Author: claimsbot

1. A method of depositing copper on a substrate comprising: contacting a substrate to be plated with copper into a copper electroplating bath comprising: a source of copper ions, an electrolyte, and a leveling agent, wherein the leveling agent is a reaction product of one or more cyclodiaza-compounds with one or more epoxide-containing compounds; wherein at least one cyclodiaza-compound has the formula (I)
wherein E=C(O) or CR3R4; G=CR5R6 or a chemical bond; R1 and R2 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl and (C6-C10)aryl; R3 to R10 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C6-C10)aryl and hydroxyl; each of R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R5, R5 and R7, R7 and R9, and R9 and R1 may be taken together to form a chemical bond; and any of R1 to R10 on adjacent ring atoms may be taken together along with the atoms to which they are attached to form a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring; and applying a current density for a period of time sufficient to deposit a copper layer on the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the epoxide-containing compound comprises from 1 to 3 epoxy groups.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the epoxide-containing compound is chosen from compounds of the formulae
where Y, Y1 and Y2 are independently chosen from H and (C1-C4)alkyl; each Y3 is independently chosen from H, an epoxy group, and (C1-C6)alkyl; X=CH2X2 or (C2-C6)alkenyl; X1=H or (C1-C5)alkyl; X2=halogen, O(C1-C3)alkyl or O(C1-C3)haloalkyl; A=OR11 or R12; R11=((CR13R14)mO)n, (aryl-O)p, CR13R14\u2014Z\u2014CR13R14O or OZ1tO; R12=(CH2)y; A1 is a (C5-C12)cycloalkyl ring or a 5- to 6-membered cyclicsulfone ring; Z=a 5- or 6-membered ring; Z1 is R15OArOR15, (R16O)aAr(OR16)a, or (R16O)aCy(OR16)a; Z2=SO2 or
Cy=(C5-C12)cycloalkyl; each R13 and R14 are independently chosen from H, CH3 and OH; each R15 represents (C1-C8)alkyl; each R16 represents a (C2-C6)alkyleneoxy; each a=1-10; m=1-6; n=1-20; p=1-6; q=1-6; r=0-4; t=1-4; v=0-3; and y=0-6; wherein Y1 and Y2 may be taken together to form a (C8-C12)cyclic compound.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the copper electroplating bath further comprises an accelerator.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the cyclodiaza-compounds has the formulae (IIa) or (IIb)
wherein R1 and R2 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl and (C6-C10)aryl; R4 and R7 to R10 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C6-C10)aryl and hydroxyl; R7 and R9 may be taken together to form a chemical bond; and any of R1, R4 and R7 to R10 on adjacent ring atoms may be taken together along with the atoms to which they are attached to form a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the cyclodiaza-compounds has the formulae (IIIa) or (IIIb)
wherein R1 and R2 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl and (C6-C10)aryl; R4 and R5 to R10 are independently chosen from H, (C1-C6)alkyl, (C6-C10)aryl and hydroxyl; each of R1 and R2, R5 and R7, R7 and R9, and R9 and R1 may be taken together to form a chemical bond; and any of R1 and R5 to R10 on adjacent ring atoms may be taken together along with the atoms to which they are attached to form a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1.-4. (canceled)
5. A system to alleviate a symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a lung of a patient wherein the system comprises:
at least one conduit having a first end which includes a first aperture, a second end which includes a second aperture, and a lumen which connects, in fluid communication, the first aperture and the second aperture;
an airway connection device which is adapted to connect the first end of the conduit to an artificial opening through a wall of a proximal airway wherein the proximal airway is a region of a trachea and a bronchus external to the lung;
a lung connection device which is adapted to connect the second end of the conduit to an artificial opening through a visceral membrane of the lung;
an access fitting connected to the conduit between the first end of the conduit and the second end of the conduit which is adapted to seal the lumen and allow at least intermittent access to the lumen from outside the patient;
whereby the system is adapted to allow air to exit the lung via the artificial opening through the visceral membrane, enter the lumen through the second aperture, exit the lumen through the first aperture, and enter the proximal airway through the artificial opening in the wall of the proximal airway.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising at least one valve in the lumen wherein the valve prevents mucus from entering the lung from the lumen.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the airway connection device is adapted to create an airtight seal between the first end of the conduit and the wall of the proximal airway.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the lung connection device is adapted to maintain an airtight seal between the second end of the conduit and the visceral membrane of the lung.
9. The system of claim 5, wherein the conduit comprises a first section and a second section and wherein the first section is detachably coupled to the second section by the access fitting.
10. The system of claim 5, wherein the access fitting comprises a subcutaneous access port.
11. The system of claim 5, wherein the access fitting comprises a percutaneous access port.
12. The system of claim 5, wherein the access fitting comprises an access port.
13. The system of claim 5, wherein the access fitting is adapted to be external to the patient.
14. A system to alleviate a symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by creating a ventilation bypass between a lung of a patient and an airway of the patient wherein the airway is a region of a natural airway of the lower respiratory tract of the patient external to the lung, and wherein:
the system comprises a conduit having first and second ends and an access fitting connected to the conduit between the first end of the conduit and the second end of the conduit;
the access fitting is adapted to allow intermittent access into the conduit from outside the patient;
the first end of the conduit is adapted to be connected with the airway of the patient and sealed to a wall of the airway of the patient;
the second end of the conduit is adapted to be connected with lung of a patient and is sealed to the lung of the patient; and
the conduit is adapted to create a direct fluid communication between the lung of the patient and the airway of the patient along a path through the patient outside the lung and the airway of the patient thereby providing a ventilation bypass which permits air to exit the lung and enter the airway via the conduit.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the first end of the conduit comprises an expandable feature that is adapted to engage the airway.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein the second end of the conduit comprises an expandable feature that is adapted to engage the lung.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the first end of the conduit comprises an expandable feature that is adapted to engage the airway and the second end of the conduit comprises an expandable feature that is adapted to engage the lung.
18. The system of claim 14, wherein the conduit comprises at least one valve to prevent substances from entering the lung via the conduit.
19. The system of claim 14, wherein the conduit comprises a one-way check valve to allow exhalation while preventing substances from entering the lung via the conduit.
20. The system of claim 14, wherein the conduit comprises at least one filter to prevent substances from entering the lung via the conduit.
21. The system of claim 14, wherein the airway is a region of a bronchus of the patient external to the lung.
22. The system of claim 14, wherein the airway is a region of a trachea of the patient external to the lung.
23. A system to alleviate a symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a lung of a patient by creating a ventilation bypass between the lung and an airway of the patient wherein the airway is a region of a natural airway of the lower respiratory tract of the patient external to the lung, and wherein the system comprises:
at least one conduit having a first end, a second end, and a lumen which connects, in fluid communication, the first end and the second end;
a first connector which is adapted to connect the first end of the conduit to an artificial opening through a wall of the airway such that air may enter the airway through the wall of the airway via the lumen of the conduit;
a second connector which is adapted to connect the second end of the conduit to an artificial opening in a visceral membrane of the lung such that air may leave the lung through the artificial opening in the visceral membrane of the lung via the lumen of the conduit;
an access port connected to the conduit between the first end of the conduit and the second end of the conduit adapted to allowing intermittent access to the lumen of the conduit from outside the patient.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein at least one of the first connector and second connector comprises an expandable feature.

1. An oven comprising:
a casing;
a cooking chamber located inside the casing and having a shape with an open front; and
a door assembly having an inner space therein and configured to close and open the open front of the cooking chamber,
wherein the door assembly comprises:
a handle member having a groove concaved inward on a top of the door assembly,
an inner plate installed inside the inner space to divide the inner space,
a shielding member located between the inner plate and a rear side of the door assembly and configured to shield an air flow,
an inlet formed in a bottom of the door assembly and configured to allow an inflow of air from outside of the door into the inner space, and
an outlet located on top of the door assembly at a rear of the handle member and configured to provide a space to allow air to move outside the door assembly.
2. The oven of claim 1, wherein the inner plate is provided in a position facing the rear side of the door assembly, and wherein a distance between the inner plate and the rear side of the door assembly is smaller than a distance between the inner plate and a front side of the door assembly.
3. The oven of claim 2, wherein the front side and the rear side of the door assembly and the inner plate comprise glass at least partially transparent.
4. The oven of claim 1, wherein the handle member comprises a handle plate bent to the rear from the front side of the door assembly and configured to be coupled with a front side of the door assembly to form a handle groove, and
wherein a bottom of the handle plate is located to be separate above a top end of the inner plate with a gap.
5. The oven of claim 4, wherein a distance between a bottom of the handle plate and the top end of the inner plate is identical to or greater than a distance between a rear side of the handle plate and the rear side of the door assembly.
6. The oven of claim 4, wherein a distance between the rear side of the handle plate and the rear side of the door assembly is smaller than a distance between the inner plate and the front side of the door assembly.
7. The oven of claim 1, wherein the shielding member has a shape configured to surround an edge area of a space between the inner plate and the rear side of the door assembly.
8. The oven of claim 1, wherein the shielding member extends along a bottom of the inner plate and shields an inflow of the air from outside of the door between the inner plate and the rear side of the door assembly.
9. The oven of claim 1, further comprising a cooling fan unit comprising a cooling fan located between the casing and a top of the cooking chamber and a cooling fan flow path extending from the cooling fan to a front of the oven,
wherein the outlet is located facing the cooling fan flow path.
10. An oven comprising a heat cleaning mode in which inner walls of a cooking chamber and an inner side of a door assembly facing the cooking chamber are cleaned using a high temperature inside the cooking chamber, the oven comprising:
a casing:
the cooking chamber located inside the casing and having a shape with an open front; and
the door assembly, comprising at least one flow path in an inner space, and configured to open and close the open front of the cooking chamber,
wherein the door assembly comprises:
a handle member having a groove concaved inward on a top of the door assembly,
an inlet formed in a bottom of the door assembly and configured to allow an air inflow into the inner space,
an outlet located on a top of the door assembly at a rear of the handle member and configured to provide a space to allow air to move outside the door assembly,
a first flow path formed in a position facing a rear side of the door assembly and configured to provide a space to allow air to move from a bottom of the door assembly to a top of the door assembly,
a second flow path formed in front of the first flow path while being separate from the first flow path and configured to provide a space to allow air to move from the bottom of the door assembly to a top of the door assembly,
a third flow path formed between the rear side of the handle member and the rear side of the door assembly and connected to the outlet, and
a shielding member installed inside the first flow path and shielding an air inflow inside the first flow path.
11. The oven of claim 10, wherein a first distance of the first flow path is smaller than a second distance of the second flow path.
12. The oven of claim 10, wherein a third distance of the third flow path is smaller than a second distance of the second flow path.
13. The oven of claim 10, wherein the shielding member has a tetragonal shape configured to shield all of a top, a bottom, and both sides of the first flow path.
14. The oven of claim 10, further comprising a cooling fan unit comprising a cooling fan located between the casing and a top of the cooking chamber and a cooling fan flow path extending from the cooling fan to a front of the oven,
wherein the outlet is located in a position facing the cooling fan flow path.
15. The oven of claim 10, wherein the door assembly further comprises:
an inner plate configured to divide the first flow path together with the rear side of the door assembly, and
a fourth flow path formed between the inner plate and a bottom of the handle member and configured to connect the second flow path to the third flow path,
wherein the fourth flow path has a fourth distance between the inner plate and a bottom of the handle member, the fourth distance identical to or greater than the third distance of the third flow path.
16. The oven of claim 10, wherein the handle member comprises a handle plate bent to the rear from the front side of the door assembly and configured to be coupled with the front side of the door assembly to form a handle groove,
wherein a bottom of the handle plate is located to be separate above a top end of the inner plate with a gap.
17. An oven comprising:
a casing;
a heating chamber located inside the casing; and
a wall assembly having an inner space, the wall assembly comprising:
a plate installed inside the inner space to divide the inner space,
a shielding member located between the plate and a side of the wall assembly and configured to shield an air flow,
an inlet formed in the wall assembly and configured to allow an inflow of air from outside of the wall assembly into the inner space, and
an outlet located in the wall assembly and configured to provide a space to allow air to move outside the wall assembly.
18. The oven of claim 17, wherein the inflow of air from outside of the wall assembly is an inflow of air from outside of the oven.
19. A wall assembly of an oven, the wall assembly comprising:
a plate installed in an inner space of the wall assembly and configured to divide the inner space;
a shielding member located between the inner plate and a side of the wall assembly and configured to shield an air inflow;
an inlet formed in the wall assembly and configured to allow an inflow of air from outside of the wall into the inner space; and
an outlet located in the wall assembly to provide a space to allow air to move outside the wall assembly.
20. The wall assembly of claim 19, wherein the inflow of air from outside of the wall assembly is an inflow of air from outside of the oven.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An apparatus for stretching and strengthening extremities comprising the following:
a foot placement foundation including an inversion plane, a neutral plane, and an eversion plane; and
a selectively actuatable adjustment mechanism connected to the foot placement foundation, whereby a user of the apparatus selectively actuates the adjustment mechanism to adjust the incline of the foot placement foundation.
2. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the foot placement foundation further comprise a plurality of support elements.
3. An apparatus in accordance with claim 2, wherein the plurality of support elements comprise the following:
a front panel;
a back panel; and
two side panels connecting the front panel to the back panel, the front panel, back panel, and side panels together forming an interior compartment;
4. An apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the adjustment mechanism is housed within the interior compartment.
5. An apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the panels comprise generally flat bottom.
6. An apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the front panel is shorter than the back panel to create an incline in the foot placement foundation.
7. An apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the side panels are generally wedge-shaped.
8. An apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a cam device.
9. An apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the cam device comprises the following:
a first cam;
a second cam;
a shaft connecting the first cam to the second cam and extending through the side panels; and
at least one handle connected to the shaft outside of the interior compartment.
10. An apparatus in accordance with claim 9, wherein the at least one handle comprises a pair of handles secured to opposite ends of the connecting shaft.
11. An apparatus in accordance with claim 9, further comprising a locking device adapted and constructed to lock the cam device into a retracted position or an engaged position.
12. An apparatus in accordance with claim 11, wherein the locking device comprises a set screw.
13. An apparatus in accordance with claim 11, wherein the foot placement foundation has an incline of approximately 15 degrees from horizontal when the cam device is in a retracted position.
14. An apparatus in accordance with claim 12, wherein the foot placement foundation has an incline of up to approximately 20 degrees from horizontal when the cam device is in an engaged position.