Author: claimsbot

1-53. (canceled)
54. A method comprising:
receiving, at a server computer, a request for a verification value associated with a portable consumer device associated with a user, the request comprising identification information pertaining to the portable consumer device;
applying, by the server computer, at least one validation test pertaining to the received request; and
sending, by the server computer, if the at least one validation test is passed, a verification value to a verification token associated with the user or to an entity configured to forward the verification value to the token.
55. The method of claim 54, further comprising sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, the verification value to a payment processing network.
56. The method of claim 54, further comprising:
receiving a serial number of the verification token and a test message encrypted by the verification token by an encryption key; and
obtaining a key and one or more acceptable messages; and
validating the encrypted test message using the encrypted test message, the obtained key, and the obtained one or more acceptable messages.
57. The method of claim 56, wherein validating the encrypted test message comprises decrypting the encrypted test message using the obtained key, and comparing the decrypted test message to the one or more acceptable messages for a match.
58. The method of claim 56, wherein validating the encrypted test message comprises encrypting the obtained one or more acceptable messages with the obtained key, and comparing the encrypted test message to the one or more encrypted acceptable messages for a match.
59. The method of claim 54, further comprising:
receiving a serial number of the verification token; and
comparing the received serial number with serial numbers of suspicious tokens.
60. The method of claim 54 wherein the verification token is coupled to a computer to access a networking facility of the computer, and wherein the method further comprises:
receiving one or more data messages having information specific to the computer, the information being obtained by the verification token, and
comparing the received information with computer-specific information of suspicious computers for a match.
61. The method of claim 54 wherein the request for the verification value is conveyed by way of a network packet on a communications network, and wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining a source IP address from the network packet; and
comparing the obtained source IP address with suspect IP addresses for a match.
62. The method of claim 54, wherein the received identification information includes an account number associated with the portable consumer device and a digital fingerprint, and wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining a valid digital fingerprint; and
comparing the digital fingerprint in the received identification information to the valid digital fingerprint.
63. The method of claim 54, wherein the received identification information includes an account number associated with the portable consumer device and a variable datum that varies each time the portable consumer device is used, and wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining one or more acceptable datum values for the portable consumer device having the account number in the received identification information; and
comparing the variable datum in the received identification information to obtain one or more acceptable datum values for a match.
64. The method of claim 54, wherein the received identification information includes an account number associated with the portable consumer device and a variable datum that varies each time the portable consumer device is read for its identification information, and wherein the method further comprises:
sending the account number and the variable datum to an issuing bank with a request for the bank to determine if the variable datum is valid; and
receiving the issuing bank’s determination.
65. The method of claim 54, further comprising sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, a dynamic account number to the verification token or to an entity configured to forward the dynamic account number to the verification token.
66. The method of claim 65, further comprising sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, the device verification value and the dynamic account number to a payment processing network.
67. The method of claim 66, further comprising sending a transaction number to the payment processing network and to a personal communication device or email address associated with the account number in the received identification information.
68. The method of claim 54, further comprising sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, address information to the verification token or to an entity configured to forward the address information to the verification token.
69. The method of claim 54, further comprising encrypting or encoding the verification value before sending the value.
70. The method of claim 54, further comprising:
identifying a mobile phone number or universal resource identifier of a communications device associated with the portable consumer device indicated in the received identification information, and
sending a message to the portable communications device indicating that a request has been made for the verification value for the user’s portable consumer device.
71. The method of claim 70, wherein the message comprises a text message sent to a cell phone.
72. The method of claim 54, further comprising:
identifying an email address associated with the portable consumer device indicated in the received identification information, and
sending a message to the identified email address indicating that a request has been made for a verification value for the user’s portable consumer device.
73.-74. (canceled)
75. A server computer comprising:
a processor; and
a computer readable medium coupled to the processor, the computer readable medium comprising code, executable by the processor, for implementing a method comprising:
receiving a request for a verification value associated with a portable consumer device associated with a user, the request comprising identification information pertaining to the portable consumer device;
applying at least one validation test pertaining to the received request; and
sending if the at least one validation test is passed, a verification value to a verification token associated with the user or to an entity configured to forward the verification value to the token
76. The server computer of claim 75 wherein the method further comprises:
receiving a serial number of the verification token; and
comparing the received serial number with serial numbers of suspicious tokens.
77. The server computer of claim 75 wherein the received identification information includes an account number associated with the portable consumer device and a digital fingerprint, and wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining a valid digital fingerprint; and
comparing the digital fingerprint in the received identification information to the valid digital fingerprint
78. The server computer of claim 75 wherein the method further comprises:
encrypting or encoding the verification value before sending the value.
79. The server computer of claim 75 wherein the method further comprises:
sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, a dynamic account number to the verification token or to an entity configured to forward the dynamic account number to the verification token.
80. The server computer of claim 75, wherein the method further comprises:
sending, if the at least one validation test is passed, the verification value and the dynamic account number to a payment processing network.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A system comprising:
at least one memory to store instructions; and
one or more processors to execute the instructions to:
monitor user interaction with a video being streamed to one or more devices, wherein the video comprises a cue indicating a point in the video for insertion of an advertisement;
determine a level of user interest corresponding to an event for the video based on the monitored user interaction;
identify a section of the video associated with the event in response to the level of user interest being above a predetermined threshold;
determine to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement; and
stream the section of the video to a device again for replaying of the section of the video at the point in the video in response to the identification of the section and the determination to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are further to stream the video to the devices.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are to stream the video to the devices as a live video broadcast.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the processors are further to:
temporarily store the live video broadcast; and
store the section of the video in response to the identification of the section.
5-6. (canceled)
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are to determine to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement as a function of availability of the advertisement.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are to determine to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement as a function of a number of times advertisements were previously inserted in the video.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises user commenting on the video.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the processors are to determine the level of user interest based on at least one of a number of users commenting on the video, a number of comments on video, or content of the comments.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises a number of devices being streamed the video.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the processors are to determine the level of user interest based on an increase or decrease in the number of devices being streamed the video.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises a survey about the video, and wherein the survey comprises user input indicating that a user likes or dislikes the video.
14. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises sharing of user input associated with the video at a social networking system.
15. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises at least one of pausing the video, re-winding the video, fast-forwarding the video, or a replaying of the video
16. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are further to monitor user interaction with the devices at which the video is played, wherein the processors are to determine the level of user interest based on the monitored user interaction with the devices at which the video is played, and wherein the user interaction with the devices at which the video is played comprises at least one of: user physical positioning with respect to the devices, user visual direction with respect to the devices, or movement of the devices.
17. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are further to monitor secondary factors related to user interest in the video, wherein the processors are to determine the level of user interest based on the monitored secondary factors, and wherein the secondary factors comprise at least one of: context of the devices, operating parameters of the devices, volume of the video, size of a player window in which the video is being played with respect to graphical user interfaces of the devices, a number of open windows in the graphical user interfaces of the devices, or a location of the player window with respect to other open windows in the graphical user interfaces of the devices.
18. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are to determine the level of user interest via machine learning.
19. The system of claim 1, wherein the processors are further to:
determine multiple levels user interest levels corresponding to multiple events for the video based on the monitored user interaction, wherein the levels of user interest comprise the level of user interest, and wherein the events comprise the event;
identify multiple sections of the video associated with the events in response to the levels of user interest being above the predetermined threshold, wherein the sections comprise the section;
rank the sections of the video based on the corresponding levels of user interest, and wherein the processors are to stream the section of the video further in response to the determination that the level of interest of the section is a highest level of user interest among the levels of user interest.
20. A method comprising:
monitoring user interaction with a video being streamed to one or more devices, wherein the video comprises a cue indicating a point in the video for insertion of an advertisement;
determining a level of user interest corresponding to an event for the video based on monitoring the user interaction;
identifying, by one or more processors, a section of the video associated with the event in response to the level of user interest being above a predetermined threshold;
determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement; and
streaming the section of the video to a device again for replaying of the section of the video at the point in the video in response to identifying the section and determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising streaming the video to the devices as a live video broadcast.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
temporarily storing the live video broadcast; and
storing the section of the video in response to identifying the section.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising streaming the video to the devices.
24. The method of claim 20, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises sharing of user input associated with the video at a social networking system.
25. The method of claim 20, wherein determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement comprises determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement as a function of availability of the advertisement.
26. The method of claim 20, wherein determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement comprises determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement as a function of a number of times advertisements were previously inserted in the video.
27. The method of claim 20, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises user commenting on the video.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein determining the level of user interest comprises determining the level of user interest based on at least one of a number of users commenting on the video, a number of comments on video, or content of the comments.
29. The method of claim 20, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises a number of devices being streamed the video.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein determining the level of user interest comprises determining the level of user interest based on an increase or decrease in the number of devices being streamed the video.
31. The method of claim 20, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises a survey about the video, and wherein the survey comprises user input indicating that a user likes or dislikes the video.
32. The method of claim 20, wherein the user interaction with the video comprises at least one of pausing the video, re-winding the video, fast-forwarding the video, or a replaying of the video
33. The method of claim 20, further comprising monitoring user interaction with the devices at which the video is played, wherein determining the level of user interest comprises determining the level of user interest based on monitoring the user interaction with the devices at which the video is played, and wherein the user interaction with the devices at which the video is played comprises at least one of: user physical positioning with respect to the devices, user visual direction with respect to the devices, or movement of the devices.
34. The method of claim 20, further comprising monitoring secondary factors related to user interest in the video, wherein determining the level of user interest comprises determining the level of user interest based on monitoring the secondary factors, and wherein the secondary factors comprise at least one of: context of the devices, operating parameters of the devices, volume of the video, size of a player window in which the video is being played with respect to graphical user interfaces of the devices, a number of open windows in the graphical user interfaces of the devices, or a location of the player window with respect to other open windows in the graphical user interfaces of the devices.
35. The method of claim 20, wherein determining the level of user interest comprises determining the level of user interest via machine learning.
36. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
determining multiple levels of user interest corresponding to multiple events for the video based on monitoring the user interaction, wherein the levels of user interest comprise the level of user interest, and wherein the events comprise the event;
identifying multiple sections of the video associated with the events in response to the levels of user interest being above the predetermined threshold, wherein the sections comprise the section; and
ranking the sections of the video based on the corresponding levels of user interest, wherein steaming the section of the video is further in response to determining that the level of interest of the section is a highest level of user interest among the levels of user interest.
37. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform operations comprising:
monitoring user interaction with a video being streamed to one or more devices, wherein the video comprises a cue indicating a point in the video for insertion of an advertisement;
determining a level of user interest corresponding to an event for the video based on monitoring the user interaction;
identifying, by the processors, a section of the video associated with the event in response to the level of user interest being above a predetermined threshold;
determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement; and
streaming the section of the video to a device again for replaying of the section of the video at the point in the video in response to identifying the section and determining to replay the section of the video instead of inserting the advertisement.

1. A method of preparing a solid fat product from vegetable soap stock comprising heating to above 85 degree C., adding an alkali, drying to less than 18% moisture, and cooling to below 45 degree C. to convert the vegetable soap stock into the solid fat product in dry form.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the alkali is calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or in combination.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the product is used as bypass fat for rumen.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein a vacuum process is used to remove the moisture in the product.
5. A method of preparing a solid fat product from air flotation sludge fat comprising heating to above 85 degree C., adding an alkali, drying to less than 18% moisture, and cooling to below 45 degree C. to convert the sludge fat into the solid fat product in dry form.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the alkali is calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or in combination.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the product is used as bypass fat for rumen.
8. The method of claim 5 wherein a vacuum process is used to remove the moisture in the product.
9. A method of preparing a solid fat product from a liquid fat or oil ingredient with more than 15% free fatty acid level on a fat basis comprising heating to above 85 degree C., adding an alkali, drying to less than 18% moisture, and cooling to below 45 degree C. to convert the liquid oil into the solid fat product in dry form.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the oil has more than 15% free fatty acid level on a fat basis from vegetable, animal or industrial source.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the alkali is calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or in combination.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein the product is used as bypass fat for rumen.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein the product is used for protecting nutritional ingredients.
14. The method of claim 9 wherein a vacuum process is used to remove the moisture in the product.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A process for ascertaining the force preload in first and second antifriction bearings which enable one machine component to rotate relative to another machine component about an axis of rotation, each bearing having raceways located oblique to the axis and rolling elements between the raceways, so that the bearings will accommodate both radial and axial loads, the first and second bearings being mounted in opposition to accommodate axial loads in both axial directions; said process comprising:
initially installing for the first and second bearings between the two components,
exerting a known axial force on the first and second bearings such that the force transfers through the rolling elements of the bearings;
measuring the torque imparted by the bearings when the bearings are initially installed;
establishing a torque signature from the know force and the measured torque;
again installing the bearings between the two components with a preload;
measuring the torque imparted by the reinstalled bearings; and
from the torque measured in the reinstalled bearings and from the torque signature, determining the force preload in the reinstalled bearings.
2. The process according to claim 1 the step of exerting a known axial force on the first and second bearings comprises: interposing between the rolling elements of the second bearing and one of the raceways of the second bearing first and second gauge elements, and the known force urges the gauge elements apart.
3. The process according to claim 2 wherein the known force is produced by a spring between the first and second gauge elements.
4. The process according to claim 1 and further comprising imparting a known dimensional preload to the bearings when they are reinstalled between the first and second machine components.
5. The process according to claim 1 wherein the known force is applied by and the dimensional preload is determined with a gauge having a first gauge element which is applied to one of the raceways of the second bearing and by a second gauge element which is applied to the rolling elements of the second bearing, a third gauge element which positions a race on which one of the raceways of the second bearing is located a known distance from a reference surface that is in a fixed position on one of the machine components, and a spring which urges the first and second gauge elements apart.
6. The process according to claim 1 wherein the raceways are tapered and the rolling elements are tapered rollers.
7. The process according to claim 1 wherein the torque signature is a function of the axial load applied to the bearings and the torque required to effect rotation of one of the machine components relative to the other machine component.
8. A process for installing first and second tapered roller bearings between two machine components to enable one of the components to rotate relative to the other component about an axis of rotation, each of the bearings having inner and outer tapered raceways and tapered rollers arranged in a single row between the raceways, the first and second bearings being mounted in opposition, with one of the raceways of the second bearing being on a positional race, the axial position of which determines the setting for the bearings, the positional race having a first conical envelope along it and the other raceway of the second bearing having a second conical envelope along it, which conical envelopes match and are coincident when the second bearing is fully assembled, one of the conical envelopes being defined by the tapered rollers; said process comprising:
fitting the first component to the second component with the first bearing between the two components and with the tapered rollers of the first bearing seated against the inner and outer raceways for the first bearing;
fitting the second bearing between the two components with its conical envelopes separated axially and with a gauge interposed between the axially separated first and second conical envelopes, the gauge having elements which exert a known axially directed force on the second bearing at its separated conical elements;
with the gauge, determining the size of a spacer, which when between the positional race and a reference surface on one of the components, will provide the bearings with a desired dimensional preload;
determining the torque required to effect rotation of one machine component relative to the other under the known axial force,
determining the torque signature for the bearings from the known axial force and the torque required by the bearings under that force;
removing the gauge and fitting the second bearings between the two components with its conical envelopes coincident and with the two bearings having the desired dimensional preload; and
measuring the torque required to effect rotation between the first and second machine components when the bearings have the desired dimensional preload; and
from the torque measured when the bearings have the desired dimensional preload and from the torque signature, determining the force preload in the bearings.
9. The process according to claim 8 wherein the torque signature for the bearings is a function of the axial load in the bearings and the torque required to rotate one component relative to the other component in the absence of any other load on the components.
10. The process according to claim 9 wherein the gauge comprises:
a first element provided with a tapered surface that seats against the first conical envelope, a second element provided with a tapered surface that seats against the second conical envelope, and a spring which urges the first and second elements apart and thereby produces the known axial force.
11. The process according to claim 10 wherein the gauge has third element which can shift axially relative to the first and second elements and has a fixed axial dimension; and wherein the step of determining the size of a spacer comprises:
placing one end of the third element of the gauge against the reference surface;
placing the positional race against the other end of the third element;
and determining the difference between the distance between equal diameters on the tapered surfaces of the first and second envelopes and the fixed axial dimension of the third element.
12. A process for installing a shaft in a housing, said process comprising:
installing a first tapered bearing between the shaft and the housing, with the first bearing having a tapered inner raceway carried by the shaft, a tapered outer raceway carried by the housing, and tapered rollers arranged in a single row between the inner and outer raceways;
installing a tapered outer raceway for a second bearing in the housing in the indirect configuration with respect to the first bearing;
positioning a reference surface along the shaft;
fitting a gauge to the outer raceway of the second bearing and against the reference surface along the shaft;
fitting an inner race and tapered rollers for the second bearing to the gauge with the inner race having a tapered inner raceway and the rollers being along the raceway, the inner race and tapered rollers being against the gauge;
with the gauge, applying a known axial face to the bearings, which force urges the rollers of the first bearing against their raceways and urges the rollers of the second bearing against the inner raceway for that bearing and the gauge and also urges the gauge against the outer raceway for the second bearing;
measuring the torque required by the bearings under the known axial load;
determining the torque signature for the bearings from the measured torque and the known force;
with the gauge, determining the thickness of a spacer which will provide the bearings with a desired dimensional preload;
removing the gauge from the outer raceway of the second bearing and removing the inner race and rollers of the second bearing from the gauge;
providing a spacer having the thickness determined and placing the spacer against the reference surface;
installing the inner race of the second bearing over the shaft and the rollers for the second bearing along the outer raceway for the second bearing;
securing the inner race of the second bearing on the shaft and against the spacer, so that the bearings possess the desired dimensional preload;
measuring the torque required by the bearings when under the desired dimensional preload; and
from the torque measured at the dimensional preload and the torque signature, determining the force preload in the bearings.
13. The process according to claim 12 wherein the gauge comprises: a first element having a tapered surface that seats against the tapered outer raceway of the second bearing; a second element which may shift axially with respect to the first element and has a tapered surface against which the rollers of the second bearing seat, a third element which has a fixed axial dimension and can shift axially with respect to the first and second elements, the third element being fitted between and contacting the reference surface and the inner race of the second bearing; and a spring for urging the first and second elements apart to seat the rollers of the first bearing against the raceways of the first bearing, to seat the rollers of the second bearing against the raceway on the inner race of the second bearing and the tapered surface of the second element, and to seat the tapered surface of the first element against the outer raceway of the second bearing; and wherein the step of determining the thickness of the spacer includes determining the distance between equivalent diameters on the tapered surfaces of the first and second elements and subtracting that distance from the fixed axial dimension of the third element.