Author: claimsbot

We claim:

1. A method for modifying a plant or plant part comprising the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount sufficient to change the health, growth or life cycle of the plant or plant part.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin is enzyme-modified lecithin.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the enzyme-modified lecithin is derived from the group consisting of egg lecithin, soy lecithin, sunflower lecithin, peanut lecithin, sesame lecithin and canola lecithin.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the enzyme-modified lecithin is derived from soy lecithin.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin is acetylated lecithin.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin is hydroxylated lecithin.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant part is selected from the group consisting of fruits, leaves, flowers, roots, stems and tubers.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plant part is selected from fruits or tubers.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant part is exposed to the composition before it is harvested from the plant.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant part is exposed to the composition after it is harvested from the plant.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein treating the plant or plant part with the composition is achieved through a method selected from the group consisting of spraying the plant or plant part with the composition, and dipping the plant or plant part into the composition.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin concentration in the composition is from about 1 ppm to about 20,000 ppm.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin concentration in the composition is from about 10 ppm to about 10,000 ppm.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified lecithin concentration in the composition is from about 25 ppm to about 5,000 ppm.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for improving the quality of a plant part that comprises the step of treating the plant part or the corresponding plant with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount sufficient to improve the quality of the plant part.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the quality of the plant part comprises at least one of the characters selected from the group consisting of turgidity, color, flavor and fruit cracking.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for retarding senescence in a plant part that comprises the step of treating the plant part or the corresponding plant with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount sufficient to retard senescence in the plant part.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein senescence retardation is measured by storage or shelf life extension of the plant part.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for increasing the size, weight or both of a plant part that comprises the step of treating the plant part or corresponding plant with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to increase the size, weight or both of the plant part.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for stimulating the growth of a plant or plant part that comprises the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount sufficient to stimulate the growth of the plant or plant part.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the composition is used to enhance root formation and development of roots on cuttings by treating the cuttings with the composition.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the composition is used to enhance tuber formation by treating a tuber plant or tubers thereof with the composition.
23. The method of claim 20, wherein the composition is used to stimulate turf grass growth by treating turf grass with the composition.
24. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for improving the aesthetic attributes of a plant or plant part that comprises the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to improve the aesthetic attributes of the plant or plant part.
25. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for increasing fruit set on a plant that comprises the step of treating the plant or a suitable part thereof with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to increase fruit set on the plant.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for reducing fruit drop from a plant that comprises the step of treating the plant or a suitable part thereof with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in amount effective to reduce fruit drop.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the fruit is apple.
28. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for protecting a plant or plant part from a stress-related injury that comprises the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to protect the plant or plant part from a stress-related injury.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the plant or plant part is treated with the composition before it is exposed to a stress situation.
30. The method of claim 28, wherein the plant or plant part is treated with the composition while it is being exposed to a stress situation.
31. The method of claim 28, wherein the plant or plant part is treated with the composition after it is exposed to a stress situation.
32. The method of claim 28, wherein the composition further comprises at least one additive.
33. The method of claim 28, wherein the stress injury is the result of an abiotic stress.
34. The method of claim 33, wherein the abiotic stress is the result of chilling, freezing, wind, hail, flooding, drought, heat, soil compaction, soil crusting, agricultural chemical, or a combination of at least two of the foregoing.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein the agriculture chemical is a plant growth regulator, pesticide, insecticide, fungicide, herbicide or fertilizer.
36. The method of claim 28, wherein the stress injury is the result of a biotic stress.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein the biotic stress is caused by a pathogen, an insect, a nematode, a snail, mites, weeds, or a physical damage caused by human and non-human animals.
38. The method of claim 37, wherein the pathogen is a fungus, bacteria or virus.
39. A method for eliciting the hypersensitive response in a plant or plant part, the method comprising the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to increase the total activity of an enzyme selected from the group consisting of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase.
40. A method for increasing the total activity of an enzyme in a plant or plant part wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and indole-3-acetic acid oxidase, the method comprising the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to increase the total activity of the enzyme.
41. A method for increasing lignin synthesis in a plant or plant part, the method comprising the step of treating the plant or plant part with a composition that comprises modified lecithin in an amount effective to increase lignin synthesis in the plant or plant part.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system for detecting potential attacks on a domain, the system comprising one or more servers configured as follows:
in response to a failure event, obtain a lambda value from a baseline model of historical data associated with a current time interval corresponding to the failure event;
determine a probability of whether a total count of failure events for the current time interval is within an expected range using a cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identify a possible malicious attack if the probability is less than or equal to a selected alpha value.
2. The system of claim 1, the system is further configured to:
obtain a hierarchical domain model corresponding to a domain affected by the failure event;
traverse the hierarchical domain model from a first level towards a second level, where the second level is less specific than the first level, and, for each level of the hierarchical domain model, determine the probability of whether the total count of failure events for the current time interval and the current level of the hierarchical domain model is within the expected range using the cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identify at least one level of the hierarchical domain as a locus of the potential malicious attack.
3. The system of claim 2, the system is further configured to permit data in the baseline model of historical data to be set to predetermined values.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is further configured to create the baseline model of historical data from event logs and allocate failure events from the logs to a corresponding stratum of the baseline model.
5. The system of claim 4, where the strata are selected to correspond to time intervals having similar recurring levels of failure events.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the baseline model of historical data is updated in response to failure events.
7. A method for detecting potential attacks on a domain, the method comprising the steps of:
in response to a failure event, obtain a lambda value from a baseline model of historical data associated with a current time interval corresponding to the failure event;
determine a probability of whether a total count of failure events for the current time interval is within an expected range using a cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identify a possible malicious attack if the probability is less than or equal to a selected alpha value
8. The method of claim 7, the method further including the steps of:
obtaining a hierarchical domain model corresponding to a domain affected by the failure event;
traversing the hierarchical domain model from a first level towards a second level, where the second level is less specific than the first level, and, for each level of the hierarchical domain model, determine the probability of whether the total count of failure events for the current time interval and the current level of the hierarchical domain model is within the expected range using the cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identifying at least one level of the hierarchical domain as a locus of the potential malicious attack.
9. The method of claim 8, the method further including the step of setting data in the baseline model of historical data to predetermined values.
10. The method of claim 7, the method further including the step of creating the baseline model of historical data from event logs and allocate failure events from the logs to a corresponding stratum of the baseline model.
11. The method of claim 10, the method further including the step of selecting the stratum of the baseline model to correspond to time intervals having similar recurring levels of failure events.
12. The method of claim 7, the method further including the step of updating the baseline model of historical data in response to failure events.
13. The method of claim 7, the method further including the steps of:
obtaining a hierarchical domain model corresponding to a domain affected by the failure event; and
traversing the hierarchical domain model from a first level towards a second level, where the second level is more specific than the first level, and, for each level of the hierarchical domain model, determine the probability of whether the total count of failure events for the current time interval and the current level of the hierarchical domain model is within the expected range using the cumulative density function based on the lambda value.
14. The method of claim 13, the method further including the step of identifying at least one level of the hierarchical domain as a locus of the potential malicious attack.
15. The method of claim 13, the method further including the step of displaying the failure events and probability of whether the total count of failure events is within the expected range for multiple levels of the hierarchical domain.
16. A persistent computer readable medium storing computer code configured to a cause a processing device to operate to detect potential attacks on a domain as follows:
in response to a failure event, obtain a lambda value from a baseline model of historical data associated with a current time interval corresponding to the failure event;
determine a probability of whether a total count of failure events for the current time interval is within an expected range using a cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identify a possible malicious attack if the probability is less than or equal to a selected alpha value
17. The persistent computer readable medium of claim 16, the medium further including computer code configured to cause the processing device to further operate as follows:
obtaining a hierarchical domain model corresponding to a domain affected by the failure event;
traversing the hierarchical domain model from a first level towards a second level, where the second level is less specific than the first level, and, for each level of the hierarchical domain model, determine the probability of whether the total count of failure events for the current time interval and the current level of the hierarchical domain model is within the expected range using the cumulative density function based on the lambda value; and
identifying at least one level of the hierarchical domain as a locus of the potential malicious attack.
18. The persistent computer readable medium of claim 17, the medium further including computer code configured to cause the processing device to further operate to set data in the baseline model of historical data to predetermined values.
19. The persistent computer readable medium of claim 18, the medium further including computer code configured to cause the processing device to further operate to create the baseline model of historical data from event logs and allocate failure events from the logs to a corresponding stratum of the baseline model.
20. The persistent computer readable medium of claim 19, the medium further including computer code configured to cause the processing device to further operate to select the stratum of the baseline model to correspond to time intervals having similar recurring levels of failure events.
21. The persistent computer readable medium of claim 16, the medium further including computer code configured to cause the processing device to further operate to:
obtain a hierarchical domain model corresponding to a domain affected by the failure event; and
traverse the hierarchical domain model from a first level towards a second level, where the second level is more specific than the first level, and, for each level of the hierarchical domain model, determine the probability of whether the total count of failure events for the current time interval and the current level of the hierarchical domain model is within the expected range using the cumulative density function based on the lambda value.

1. A test system comprising:
a platform having a movable endless belt; and
a restraint configured to restrain a test article in a selected vertical position relative to the moveable belt, the restraint comprising at least a pair of axially rigid supports wherein at least one rigid support is provided on each side of the movable belt and has an end configured to be secured to the test article, and wherein each support extends from a stationary portion, relative to the belt, of the platform over at least a portion of the movable belt.
2. The test system of claim 1 and further comprising a load cell operably coupled to each support, the load cell configured to measure a vertical force associated with each support.
3. The test system of claim 1 and further comprising an actuator coupled to each support so as to apply a selected force upon the test article.
4. The test system of claim 3 wherein the actuators and supports are configured to lift the test article off the movable belt.
5. The test system of claim 3 wherein each actuator is configured to exert a vertical force on the test article directed toward the movable belt.
6. The test system of claim 1 and further comprising a positioner coupled to at least one support, the positioner configured to adjust a longitudinal position of the support relative to the platform.
7. The test system of claim 1 and further comprising a positioner coupled to at least one support, the positioner configured to adjust a lateral position of the support relative to the platform.
8. The test system of claim 1 wherein the platform is part of a wind tunnel and each of the supports are streamlined.
9. The test system claim 1 wherein the support includes means for adjusting airflow characteristics around the support.
10. The test system of claim 1 wherein each support comprises a stiffening assembly comprising an upright member on the support and elongated members extending from the upright member to each end of the support.
11. The test system of claim 10 wherein each support includes a compartment for storing the upright member and the elongated members.
12. The test system of claim 1 wherein each support comprises a plurality of struts.
13. A test system comprising:
a platform having a movable endless belt; and
a restraint configured to restrain a test article in a selected position relative to the moveable belt, the restraint comprising at least a pair of axially rigid supports wherein at least one rigid support is provided on each side of the movable belt and has an end configured to be secured to the test article, and wherein each support extends from a stationary portion, relative to the belt, of the platform over at least a portion of the movable belt, the restraint further comprising an actuator coupled to each support, wherein each actuator is configured to exert a vertical force on the test article directed toward the movable belt.
14. The test system of claim 13 and further comprising a load cell operably coupled to each support, the load cell configured to measure a vertical force associated with each support.
15. The test system of claim 13 wherein the actuators and supports are configured to lift the test article off the movable belt.
16. The test system of claim 13 and further comprising a strut having a first end coupled to the test article proximate at least one support and a second end configured to engage the belt as it moves so as to transfer force between belt and the test article.
17. The test system of claim 13 wherein the test article comprises a vehicle.
18. The test system of claim 17 and further comprising a plurality of struts, each strut proximate each support and having a first end coupled to the vehicle and a second end configured to engage the belt as it moves so as to transfer force between belt and the vehicle.
19. A method for testing a vehicle in a wind tunnel having an movable endless belt, the method comprising:
coupling the vehicle to rigid supports that restrain the vehicle in a selected vertical position relative to the movable belt, the rigid supports extending from a stationary portion in the wind tunnel over a portion of the movable belt; and
restraining the vehicle during application of blowing air upon the vehicle and moving the movable belt.
20. The method of claim 19 and further comprising applying a selected vertical force through each of the supports to the vehicle during application of blowing air upon the vehicle and moving the movable belt.
21. The method of claim 19 and further comprising lifting the vehicle off the movable belt using the supports.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A tape substrate comprising:
an insulating film;
a copper foil pattern formed on the insulating film at one side of the insulating film, and provided with a connecting area where an electronic element is to be mounted;
a barrier layer, made of a compound, which contains gold and silver as major components thereof and an additive of Se or Pb, plated on the copper foil pattern at the connecting area, and formed with a plurality of pores; and
a tin layer plated on the barrier layer, and alloyed with a portion of the copper foil pattern corresponding to the connecting area, through the pores.
2. The tape substrate according to claim 1, wherein the barrier layer has a thickness of 0.01 to 1 \u03bcm.
3. The tape substrate according to claim 1, wherein the tin layer has a thickness of 0.01 to 1 \u03bcm.