Author: claimsbot

1. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 4 or more magnetic poles on the surface, and first and second sensor devices for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said first sensor device containing sensor bridges X01 and Y01, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
said second sensor device containing sensor bridges X02 and Y02, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
each sensor bridge X01, Y01, X02, Y02 being a full bridge of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction;
adjacent spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices in said full bridge having pinned layers whose magnetization directions are antiparallel;
said sensor bridges Y01 and Y02 being arranged such that the magnetization directions of their pinned layers are along the circumferential direction of said magnet rotor;
said sensor bridges X01 and X02 being arranged such that the magnetization directions of their pinned layers have a phase difference of 90\xb0 or 90\xb0 \xb1180n\xb0 by electric angle, wherein n is an integer; and
voltage being applied to said full bridges to obtain differential outputs each corresponding to an angle between the magnetization direction of said pinned layer and the magnetization direction of said free layer, and an angle signal being obtained based on said differential outputs.
2. The rotation-angle-detecting apparatus according to claim 1, which comprises a first sensor device group comprising said first and second sensor devices, and a second sensor device group comprising other sensor devices each having the same structure as that of the sensor device in said first sensor device group, the relative arrangement of the other sensor devices being the same as in said first sensor device group; and said first sensor device group and said second sensor device group being separate from each other by 180n\xb0 by electrical angle, wherein n is an integer.
3. The rotation-angle-detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein signals from said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 are input to separate differential amplifiers to obtain four signals, which are calculated to output an error detection signal.
4. The rotation-angle-detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein signals from said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 are input to separate differential amplifiers to obtain four signals, which are averaged to obtain a fifth signal, which is compared with a predetermined DC voltage to determine their difference, based on which an error detection signal is output.
5. A rotating machine comprising the rotation-angle-detecting apparatus recited in claim 1.
6. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 2 or more magnetic poles on the surface, and first and second sensor devices for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
the distance between the center of said first sensor device and the rotation axis of said magnet rotor being larger than the radius of said magnet rotor;
the distance between the center of said second sensor device and the rotation axis of said magnet rotor being larger than the radius of said magnet rotor;
said first sensor device containing sensor bridges X01 and Y01, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
said second sensor device containing sensor bridges X02 and Y02, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
each sensor bridge X01, Y01, X02, Y02 being a bridge circuit of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction;
the magnetization directions of pinned layers in electrically adjacent spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices in said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 being antiparallel;
a plane including the magnetization direction of the pinned layer in each sensor bridge X01, Y01, X02, Y02 being inclined from the rotation axis of said magnet rotor; and
voltage being applied to said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 to obtain outputs each corresponding to an angle between the magnetization direction of said pinned layer and the magnetization direction of said free layer, and an angle signal being obtained based on said outputs.
7. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 2 or more magnetic poles on the surface, and first and second sensor devices for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
the distance between the center of said first sensor device and the rotation axis of said magnet rotor being larger than the radius of said magnet rotor;
the distance between the center of said second sensor device and the rotation axis of said magnet rotor being larger than the radius of said magnet rotor;
said first sensor device containing sensor bridges X01 and Y01, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
said second sensor device containing sensor bridges X02 and Y02, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
each sensor bridge X01, Y01, X02, Y02 being a bridge circuit of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction;
the magnetization directions of pinned layers in electrically adjacent spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices in said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 being antiparallel;
the centers of said first and second sensor devices being separate from a plane passing the thickness center position of said magnet rotor and perpendicular to the rotation axis of said magnet rotor in a rotation axis direction; and
voltage being applied to said sensor bridges X01, Y01, X02 and Y02 to obtain outputs each corresponding to an angle between the magnetization direction of said pinned layer and the magnetization direction of said free layer, and an angle signal being obtained based on said outputs.
8. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having two magnetic poles, and a sensor device for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said sensor device having a magnetosensitive surface comprising pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction; and
said sensor device being arranged relative to said magnet rotor to cause the magnetic flux to cross said magnetosensitive surface, such that magnetic flux density components perpendicular to each other on said magnetosensitive surface have the same amplitude.
9. The rotation-angle-detecting apparatus according to claim 8,
said sensor device being arranged, such that \u03c6 and \u03c7 are in a range that:
(a) \u03c6 is \u22121.6\xb0 to 1.5\xb0 , and \u03c7 is \u221257.6\xb0 to \u221262.2\xb0 ,
(b) \u03c6 is \u22121.5\xb0 to 1.6\xb0 , and \u03c7 is 57.6\xb0 to 62.2\xb0 ,
(c) \u03c6 is 33.8\xb0 to 36.6\xb0 , and \u03c7 is \u22122.7\xb0 to 3.1\xb0 ,
(d) \u03c6 is 19.2\xb0 to 22.8\xb0 , and \u03c7 is 87.4\xb0 to 92.4\xb0 ,
(e) \u03c6 is 67.1\xb0 to 70.8\xb0 , and \u03c7 is 84.2\xb0 to 97.7\xb0 , or
(f) \u03c6 is 81.4\xb0 to 98.7\xb0 , and \u03c7 is 158.6\xb0 to 201.2\xb0 ,

wherein \u03c6 is a sensor arrangement angle between a line connecting the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and the center of the magnetosensitive surface of said sensor device, and a plane passing the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and perpendicular to the rotation axis, and \u03c7 is a sensor inclination angle between a plane passing the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and perpendicular to the rotation axis and said magnetosensitive surface;
said sensor device containing sensor bridges A01 and B01, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
each sensor bridge A01, B01 being a bridge circuit of said spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices;
the magnetization directions of pinned layers in electrically adjacent spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices in said bridge circuit being antiparallel; and
voltage being applied to said sensor bridges A01 and B01 to obtain outputs each corresponding to an angle between the magnetization direction of said pinned layer and the magnetization direction of said free layer, and an angle signal being obtained based on said outputs.
10. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having two magnetic poles, and a sensor device for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said sensor device having a magnetosensitive surface comprising pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction; and
said sensor device being arranged relative to said magnet rotor, such that the amplitude ratio (Keff=B\u22a5eff0Beff0) of effective magnetic flux density components perpendicular to each other on said magnetosensitive surface is 1 at a position meeting the condition of a space magnetic flux density amplitude ratio K0=B\u22a50B0\u22601.
11. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 4 or more magnetic poles, and a sensor device for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said sensor device having a magnetosensitive surface comprising pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction; and
said sensor device being arranged relative to said magnet rotor to cause the magnetic flux to cross said magnetosensitive surface, such that magnetic flux density components perpendicular to each other on said magnetosensitive surface have the same amplitude.
12. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 4 or more magnetic poles, and a sensor device for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said sensor device having a magnetosensitive surface comprising pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction; and
said sensor device being arranged relative to said magnet rotor, such that the amplitude ratio (Keff=B\u22a5eff0Beff0) of effective magnetic flux density components perpendicular to each other on said magnetosensitive surface is 1 at a position meeting the condition of a space magnetic flux density amplitude ratio K0=B\u22a50B0\u22601.
13. A rotation-angle-detecting apparatus comprising a magnet rotor having 4 or more magnetic poles, and a sensor device for detecting the direction of magnetic flux from said magnet rotor;
said sensor device having a magnetosensitive surface comprising pluralities of spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices each having a pinned layer and a free layer, the magnetization direction of said pinned layer being fixed, and the magnetization direction of said free layer rotating depending on a magnetic field direction;
said sensor device being arranged such that \u03c6 and \u03c7 are in a range of z\u22600, \u03c7=0, and \u03c7=4.5\xb0 to 25\xb0 , or in a range of z=0, \u03c6=0, and \u03c7=40\xb0 to 60\xb0 , wherein \u03c6 is a sensor arrangement angle between a line connecting the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and the center of the magnetosensitive surface of said sensor device, and a plane passing the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and perpendicular to the rotation axis, and \u03c7 is a sensor inclination angle between a plane passing the thickness center point of said magnet rotor and perpendicular to the rotation axis and said magnetosensitive surface;
said sensor device containing sensor bridges A01 and 801, in which the magnetization directions of pinned layers are perpendicular to each other;
each sensor bridge A01, B01 being a bridge circuit of said spin-valve, giant-magnetoresistive devices;
the magnetization directions of pinned layers in electrically adjacent spin-valve,giant-magnetoresistive devices in said bridge circuit being antiparallel; and
voltage being applied to said sensor bridges A01 and B01 to obtain outputs each corresponding to an angle between the magnetization direction of said pinned layer and the magnetization direction of said free layer, and an angle signal being obtained based on said outputs.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A hierarchical master-slave control network, comprising:
a first-tier fiber optic ring;
a plurality of network nodes, including a plurality of first-tier master nodes and a plurality of first-tier slave nodes, in communication over said first-tier fiber optic ring;
a second-tier fiber optic ring; and
at least one second-tier slave node;
wherein one of said first-tier slave nodes operates as a second-tier master node with respect to said second-tier fiber optic ring and communicates with said at least one second-tier slave node over said second fiber optic ring; and
wherein said plurality of first-tier master nodes share concurrent control over said first-tier slave nodes, said first-tier master nodes communicating synchronously over said first-tier fiber optic ring in pre-assigned slots of a repeating time frame.
2. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of third-tier slave nodes connected in a ring configuration, wherein one of said second-tier slave nodes operates as a third-tier master node with respect to said third-tier slave nodes.
3. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 2, further comprising a third-tier fiber optic ring connecting said third-tier slave nodes.
4. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, wherein said first-tier slave node operating as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes comprises an uplink processor for communicating over said first-tier fiber optic ring and a downlink processor for communicating over said second-tier fiber optic ring.
5. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, further comprising at least one other second-tier master node connected to said second-tier fiber optic ring, said second-tier master node sharing concurrent control over said second-tier slave nodes along with said first-tier slave node operating as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes.
6. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, wherein said first-tier fiber optic ring comprises a pair of optical fibers providing redundant communication paths for said first-tier master nodes and first-tier slave nodes.
7. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, wherein said second-tier fiber optic ring composes a pair of optical fibers providing redundant communication paths for said second-tier slave nodes and said first-tier slave node operating as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes.
8. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 1, wherein said first-tier master nodes sequentially rotate communication over said first-tier fiber optic ring, within said repeating time frame.
9. A hierarchical master-slave control network, comprising:
a first-tier fiber optic ring comprising redundant fiber optic communication paths transmitting signals in opposite directions;
a plurality of network nodes, including at least one first-tier master node and a plurality of first-tier slave nodes, in communication over said first-tier fiber optic ring;
a second-tier fiber optic ring;
a plurality of second-tier slave nodes; and
a second-tier master node;
wherein one of said first-tier slave nodes operates as a second-tier master node with respect to said second-tier fiber optic ring and shares concurrent control, along with said second-tier master node, over said second-tier slave nodes on said second-tier fiber optic ring.
10. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 9, wherein each of said first-tier nodes communicates with other first-tier nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over the redundant fiber optic communication paths of the first-tier fiber optic ring.
11. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 10, wherein each intervening first-tier node propagates received data to the next first-tier node until the transmitted data reaches its destination.
12. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 9, wherein said first-tier slave node operating as a second-tier master node and said second-tier master node communicate synchronously over said second-tier fiber optic ring in pre-assigned slots of a repeating time frame.
13. The hierarchical master-stave control network of claim 9, wherein at least two first-tier master nodes communicate over said first-tier fiber optic ring and share concurrent control over said first-tier slave nodes.
14. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 9, further comprising a plurality of third-tier slave nodes connected in a ring configuration, wherein one of said second-tier slave nodes operates as a third-tier master node with respect to said third-tier slave nodes.
15. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 14, further comprising a third-tier fiber optic ring over which said third-tier slave nodes communicate with said second-tier slave node operating as a third-tier master node.
16. A hierarchical master-slave control network, comprising:
at least one first-tier master node;
a plurality of first-tier slave nodes connected in a loop configuration along with said at least one first-tier master node, thereby forming a first network ring;
a second-tier master node; and
a plurality of second-tier slave nodes;
wherein said plurality of second-tier slave nodes and said second-tier master node are connected in a loop configuration, along with one of said first-tier slave nodes configured to operate as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes, thereby forming a second network ring;
wherein said second-tier master node and said first-tier slave node configured to operate as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes share concurrent control over said second-tier slave nodes; and
wherein at least one of said first network ring and said second network ring comprises a fiber optic ring.
17. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 16, wherein said first-tier slave node configured to operate as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes comprises an uplink processor for communicating over said first network ring and a downlink processor for communicating over said second network ring.
18. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 16, further comprising a plurality of third-tier slave nodes connected in a loop configuration, thereby forming a third network ring, wherein one of said second-tier slave nodes operates as a master node with respect to said third-tier slave nodes.
19. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 18, wherein said second-tier slave node operating as a third-tier master node with respect to said third-tier slave nodes comprises an uplink processor for communicating over said second network ring and a downlink processor for communicating over said third network ring.
20. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 16, wherein each of said first network ring and said second network ring comprises a fiber optic ring.
21. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 16, further comprising at least one other second-tier master node connected to said second network ring, said second-tier master node sharing concurrent control over said second-tier slave nodes along with said first-tier slave node operating as a master node with respect to said second-tier slave nodes.
22. The hierarchical master-slave control network of claim 16, wherein said fiber optic ring comprises a pair of optical fibers providing redundant communication paths for the network nodes connected thereto.
23. A hierarchical master-slave control network, comprising:
a first-tier fiber optic ring;
a plurality of network nodes, including a plurality of first-tier master nodes and a plurality of first-tier slave nodes, in communication over said first-tier fiber optic ring;
a second-tier fiber optic ring; and
at least one second-tier slave node;
wherein one of said first-tier slave nodes operates as a second-tier master node with respect to said second-tier fiber optic ring and communicates with said at least one second-tier slave node over said second fiber optic ring;
wherein said plurality of first-tier master nodes share concurrent control over said first-tier slave nodes;
wherein each of said first-tier master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said first-tier slave nodes; and
wherein said network nodes each comprise a processor and supporting electronics contained in an enclosed housing.

1. A method for creating a third signal channel from an input signal received in each of a first and second channel, comprising the steps of:
shifting a predetermined frequency range of signals in the first channel out of phase with the input signal in the first channel;
inverting the shifted signal in the first channel to produce an inverted signal, wherein a range of signals outside the predetermined frequency range of signals in the inverted signal is out of phase with a corresponding frequency range of signals in the second channel; and
communicating the inverted signal in the first channel and the signal in the second channel to a third channel speaker as the third signal channel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined frequency range of signals include low frequency signals.
3. The method of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
communicating the inverted signal in the first channel to a first speaker and to a first input of the third channel speaker;
communicating the signal in the second channel to a second speaker and to a second input of the third channel speaker; and
wherein the differential signal of the inverted signal and the signal in the second channel are reproduced by the third channel speaker as low frequency sound.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
modifying the amplitude of the inverted signal for communication to a first speaker and to a first input of the third channel speaker; and
modifying the amplitude of the signal in the second channel for communication to a second speaker and to a second input of the third channel speaker.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the third channel speaker is a subwoofer speaker.
6. An apparatus for creating a third channel signal from an input signal received in each of a first and second channel, comprising:
a filter configured to shift a predetermined frequency range of signals in the first channel out of phase with the input signal in the first channel and output a shifted signal;
an inverter configured to invert the shifted signal to produce an inverted signal, wherein a range of signals outside the predetermined frequency range of signals in the inverted signal in the first channel is out of phase with a corresponding frequency range of signals in the second channel; and
wherein the differential of the predetermined frequency range of signals in the inverted signal in the first channel and the corresponding frequency range of signals in the second channel comprise the third channel signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
a third channel speaker coupled to the third channel signal for producing sounds corresponding to differential of the predetermined frequency range of signals in the inverted signal in the first channel and the corresponding frequency range of signals in the second channel.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the predetermined frequency range of signals corresponds to low frequencies.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising:
a first amplifier configured to communicate the inverted signal to a first speaker and to a first input of a third channel speaker; and
a second amplifier configured to communicate the signal in the second to a second speaker and to a second input of the third channel speaker.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of marine electrical exploration during vessel motion, consisting in the following: the geological medium in the motion of vessel is examined along the observation line by exciting of periodical alternating current pulses in the medium, for which purpose bipolar rectangular direct current pulses are generated, the length and relative pulse duration of which are set by program basing on the total conductivity of the geological section and the expected depth of the deposit, the electric field is measured simultaneously on pairs of receiving electrodes of a multi-channel receiver line both for the direct current pulses and in pauses between them, for a given point of the medium the parameters of a layered conducting and polarizable medium of the given point of the observation profile are so selected that the value of characteristics of estimated field of the medium would be equal to the simultaneous measurements on all the pairs of the multi-channel receiver line obtained both for the direct current pulses and in pauses between them, then selection of parameters of the layered conducting and polarizable medium of the geological section is repeated for each given point of the observation profile, geoelectrical sections are constructed, and conclusions are made on the existence of a hydrocarbon deposit basing on the identified anomalies of conductivity and induced polarization parameters, and wherein the electric field is measured based on the spatial averaging of potential of the double electric layer arising on the electrode-water boundary during vessel motion, on pairs of receiving sectional electrodes of the receiver multi-channel line.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein geoelectric parameters of the medium are determined with account taken of an adjustment factor, and a conclusion on the existence of a hydrocarbon deposit is made basing on the identified anomalies reflecting adjusted parameters of induced polarization.
3. A device for marine electrical exploration during vessel motion, which consists of an exciting field generation unit, which includes a switchboard generating two bipolar rectangular direct current pulses on feeding electrodes with 0.5 to 10 s duration and 5 to 1000 A current strength, with a relative duration of the pulse sequence set by program, a ship generator, unit consisting of two cable lines, where the first line is 100 m long or shorter and has at least one emitting electrode on the end or near the end, and the second line is 500 to 1000 m long and has at least one emitting electrode on the end or near the end, both lines are parallel, placed behind the vessel stern, and made of cable with 5-15% positive buoyancy, the emitting electrodes are made of conductive material allowing their slow destruction at passage of current, a non-emitting ballast device placed behind the vessel stern and being pairs of differently directed electrical dipoles with equal moments, a signal measurement unit comprising a receiver multi-electrode cable line placed behind the vessel stern on a given depth from the water surface, with length of 1,000 to about 2,000 m, made of stranded cable with a buoyancy close to neutral, connected to a multi-channel measurement device and equipped with receiving electrodes placed on a receiver multi-electrode cable line with a 100 to about 200 m interval, which are spatially located both between the emitting electrodes of the generator plant and behind them, a resistivity meter, a multi-channel measurement device, a ship echo sounder, a Global Position System reception indicator, a signal processor, wherein each of the receiving electrodes is a sectional electrode, the total length of all sections of which does not exceed 5% of the distance between the electrodes (span), the elements of a sectional electrode are electrically connected to each other so that the EMF in them are added, and they are connected to the receiver multi-electrode cable line through a common inputoutput.
4. A device according to claim 3, wherein the sectional electrodes are made of metal wire with a low value of the polarizability coefficient.
5. A device according to claim 3, wherein the sectional electrode is made as wire sections placed on the receiver line, the total surface of which is an equipotential surface, and the wire length does not exceed 10 m.
6. A device according to claim 3, wherein the sectional electrode is made as a multiloop flexible conductor placed on a receiver multi-electrode cable line, where the overall width of winded wire should not exceed 10 m, and each loop represents an individual element of the electrode.
7. A device according to claim 3, wherein the sectional electrode is made as several electrodes connected in parallel to each other, with each electrode being an element of a section, and the sections are electrically connected to each other, and the inputoutput to the receiver multi-electrode cable line is in one point of the sectional electrode.