Author: claimsbot

1. A detent escapement for a timepiece comprising:
an escape wheel;
a balance pivoted about a balance staff and having an impulse pallet which can contact a wheel tooth of the escape wheel and an unlocking stone; and
a blade having a locking stone which can contact the wheel tooth of the escape wheel, a locking stone support arm that supports the locking stone, a one side actuating spring having a portion capable of contacting the unlocking stone, and a one side actuating spring support arm which determines a position of an unlocking stone contact portion which is positioned in a tip of the one side actuating spring,
wherein at least two of the one side actuating spring, the one side actuating spring support arm, and the locking stone support arm of the blade are formed of the same material and have the same thickness in a direction along an axis of the balance staff.
2. The detent escapement according to claim 1, wherein the blade is configured so as to be rotated in two directions which include a direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel and a direction in which the locking stone is separated from the escape wheel, and wherein a deforming spring portion of the one side actuating spring is disposed between the locking stone support arm and the one side actuating spring support arm.
3. The detent escapement according to claim 1, wherein a lower surface of the one side actuating spring support arm and a lower surface of the one side actuating spring are disposed in one plane perpendicular to a rotational center axis line of the escape wheel and a rotational center axis line of the balance.
4. The detent escapement according to claim 1, wherein a working reference line that is set as a reference is a line connecting a rotation center of the balance and a rotation center of the blade; and wherein the one side actuating spring is disposed at an angle so that a distance of the tip of the one side actuating spring from the working reference line is increased as the tip is separated from the rotation center of the balance in a side opposite to the side at which the escape wheel is present.
5. The detent escapement according to claim 4, wherein the locking stone support arm is positioned at a side opposite to the one side actuating spring support arm with respect to the working reference line.
6. The detent escapement according to claim 1, further comprising a balance spring that applies the force, which rotates the blade in the direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel, to the blade; wherein the balance spring, the one side actuating spring, the locking stone support arm, and the one side actuating spring support arm are integrally formed.
7. The detent escapement according to claim 1, further comprising a balance spring that applies the force, which rotates the blade in the direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel, to the blade; wherein the balance spring is spirally formed in a window which is provided at a side opposite to the locking stone support arm and the one side actuating spring support arm with respect to a rotation axis of the blade.
8. The detent escapement according to claim 1, wherein a one side actuating spring regulating lever which presses the unlocking stone contact portion of the one side actuating spring to the one side actuating spring support arm is fixed to a rotation axis of the blade or to a surface of the blade.
9. The detent escapement according to claim 1, wherein the locking stone is integrally formed with the blade.
10. A method of manufacturing a detent escapement for a timepiece which includes an escape wheel, a balance pivoted about a balance staff and having an impulse pallet which can contact a wheel tooth of the escape wheel and an unlocking stone, and a blade having a locking stone which can contact the wheel tooth of the escape wheel, a locking stone support arm that supports the locking stone, a one side actuating spring having a portion capable of contacting the unlocking stone, and a one side actuating spring support arm which determines a position of an unlocking stone contact portion which is positioned in a tip of the one side actuating spring, the method comprising:
a step of forming a resin layer on a conductive layer; and
a blade forming step of simultaneously forming at least two of the one side actuating spring, the one side actuating spring support arm, and the locking stone support arm of the blade by using a portion of the resin layer formed on the conductive layer.
11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising a step of forming the conductive layer on a substrate so that the conductive layer is disposed between the substrate and the resin layer; and wherein the blade forming step further comprises a blade mold forming step in which a portion of the conductive layer is exposed by etching a portion of the resin layer to form a blade mold, and simultaneously forming the at least two of the one side actuating spring, the one side actuating spring support arm, and the locking stone support arm of the blade by further using the conductive layer and the blade mold.
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the blade forming step further comprises a step of forming an etching mask on the resin layer, and simultaneously forming the at least two of the one side actuating spring, the one side actuating spring support arm, and the locking stone support arm of the blade components by further removing through etching a a portion of the resin layer on which the etching mask is not formed.
13. A detent escapement for a timepiece comprising:
an escape wheel;
a balance mounted to undergo pivotal movement about a pivot axis and configured to contact a wheel tooth of the escape wheel and an unlocking stone; and
an actuating lever having a locking stone configured to contact the wheel tooth of the escape wheel, a locking stone support arm that supports the locking stone, an actuating spring having a contact portion capable of contacting the unlocking stone, and an actuating spring support arm for determining a position of the contact portion of the actuating spring, at least two of the locking stone support arm, the actuating spring, and the actuating spring support arm being formed of the same material and having the same thickness in a direction along the pivot axis of the balance.
14. The detent escapement according to claim 13, wherein the actuating lever is mounted to undergo rotation in two directions including a direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel and a direction in which the locking stone separates from the escape wheel; and wherein a deformable spring portion of the actuating spring is disposed between the locking stone support arm and the actuating spring support arm.
15. The detent escapement according to claim 13, wherein a lower surface of the actuating spring support arm and a lower surface of the actuating spring are disposed in one plane perpendicular to a rotational center axis line of the escapement escape wheel and a rotational center axis line of the balance.
16. The detent escapement according to claim 13, wherein the actuating spring is disposed at an angle so that a distance of a tip of the actuating spring from a connecting line connecting a rotation center of the balance and a rotation center of the actuating lever increases as the tip separates from the rotation center of the balance in a side opposite to the side at which the escape wheel is present.
17. The detent escapement according to claim 16, wherein the locking stone support arm is positioned at a side opposite to the actuating spring support arm with respect to the connecting.
18. The detent escapement according to claim 13, further comprising a balance spring for applying a force that rotates the actuating lever in a direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel; wherein the balance spring, the actuating spring, the locking stone support arm, and the actuating spring support arm are integrally formed.
19. The detent escapement according to claim 13, further comprising a balance spring for applying a force that rotates the actuating lever in a direction in which the locking stone approaches the escape wheel; wherein the balance spring is spirally formed in a window which is provided at a side opposite to the locking stone support arm and the actuating spring support arm with respect to a rotation axis of the actuating lever.
20. The detent escapement according to claim 13, further comprising an actuating spring regulating lever for pressing the contact portion of the actuating spring to the actuating spring support arm, the actuating spring regulating lever being fixedly mounted to a surface of the actuating lever or to a rotational shaft about which the actuating lever is configured to undergo rotation.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1-20. (canceled)
21. A light emitting diode (LED) device comprising:
an active light-emitting layer;
a top contact layer having a top surface formed over the active light-emitting layer; and
a first top electrode at least partially embedded in the top contact and having a non-conductive bottommost surface, wherein the first top electrode electrically contacts the top contact layer.
22. The LED device of claim 21, wherein the first top electrode comprises a metal, a metal alloy, a conductive material, or combinations thereof.
23. The LED device of claim 22, wherein the conductive material is transparent.
24. The LED device of claim 21, wherein the top contact layer includes a transparent conductive material and the first top electrode includes a metal material.
25. The LED device of claim 21, further comprising:
a bottom electrode;
a buffer layer formed over the bottom electrode; and
a bottom contact layer formed over the buffer layer, wherein the active light-emitting layer is formed over the bottom electrode, the buffer layer, and the bottom contact layer.
26. The LED device of claim 25, wherein the buffer layer is reflective.
27. The LED device of claim 21, further comprising a conductive web connecting the first top electrode and a second top electrode in the top contact layer.
28. The LED device of claim 27, wherein the conductive web comprises a metal, a metal alloy, a conductive material, or combinations thereof.
29. A method of forming a light emitting diode (LED) device, the method comprising:
forming an active light-emitting layer over a substrate;
forming a top contact layer over the active light-emitting layer;
patterning the top contact layer to form a first trench therein;
forming a top electrode within the first trench, wherein the top electrode has a non-conductive bottommost surface.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the top electrode comprises a metal, a metal alloy, a conductive material, or combinations thereof.
31. The method of claim 29, wherein forming the top electrode within the first trench includes:
forming a dielectric material layer in the first trench; and
depositing a conductive material layer over the dielectric material layer in the first trench.
32. The method of claim 29, wherein patterning the top contact layer to form the first trench therein includes patterning the top contact layer to form a second trench therein.
33. The method of claim 29, wherein forming the top electrode within the first trench includes:
forming a dielectric material layer in the first trench and the second trench;
removing the dielectric material layer from the second trench; and
depositing a conductive material layer in the second trench and over the dielectric material layer in the first trench.
34. The method of claim 29 further comprising:
forming a bottom electrode over the substrate;
forming a buffer layer over the bottom electrode; and
forming a bottom contact layer formed over the buffer layer, wherein the active light-emitting layer is formed over the bottom electrode, the buffer layer, and the bottom contact layer.
35. A light emitting diode (LED) structure comprising:
a top contact layer; and
an electrode partially embedded in the top contact layer, wherein the electrode has a non-conductive bottommost surface.
36. The LED structure of claim 35, wherein the electrode comprises a metal, a metal alloy, a conductive material, or combinations thereof.
37. The LED device of claim 35, wherein the conductive material is transparent.
38. The LED device of claim 35, wherein the top contact layer includes a transparent conductive material and the first top electrode includes a metal material.
39. The LED structure of claim 35, wherein the electrode has a top surface that is non-coplanar with a top surface of the top contact layer.
40. The LED structure of claim 39, wherein the top surface of the electrode is recessed relative to the top surface of the top contact layer.

We claim:

1. A microprocessor, coupled to a bus for transferring data from a memory to the microprocessor, the bus operating at a first clock frequency, and the microprocessor operating at a second clock frequency, wherein the second clock frequency is N times the first clock frequency, the microprocessor comprising:
a cache memory, for generating requests to read data from the memory on the bus, said requests comprising a plurality of access types;
control logic, coupled to said cache memory, for receiving and accumulating said requests from said cache memory for approximately N cycles of the second clock frequency, and prioritizing said accumulated requests according to said plurality of access types; and
a bus interface unit, coupled to said control logic, for receiving from said control logic after said approximately N cycles of the second clock frequency a highest priority one of said prioritized requests.
2. The microprocessor of claim 1, wherein said bus interface unit is configured to issue said highest priority request on the bus in response to reception thereof.
3. The microprocessor of claim 1, wherein said plurality of access types includes a blocking access type request, wherein said control logic prioritizes blocking access type requests as highest priority of said access types.
4. The microprocessor of claim 3, wherein said blocking access type request is associated with a functional unit in the microprocessor requiring data specified by said blocking access type request in order to proceed.
5. The microprocessor of claim 3, wherein said blocking access type request comprises a request generated by an operation causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor while waiting for data associated with said blocking access type request.
6. The microprocessor of claim 3, wherein said plurality of access types includes a non-blocking page table walk access type request, wherein said control logic prioritizes non-blocking page table walk access type requests after said blocking access type requests.
7. The microprocessor of claim 6, wherein said non-blocking page table walk access type request comprises a request to read page table data from the memory on the bus due to a translation lookaside buffer miss.
8. The microprocessor of claim 6, wherein said plurality of access types includes a non-blocking store allocation access type request, wherein said control logic prioritizes non-blocking store allocation access type requests after said blocking access type requests and said non-blocking page table walk access type requests.
9. The microprocessor of claim 8, wherein said non-blocking store allocation access type request comprises a request to read a cache line from the memory on the bus due to a store miss in said cache memory to a write-back memory region.
10. The microprocessor of claim 6, wherein said plurality of access types includes a prefetch access type request, wherein said control logic prioritizes prefetch access type requests after said blocking access type requests and said non-blocking page table walk access type requests.
11. The microprocessor of claim 10, wherein said prefetch access type request comprises a request to read a cache line specified by a prefetch instruction.
12. The microprocessor of claim 10, wherein said prefetch access type request comprises a request to read a cache line speculatively generated by the microprocessor.
13. The microprocessor of claim 1, wherein N comprises an integer greater than one.
14. The microprocessor of claim 1, wherein N comprises a fraction greater than two.
15. A data cache, in a microprocessor coupled to a system memory by a bus, the microprocessor core logic operating according to a core clock, the bus operating according to a bus clock, the data cache comprising:
a request queue, for storing a plurality of requests to fill a cache line from the system memory on the bus, said requests comprising a plurality of types;
request accumulation logic, coupled to said request queue, for storing said plurality of requests into said request queue in an order received during core clock cycles;
prioritization logic, coupled to said request queue, for prioritizing said plurality of requests based on said plurality of types during a core clock cycle just prior to a next bus clock cycle; and
bus request issue logic, coupled to said request queue, for removing from said request queue a highest priority of said plurality of requests prioritized by said prioritization logic for issuance on the bus.
16. The data cache of claim 15, wherein the core clock frequency is a multiple of the bus clock frequency.
17. The data cache of claim 15, wherein said prioritization logic prioritizes requests causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor as highest priority of said plurality of requests.
18. The data cache of claim 17, wherein said prioritization logic prioritizes requests not causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor as lower priority of said plurality of requests than said requests causing a pipeline stall.
19. The data cache of claim 18, wherein said requests not causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor comprise requests to fill a cache line from the system memory due to a translation lookaside buffer miss.
20. The data cache of claim 19, wherein said requests not causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor comprise requests to fill a cache line from the system memory due to a store miss to a write-back cacheable region.
21. The data cache of claim 20, wherein said prioritization logic prioritizes requests to fill a cache line from the system memory due to a store miss to a write-back cacheable region lower than said requests to fetch a cache line from the system memory due to a translation lookaside buffer miss.
22. The data cache of claim 19, wherein said requests not causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor comprise requests to fill a cache line from the system memory due to a prefetch operation.
23. The data cache of claim 22, wherein said prioritization logic prioritizes requests to fill a cache line from the system memory due to a prefetch operation lower than said requests to fetch a cache line from the system memory due to a translation lookaside buffer miss.
24. A microprocessor, comprising:
a bus clock input, for receiving a bus clock signal, said bus clock signal having a first frequency for controlling operation of a bus coupling the microprocessor to a system memory;
a core clock signal, having a second frequency, for controlling operation of core logic in the microprocessor, said second frequency being a multiple of said first frequency;
a data cache, coupled to receive said core clock signal, for generating requests to read a cache line on said bus, said requests each having a request type; and
control logic, coupled to said data cache, for accumulating said requests at said second frequency, for prioritizing said accumulated requests based on said request type at said first frequency, and for issuing a highest priority one of said requests on said bus after said prioritizing.
25. The microprocessor of claim 24, wherein said request type includes at least two of the following request types: a blocking request type, a non-blocking page table data request type, a non-block store allocation request type, and a non-blocking prefetch request type.
26. The microprocessor of claim 25, wherein said blocking request type is highest priority, said non-blocking page table data request type is next highest priority, and said non-block store allocation request type and a non-blocking prefetch request type are next highest priority.
27. A method for a microprocessor to transfer cache lines from a system memory on a bus coupling the microprocessor and system memory, the bus operating at a bus clock frequency and the microprocessor core logic operating at a core clock frequency, the method comprising:
determining during a core clock cycle whether said core clock cycle is occurring just prior to a next bus clock cycle, wherein the core clock frequency is a multiple of the bus clock frequency;
prioritizing during said core clock cycle a plurality of bus requests accumulated during previous core clock cycles according to request type, if said determining is true; and
issuing during said next bus clock cycle a highest priority one of said plurality of bus requests on the bus after said prioritizing.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein said plurality of bus requests comprise requests to transfer a cache line of data from the system memory to a data cache in the microprocessor on the bus.
29. The method of claim 27, wherein said prioritizing comprises prioritizing ones of said plurality of bus requests of a blocking request type at highest priority.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein said blocking request type comprises a request causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor.
31. The method of claim 29, wherein said prioritizing comprises prioritizing ones of said plurality of bus requests of a non-blocking request type at lower priority than said blocking request type.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein said non-blocking request type comprises a request not causing a pipeline stall in the microprocessor.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein said non-blocking request type comprises a request to transfer page table data from the system memory to the microprocessor on the bus.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein said non-blocking request type comprises a request to transfer a cache line associated with a store miss in a data cache of the microprocessor from the system memory to said data cache on the bus.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein said prioritizing comprises prioritizing said request to transfer page table data at higher priority than said request to transfer said cache line associated with said store miss.
36. The method of claim 33, wherein said non-blocking request type comprises a request to prefetch a cache line from the system memory to a data cache in the microprocessor on the bus.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein said prioritizing comprises prioritizing said request to transfer page table data at higher priority than said request to prefetch said cache line.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. Adelmidrol for use in the treatment of epithelial tissue dysfunctions in a human being or animal, wherein said Adelmidrol causes an increase of the endogenous levels of palmitoylethanolamide without inhibiting the activity of the palmitoylethanolamide-degrading FAAH and NAAA enzymes.
2. Adelmidrol for use according to claim 1, wherein said epithelial tissue dysfunctions in a human being or animal are selected from the group consisting of oropharyngeal and esophageal Dysphagia with different etiology; gastroesophageal reflux; Cricopharyngeal Achalasia; esophageal Achalasia; stomatites with different etiology; Presbiphagia in the elderly; feline gingivostomatitis; periodontal disease also related to endodonticsorthodontics and dental implantology interventions; Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS); Eyelid Edema; Blepharitis, Blepharoconjunctivitis; inward turning (entropion) and eversion (ectropion) of the eyelid; keratitis and keratitoconjunctivitis with different etiology (e.g., superficial punctate keratitoconjunctivitis); corneal lesions with different etiology; quali-quantitative alterations of the tear film; Dacryocystitis; Uveitis; Glaucoma; diseases of the ceruminous glands of the ear; ear hematomas in dog and cat; fly strike irritations in dog and cat; Pododermatites; Rhinites, Rhinotracheites, acute and chronic rhinopharyngites; acute and chronic Pharyngites; acute and chronic bronchites; Sinusites, Rinosinusites; bronchial asthma; Alopecia; nasal dermatoses in dog and cat; Acute and chronic sialadenites; neuropathic itch; bladder pain syndrome with different etiology attributable to alterations of the urothelium and in particular interstitial cystitis, cystitis due to systemic chemotherapeutics, cystitis due to bladder instillation of local chemotherapeutics, such as Epirubicin or Mitomycin, cystitis due to pelvic radiotherapy; chronic andor recurrent Cystites; Gastrointestinal disorders attributable to alterations of the epithelium; Diseases of the ano-rectal segment, particularly posterior rectocele, proctites, muco-rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, anal rhagades, perianal itching, diseases of the anal sacs in dog, and other perineal dysfunctions; small and medium vessel Vasculites and particularly granulomatous Vasculites, Vasculites due to immunocomplexes; Inflammations of the secondary sexual glands and particularly of the seminal vesicles and the seminal ducts; orofacial pain syndromes in the human and veterinary field; synovites associated to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis.
3. Adelmidrol for use according to claim 1, wherein said Adelmidrol is administered in a combined, sequential, or separate manner in combination with at least one active ingredient selected from the group consisting of an oxazoline derivative of palmitoylethanolamide, an anti-microbial agent, trans-traumatic acid and hyaluronic acid or derivatives thereof.
4. Adelmidrol for use according to claim 3, wherein said anti-microbial agent is selected from Echinacea purpurea extract, Usnea barbata extract, usnic acid, phytosphingosine, bronopol and mixtures thereof.
5. Adelmidrol for use according to claim 4, wherein hyaluronic acid and trans-traumatic acid are present in sodium hyaluronate trans-traumatate double salt form.
6. Adelmidrol for use according to claim 1, wherein the amount of Adelmidrol to be administered in the form of solutions intended to the epithelia ranges between 0.5 and 20 mgKg body weight.
7. A pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment of epithelial and mucosal tissue dysfunctions in a human being or animal, wherein said pharmaceutical formulation contains Adelmidrol and one or more active ingredients selected from the group consisting of an oxazoline derivative of palmitoylethanolamide, an anti-microbial agent, trans-traumatic acid, and hyaluronic acid or derivatives thereof.
8. The formulation for use according to claim 7, wherein said epithelial tissue dysfunctions in a human being or animal are selected from the group consisting of oropharyngeal and esophageal Dysphagia with different etiology; gastroesophageal reflux; Cricopharyngeal Achalasia; esophageal Achalasia; stomatites with different etiology; Presbiphagia in the elderly; feline gingivostomatitis; periodontal disease also related to endodonticsorthodontics and dental implantology interventions; Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS); Eyelid Edema; Blepharitis, Blepharoconjunctivitis; inward turning (entropion) and eversion (ectropion) of the eyelid; keratitis and keratitoconjunctivitis with different etiology (e.g., superficial punctate keratitoconjunctivitis); corneal lesions with different etiology; quali-quantitative alterations of the tear film; Dacryocystitis; Uveitis; Glaucoma; diseases of the ceruminous glands of the ear; ear hematomas in dog and cat; fly strike irritations in dog and cat; Pododermatites; Rhinites, Rhinotracheites, acute and chronic rhinopharyngites; acute and chronic Pharyngites; acute and chronic bronchites; Sinusites, Rinosinusites; bronchial asthma; Alopecia; nasal dermatoses in dog and cat; Acute and chronic sialadenites; neuropathic itch; bladder pain syndrome with different etiology attributable to alterations of the urothelium and in particular interstitial cystitis, cystitis due to systemic chemotherapeutics, cystitis due to bladder instillation of local chemotherapeutics, such as Epirubicin or Mitomycin, cystitis due to pelvic radiotherapy; chronic andor recurrent Cystites; Gastrointestinal disorders attributable to alterations of the epithelium; Diseases of the ano-rectal segment, particularly posterior rectocele, proctites, muco-rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, anal rhagades, perianal itching, diseases of the anal sacs in dog, and other perineal dysfunctions; small and medium vessel Vasculites and particularly granulomatous Vasculites, Vasculites due to immunocomplexes; Inflammations of the secondary sexual glands and particularly of the seminal vesicles and the seminal ducts; orofacial pain syndromes in the human and veterinary field; synovites associated to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis
9. The formulation for use according to claim 7, wherein said formulation has the following weight composition, the balance being relative only to the active ingredients:
Adelmidrol
50-100%\u2003\u2002
Oxazoline derivative of PEA
0-5%
Hyaluronic acid or derivative thereof
0-5%
Trans-traumatic acid
0-5%
Anti-microbial agent
\u20090-1%.
10. The formulation for use according to claim 7, wherein said anti-microbial agent is selected from Echinacea purpurea extract, Usnea barbata extract, usnic acid, phytosphingosine, bronopol and mixtures thereof.
11. The formulation for use according to claim 7, wherein hyaluronic acid and trans-traumatic acid are present in the sodium hyaluronate trans-traumatate double salt form.
12. The formulation for use according to claim 7, wherein the weight concentration of Adelmidrol in the pharmaceutical forms for topic application intended to the use in both human beings and animals ranges between 0.2% and 7.0%, and the weight concentration of Adelmidrol in the solutions for application on internal epithelia ranges between 0.3% and 5.0%.