Author: claimsbot

1. A method for forming a planar nanofluidic channel on a substrate comprising:
growing a native oxide layer on a surface of a silicon substrate, the silicon substrate including a region of p-type or n-type doped silicon at the surface;
etching the native oxide layer at the region of the p-type or n-type doped silicon according to a patterned wet oxide etch, the etching removing about 1 nm of material from the region
forming second and third regions of doped silicon on the surface, the second and third regions being on either side of the region of p-type or n-type doped silicon, wherein the second and third regions are transmission lines; and
bonding a second substrate to the surface of the silicon substrate, the second substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, the second surface of the second substrate being bonded to the surface of the silicon substrate such that a portion of the second surface of the second substrate forms a top of the planar nanofluidic channel.
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising forming the region of p-type or n-type doped silicon.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the patterned wet oxide etch is an HF etch.
4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising repeating the etching step one or more times.
5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising growing a native oxide layer at the region prior to each etching step.
6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising forming one or more probe contact windows in the second substrate.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second substrate is bonded to the surface of the silicon substrate according to an anodic bonding process.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A frequency allocation method for a wireless communication system operating in frequency hopping mode, comprising:
generating a mirroring pattern having a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval identical with a data retransmission interval; and
allocating different frequency bands for an initial transmission and retransmission by performing frequency hopping according to the mirroring pattern.
2. The frequency allocation method of claim 1, wherein generating a mirroring pattern comprises performing the frequency hopping, when an ith subframe of a kth radio frame fulfills following equation (1):
(round-down value of jM)mod 2=1(where, j=p*k+1, p is a number of subframes of a radio frame, and M is a data retransmission interval).\u2003\u2003equation (1)
3. A frequency allocation method for a wireless communication system operating in frequency hopping mode, comprising:
generating a mirroring pattern having a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval identical with a subframe in interval; and
allocating different frequency bands for an initial transmission and retransmission by performing frequency hopping according to the mirroring pattern.
4. The frequency allocation method of claim 3, wherein generating a mirroring pattern comprises performing the frequency hopping, when an ith subframe of a kth radio frame fulfills following equation (2):
(round-down value of iG)mod 2=1(where, G is a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval).\u2003\u2003equation (2)
5. The frequency allocation method of claim 3, wherein the mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval is greater than two subframes and equal to or less than a data retransmission interval.
6. A transmission apparatus for a wireless communication system operating in frequency hopping mode, comprising:
a mirroring pattern generator which generates a mirroring pattern having a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval identical with a data retransmission interval; and
a frequency allocator which allocates different frequency bands for an initial transmission and retransmission by performing frequency hopping according to the mirroring pattern.
7. The transmission apparatus of claim 6, wherein the mirroring pattern generator performs the frequency hopping, when an ith subframe of a kth radio frame fulfills following equation (3):
(round-down value of jM)mod 2=1(where, j=p*k+1, p is a number of subframes of a radio frame, and M is a data retransmission interval).\u2003\u2003equation (3)
8. A transmission apparatus for a wireless communication system operating in frequency hopping mode, comprising:
a mirroring pattern generator which generates a mirroring pattern having a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval identical with a subframe in interval; and
a frequency allocator which allocates different frequency bands for an initial transmission and retransmission by performing frequency hopping according to the mirroring pattern.
9. The transmission apparatus of claim 8, wherein the mirroring pattern generator performs the frequency hopping, when an ith subframe of a kth radio frame fulfills following equation (4):
(round-down value of iG)mod 2=1(where, G is a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval).\u2003\u2003equation (4)
10. The transmission apparatus of claim 8, wherein the mirroring-assisted frequency hopping interval is greater than two subframes and equal to or less than a data retransmission interval.

1. An electromagnetic driving unit for a loudspeaker assembly, comprising:
a magnet part, and
a coil part having a single coil that is configured to be suspended adjacent the magnet part and translatable along a translation axis with respect to the magnet part,
the magnet part including:
two permanent magnets that are configured to magnetically cooperate with the coil,
an intermediate magnetic pole element that is sandwiched between the permanent magnets when viewed along the translation axis of the coil part, to form a single pole piece that includes a pole face that is magnetically directed towards an inner face of the coil, and
two external magnetic pole elements,

wherein:
the permanent magnets and the intermediate magnetic pole element are sandwiched between the external magnetic pole elements, and
the external magnetic pole elements include pole faces that are magnetically directed towards an outer face of the coil.
2. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the coil part is situated between the two external magnetic pole elements.
3. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the coil includes a cylindrical coil having a coil axis that extends parallel to the translation axis of the coil part.
4. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the two permanent magnets of the magnet part are magnetized in directions parallel to the translation axis of the coil part, the magnetization direction of the one magnet being opposed to the magnetization of the other magnet.
5. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the pole elements are made of a ferromagnetic material.
6. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the pole faces of the external magnetic pole elements are formed by edge portions inclining towards the coil part.
7. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the pole face of the intermediate magnetic pole element includes an inclined surface that has a radial dimension from the translation axis that increases from the permanent magnets towards a central portion of the pole face.
8. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the pole face of the intermediate magnetic pole element is a substantially convex surface.
9. The driving unit of claim 1, wherein the coil includes a cylindrical coil having a coil axis that coincides with the translation axis of the coil part.
10. A loudspeaker assembly comprising:
a frame,
a diaphragm, and
an electromagnetic driving unit that includes: a magnet part, and
a coil part that includes a single coil that is configured to be suspended adjacent the magnet part and translatable along a translation axis with respect to the magnet part,
the magnet part including:
two permanent magnets,
an intermediate magnetic pole element that is sandwiched between the permanent magnets when viewed along the translation axis of the coil part to form a single pole element that includes a pole face that is magnetically directed towards an inner face of the coil, and
two external magnetic pole elements,

wherein:
the permanent magnets and the intermediate magnetic pole element are sandwiched between the external magnetic pole elements,
the external magnetic pole elements include pole faces that are magnetically directed towards an outer face of the coil, and
the diaphragm is attached to the coil part of the driving unit and is flexibly connected to the frame.
11. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 10, wherein the diaphragm is fixed to the coil part in an area extending between the two external magnetic pole elements.
12. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 10, wherein the diaphragm extends from the coil part in a substantially radial direction with respect to the translation axis of the coil part.
13. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 10, including an enclosure.
14. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 10, including
a suspension device that is configured to support the diaphragm at an area between the coil part and an outer rim of the diaphragm.
15. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 14, wherein the suspension device includes one or more blade springs.
16. The loudspeaker assembly of claim 14, including
a flexible connection between the outer rim of the diaphragm and the frame,
wherein
the suspension device provides a cantilevered support relative to the flexible connection to suspend the coil adjacent the magnet part.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A device, comprising:
an interface unit to receive an overwrite command to overwrite at least part of a Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) medium; and
a head unit to control a write head to overwrite a threshold number of tracks of the SMR medium simultaneously, in response to the overwrite command, wherein
the head unit is to control the write head to move to a next track number, the next track number to be based on offsetting a current track number by the threshold number, the current track number to be based on a position of the write head, when the write head is to overwrite the tracks of the SMR medium, and
the threshold number is greater than one.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the head unit is to control the write head to move over a width of the threshold number of tracks that have been overwritten when the head unit controls the write head to move to the next track number.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein,
the current track number is based on a number of the track closest to an edge of the write head, and
the next track number is based on at least one adding the threshold number to and subtracting the threshold number from the current track number.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein,
the current track number is based on the number of the track closest to an inner edge of the write head if the write head is writing outward from a center of the SMR medium, and
the current track number is based on the number of the track closest to an outer edge of the write head if the write head is writing inward towards the center of the SMR medium.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the head unit is to control the write head to not move to the track numbers that do not correspond to offsets of the threshold number, in response to the overwrite command.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein,
the plurality of tracks are at least one of static and dynamic, and
the head unit is to control the write head to overwrite an entirety of the SMR medium if the plurality of tracks are dynamic.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein,
each of the tracks includes a plurality of sectors,
the sectors of one of the plurality of tracks is at least of one aligned and misaligned with the sectors of another of the plurality of tracks,
the head unit is to overwrite positioning information of the SMR medium if the sectors of the tracks are misaligned, and
the positioning information includes at least one of a track number and a logical block address (LBA) of the SMR medium.
8. A hard disk drive (HDD), comprising:
the device of claim 1;
the SMR medium; and
a read head, wherein
the write head is larger than a read head.
9. The HDD of claim 8, wherein,
the write head is to only write to a plurality of the tracks at a time, and
the read head is to read from only one of the tracks at a time.
10. A method, comprising:
receiving a command to overwrite a medium;
overwriting a threshold number of tracks of the medium at a time using a single write head, in response to the command; and
moving the write head to a next track number, after the threshold number of tracks are overwritten, wherein
the threshold number is greater than one, and
the next track number is based on offsetting a current track number by the threshold number, the current track number to be based on a position of the write head when the write head is overwriting the threshold number of tracks.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein,
the head unit is to control the write head to overwrite the SMR medium with a repeating pattern, and
the write head is larger than a read head of the medium.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein,
the overwriting and moving is iteratively repeated the entire medium is overwritten, and
the medium is written to using Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR).
13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, if executed by a processor of a device, cause the processor to:
receive a command to overwrite at least part of a Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) medium;
overwrite a threshold number of tracks of the SMR medium at a time in response to the command; and
move a write head over by the threshold number of tracks, wherein
the threshold number is greater than one, and
a number of times the write head is moved to overwrite the SMR medium is proportional to the threshold number.
14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein a number of times the write head is moved is less than a number of tracks on the SMR medium.
15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein the threshold number is based on at least one of a width of the write head, a distance between the write head and the SMR medium, an opacity of air between the write head and the SMR medium, and the number of the tracks the write head can write to with a threshold percentage of certainty.