered cationic aromatic heterocycles of formula (II):
W2 is chosen from divalent carbonaceous aromatic groups and pyridine groups chosen from groups of formulae (III) and (IV):
W3 is chosen from 7-membered or 8-membered heterocycles of formula (V):
wherein:
Z1 is chosen from oxygen and sulfur atoms, and NR12 radicals;
Z2 is chosen from a nitrogen atom and CR11 radicals;
R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C8 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals; and optionally substituted phenyl radicals;
R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted phenyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, sulfonylamino radicals, and C1-C4 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals;
R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; chlorine atoms; bromine atoms; linear and branched C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains, wherein said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can each form at least one saturated or unsaturated, 3- to 6-membered carbonaceous ring, wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains is optionally replaced by an entity chosen from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an SO2 radical and further wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can be optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, provided that R6, R7, R8, and R9, which may be identical or different, are not chosen from peroxide bonds, diazo radicals, and nitroso radicals;
n is an integer chosen from 1 and 2;
Z4 is chosen from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NR2 radicals, and CR2R2\u2032 radicals;
R0, R1, R2, R2\u2032, R3, R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; alkyl radicals; alkoxy radicals; hydroxyl radicals; amino radicals; acetoxy radicals; NR14R15 groups wherein R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from halogen atoms, hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, and C1-C2 amino(di)alkyl radicals; sulfonylamino radicals; carboxyl radicals; carboxamido radicals; amido radicals; monoalkylamido radicals; dialkylamido radicals; halogen radicals; and C1-C6 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals and C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals; and
X is chosen from organic anions and inorganic anions.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said keratinous fibers are human keratinous fibers.
3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein said human keratinous fibers are hair.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydroxyl radicals, acetoxy radicals, amino radicals, methylamino radicals, dimethylamino radicals, 2-hydroxyethylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, carboxamido radicals, and amido radicals.
5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R0, R1, Z4, R3, R4, R5, and n, are chosen from the following combinations:
R0
R1
Z4
R3
R4
R5
n
COOH
H
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
COOH
OH
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
H
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CONH2
H
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CONH2
OH
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CONMe2
H
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CONMe2
OH
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CH2OH
H
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CH2OH
OH
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
CH2OH
H
CH2
CH2OH
H
H
1
H
OH
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
OH
CH\u2014OH
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
NH2
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
NHMe
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
NMe2
CH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
OH
CH\u2014NH2
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
OH
CH\u2014NHMe
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
OH
CH\u2014NH\u2014CH2\u2014CH\u2014
H
H
H
1 or 2
OH
H
H
NH
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
H
NMe
H
H
H
1 or 2
H
H
N\u2014CH2\u2014CH2\u2014OH
H
H
H
1 or
2.
6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein R0, R1, Z4, R3, R4, and R5 are chosen from the following combinations:
R0
R1
Z4
R3
R4
R5
H
H
CH2
H
H
H
COOH
H
CH2
H
H
H
COOH
OH
CH2
H
H
H
CONMe2
H
CH2
H
H
H
CH2OH
H
CH2
H
H
H
CH2OH
OH
CH2
H
H
H
H
OH
CH2
H
H
H
H
NH2
CH2
H
H
H
H
H
NH
H
H
H
H
H
NMe
H
H
H.
7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, methyl radicals, ethyl radicals, isopropyl radicals, methoxymethyl radicals, hydroxymethyl radicals, 1-carboxymethyl radicals, 1-aminomethyl radicals, 1-aminoethyl radicals, 2-carboxyethyl radicals, 2-hydroxyethyl radicals, 3-hydroxypropyl radicals, 1,2-dihydroxyethyl radicals, 1-hydroxy-2-aminoethyl radicals, 2-hydroxy-1-aminoethyl radicals, methoxy radicals, ethoxy radicals, 3-hydroxyethyloxy radicals and 3-aminoethyloxy radicals.
8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, methyl radicals, hydroxymethyl radicals, 2-hydroxyethyl radicals 1,2-dihydroxyethyl radicals, methoxy radicals, 2-hydroxyethoxy radicals.
9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, methyl radicals, and methoxy radicals.
10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C4 alkyl radicals, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl radicals are optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals.
11. The composition according to claim 10, wherein R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from methyl radicals, ethyl radicals, 2-hydroxyethyl radicals, 1-carboxymethyl radicals, 2-carboxyethyl radicals, and 2-sulfonylethyl radicals.
12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals, wherein said C1-C4 alkyl radicals are optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, and carboxyl radicals.
13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, methyl radicals, ethyl radicals, 2-hydroxyethyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, 1-carboxymethyl radicals, 2-carboxyethyl radicals, and 2-sulfonylethyl radicals.
14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein Z1 is chosen from \u2014NR12 radicals, wherein R12 is defined as in claim 1.
15. The composition according to claim 1, wherein Z2 is chosen from CR11 radicals, wherein R11 is defined as in claim 1.
16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein Z4 is chosen from NR2 and CR2R2\u2032 groups.
17. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one oxidation base.
18. The composition according to claim 17, wherein said at least one oxidation base is chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bisphenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases, and the acid addition salts thereof.
19. The composition according to claim 17, wherein said at least one oxidation base is present in the composition in an amount ranging from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
20. The composition according to claim 19, wherein said at least one oxidation base is present in said composition in an amount ranging from about 0.005% to about 6% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
21. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one coupler.
22. The composition according to claim 21, wherein the at least one coupler is chosen from meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalene couplers, heterocyclic couplers and the acid addition salts thereof.
23. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one oxidizing agent.
24. The composition according to claim 23, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
25. A process for the oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, comprising applying to said keratinous fibers at least one dyeing composition comprising at least one cationic azo dye of formula (I):
W1\u2014N\u2550N\u2014W2\u2014W3\u2003\u2003(I)
wherein:
W1 is chosen from 5-membered cationic aromatic heterocycles of formula (II):
W2 is chosen from divalent carbonaceous aromatic groups and pyridine groups chosen from groups of formulae (III) and (IV):
W3 is chosen from 7-membered or 8-membered heterocycles of formula (V):
wherein:
Z1 is chosen from oxygen and sulfur atoms, and NR12 radicals;
Z2 is chosen from a nitrogen atom and CR11 radicals;
R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C8 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals; and optionally substituted phenyl radicals;
R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted phenyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, sulfonylamino radicals, and C1-C4 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals;
R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; chlorine atoms; bromine atoms; linear and branched C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains, wherein each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can form at least one saturated or unsaturated 3- to 6-membered carbonaceous ring, wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains is optionally replaced by an entity chosen from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and SO2 groups and further wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can be optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, provided that R6, R7, R8, and R9, which may be identical or different, are not chosen from peroxide bonds, diazo radicals, and nitroso radicals;
n is an integer chosen from 1 and 2;
Z4 is chosen from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NR2 radicals, and CR2R2\u2032 radicals;
R0, R1, R2, R2\u2032, R3, R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; alkyl radicals; alkoxy radicals; hydroxyl radicals; amino radicals; acetoxy radicals; NR14R15 groups wherein R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from halogen atoms, hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, and C1-C2 amino(di)alkyl radicals; sulfonylamino radicals; carboxyl radicals; carboxamido radicals; amido radicals; monoalkylamido radicals; dialkylamido radicals; halogen radicals; and C1-C6 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals and C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals; and
X is chosen from organic anions and inorganic anions.
26. The process according to claim 25, wherein said keratinous fibers are human keratinous fibers.
27. The process according to claim 26, wherein said human keratinous fibers are hair.
28. The process according to claim 25, wherein the at least one dyeing composition comprises at least one oxidizing agent.
29. The process according to claim 28, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is mixed with the at least one dyeing composition at the time of use.
30. The process according to claim 28, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is applied to the keratinous fibers in the form of an oxidizing composition simultaneously with or sequentially to the application of said at least one dyeing composition.
31. A process for the oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers comprising applying to said keratinous fibers, in the presence of at least one oxidizing agent, at least one dyeing composition comprising at least one oxidation base and optionally at least one coupler,and further comprising at least one cationic azo dye of formula (I):
W1-N\u2550N-W2-W3\u2003\u2003(I)
wherein:
W1is chosen from 5-membered cationic aromatic heterocycles of formula (II):
W2 is chosen from divalent carbonaceous aromatic groups and pyridine groups chosen from groups of formulae (III) and (IV):
W3 is chosen from 7-membered or 8-membered heterocycles of formula (V):
wherein:
Z1 is chosen from oxygen and sulfur atoms, and NR12 radicals;
Z2 is chosen from a nitrogen atom and CR11 radicals;
R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C8 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals; and optionally substituted phenyl radicals;
R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted phenyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, sulfonylamino radicals, and C1-C4 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals;
R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; chlorine atoms; bromine atoms; linear and branched C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains, wherein each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can form at least one saturated or unsaturated, 3- to 6-membered carbonaceous ring, wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains is optionally replaced by an entity chosen from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an SO2 radical, and further wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can be optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, provided that R6, R7, R8, and R9, which may be identical or different, are not chosen from peroxide bonds, diazo radicals, and nitroso radicals;
n is an integer chosen from 1 and 2;
Z4 is chosen from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NR2 radicals, and CR2R2\u2032 radicals;
R0, R1, R2, R2\u2032, R3, R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; alkyl radicals; alkoxy radicals; hydroxyl radicals; amino radicals; acetoxy radicals; NR14R15 groups wherein R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from halogen atoms, hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, and C1-C2 amino(di)alkyl radicals; sulfonylamino radicals; carboxyl radicals; carboxamido radicals; amido radicals; monoalkylamido radicals; dialkylamido radicals; halogen radicals; and C1-C6 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals and C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals; and
X is chosen from organic anions and inorganic anions.
32. The process according to claim 31, wherein said keratinous fibers are human keratinous fibers.
33. The process according to claim 32, wherein said human keratinous fibers are hair.
34. The process according to claim 31 wherein, at the time of use, said at least one oxidizing agent is mixed with said at least one dyeing composition.
35. The process according to claim 31, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is applied to said keratinous fibers in the form of an oxidizing composition simultaneously with or sequentially to the application of said at least one dyeing composition.
36. A multi-compartment dyeing device comprising at least one compartment comprising at least one dyeing composition for keratinous fibers and at least one compartment comprising at least one oxidizing composition,
wherein said dyeing composition comprises at least one cationic azo dye of formula (I):
W1\u2014N\u2550N\u2014W2\u2014W3\u2003\u2003(I);
wherein:
W1 is chosen from 5-membered cationic aromatic heterocycles of formula (II):
W2 is chosen from divalent carbonaceous aromatic groups and pyridine groups chosen from groups of formulae (III) and (IV):
W3 is chosen from 7-membered or 8-membered heterocycles of formula (V):
wherein:
Z1 is chosen from oxygen and sulfur atoms, and NR12 radicals;
Z2 is chosen from a nitrogen atom and CR11 radicals;
R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C8 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals; and optionally substituted phenyl radicals;
R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted phenyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, sulfonylamino radicals, and C1-C4 alkyl radicals that are optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals;
R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; chlorine atoms; bromine atoms; linear and branched C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains, wherein each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can form at least one saturated or unsaturated, 3- to 6-membered carbonaceous ring, wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains is optionally replaced by an entity chosen from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an SO2 radical and further wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can be optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, provided that R6, R7, R8, and R9, which may be identical or different, are not chosen from peroxide bonds, diazo radicals, and nitroso radicals;
n is an integer chosen from 1 and 2;
Z4 is chosen from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NR2 radicals, and CR2R2\u2032 radicals;
R0, R1, R2, R2\u2032, R3, R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; alkyl radicals; alkoxy radicals; hydroxyl radicals; amino radicals; acetoxy radicals; NR14R15 groups wherein R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from halogen atoms, hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, and C1-C2 amino(di)alkyl radicals; sulfonylamino radicals; carboxyl radicals; carboxamido radicals; amido radicals; monoalkylamido radicals; dialkylamido radicals; halogen radicals; and C1-C6 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals and C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals; and
X is chosen from organic anions and inorganic anions.
37. A cationic azo compound chosen from compounds of formula (I):
W1\u2014N\u2550N\u2014W2\u2014W3\u2003\u2003(I)
wherein:
W1 is chosen from 5-membered cationic aromatic heterocycles of formula (II):
W2 is chosen from divalent carbonaceous aromatic groups and pyridine groups chosen from groups of formulae (III) and (IV):
W3 is chosen from 7-membered or 8-membered heterocycles of formula (V):
wherein:
Z1 is chosen from oxygen and sulfur atoms, and NR12 radicals;
Z2 is chosen from a nitrogen atom and CR11 radicals;
R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, are chosen from C1-C8 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals; and optionally substituted phenyl radicals;
R10 and R11, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms, optionally substituted phenyl radicals, carboxyl radicals, sulfonylamino radicals, and C1-C4 alkyl radicals optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals, C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals, carboxyl radicals, and sulfonic radicals;
R6, R7, R8 and R9, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; chlorine atoms; bromine atoms; linear and branched C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains, wherein each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can form at least one saturated or unsaturated, 3- to 6-membered carbonaceous ring, wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains is optionally replaced by an entity chosen from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, and an SO2 radical and further wherein at least one carbon atom of each of said C1-C6 hydrocarbonaceous chains can be optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, provided that R6, R7, R8, and R9, which may be identical or different, are not chosen from peroxide bonds, diazo radicals, and nitroso radicals;
n is an integer chosen from 1 and 2;
Z4 is chosen from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, NR2 radicals, and CR2R2\u2032 radicals;
R0, R1, R2, R2\u2032, R3, R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms; alkyl radicals; alkoxy radicals; hydroxyl radicals; amino radicals; acetoxy radicals; NR4R15 groups wherein R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, are chosen from hydrogen atoms and C1-C4 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from halogen atoms, hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, amino radicals, and C1-C2 amino(di)alkyl radicals; sulfonylamino radicals; carboxyl radicals; carboxamido radicals; amido radicals; monoalkylamido radicals; dialkylamido radicals; halogen radicals; and C1-C6 alkyl radicals substituted with at least one radical chosen from hydroxyl radicals, C1-C2 alkoxy radicals, C2-C4 (poly)hydroxyalkoxy radicals, amino radicals and C1-C2 (di)alkylamino radicals; and
X is chosen from organic anions and inorganic anions.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A mixer comprising a mixer element and a housing having a mixing chamber that includes inlet openings and contains the mixer element, wherein said mixer element cooperates with the housing to provide a paste-tight closure of the inlet openings when in a first position, and to open the inlet openings when in a second position.
2. The mixer of claim 1, wherein said mixer element comprises closure elements that extend radially from a body portion.
3. The mixer of claim 2, wherein the closure elements are larger in cross-section than said inlet openings.
4. The mixer of claim 2, wherein the closure elements are provided in the form of mixing paddles.
5. The mixer of claim 4, wherein the paddles comprise a circular disc-shaped portion for closing the inlet openings and a paddle-shaped portion connecting the disc-shaped portion with the body portion.
6. The mixer of claim 2, further comprising mixing vanes or mixing blades provided at said body portion.
7. The mixer of claim 2, wherein the body portion is rotatable about its longitudinal axis and comprises a hexagonal opening at its rear end connectable to the drive shaft of a dispensing apparatus.
8. The mixer of claim 2, further comprising a locking element for blocking undesired movement of said mixer element.
9. The mixer of claim 8, wherein the locking element is located at the rear end of said body portion.
10. The mixer of claim 8, wherein the locking element has a predetermined breaking point.
11. The mixer of claim 1, wherein:
the housing, has a longitudinal axis, a rear end provided with separate inlet openings for each of said components, and a front end provided with a discharge opening;
the mixing chamber is formed in said housing and has an entry side facing said rear end of said housing; and
the mixer element is supported in said housing for rotation about said longitudinal axis.
12. The mixer of claim 11, wherein the rear end of the housing is formed by a terminating plate, comprising separate inlet pipes adapted for connection with a dispensing cartridge containing said components.
13. The mixer of claim 12, wherein the terminating plate comprises at its side facing the mixing chamber said inlet openings.
14. The mixer of claim 12, said terminating plate further comprising an engagement clement corresponding to a locking element provided at said mixer element for blocking undesired movement of the mixer element.
15. The mixer of claim 11, wherein said openings are different in size.