Author: claimsbot

1. An exhaust aftertreatment system, comprising:
a NOx adsorber-catalyst configured to treat an exhaust flow;
an SCR catalyst configured to adsorb ammonia released by the NOx adsorber-catalyst during denitration and to subsequently use the ammonia to reduce NOx in the exhaust;
a particulate filter located upstream of the NOx adsorber-catalyst or downstream of the SCR catalyst; and
means for preventing the SCR catalyst from becoming heated to near the same peak temperatures as the NOx adsorber-catalyst during desulfation of the NOx adsorber-catalyst, the means being disposed between the NOx adsorber-catalyst and the SCR catalyst;
wherein the means comprises a flow diverter configured to prevent the exhaust leaving the NOx adsorber-catalyst from entering the SCR catalyst during desulfation of the NOx adsorber-catalyst.
2. A method of desulfating an NOx adsorber-catalyst in an exhaust aftertreatment system comprising an NOx adsorber-catalyst followed by an SCR catalyst, comprising:
in a first step, providing a flow of gas heated to at least about 650\xb0 C. to the NOx adsorber-catalyst, wherein the flow of gas passes through the NOx adsorber-catalyst and then the SCR catalyst;
maintaining the flow until a time after the NOx adsorber-catalyst has been heated by the gas to at least about 650\xb0 C., but terminating the flow before the SCR catalyst has reached a temperature of 550\xb0 C.;
in a second step, providing a second flow of gas at a temperature of about 500\xb0 C. or less to the NOx adsorber-catalyst, wherein the second flow of gas passes through the NOx adsorber-catalyst and then the SCR catalyst;
maintaining the second flow until a time after the NOx adsorber-catalyst has been cooled by the gas to a temperature at or below about 550\xb0 C.;
repeating the first and second steps at least several times to complete the desulfation.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein there is a device between the NOx adsorber-catalyst and the SCR catalyst, the device having a substantial thermal mass in comparison to the SCR catalyst.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the thermal mass is a particulate filter.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein exhaust aftertreatment system comprises a particulate filter either upstream of the NOx adsorber-catalyst or downstream of the SCR catalyst.
6. A method of desulfating an NOx adsorber-catalyst in an exhaust aftertreatment system comprising an NOx adsorber-catalyst followed by an SCR catalyst, comprising:
cycling the temperature of the NOx adsorber-catalyst;
creating a reducing environment in the NOx adsorber-catalyst during portions of the cycles where the NOx adsorber-catalyst is at temperatures effective for desulfation;
wherein the cycles have peak temperatures in a range effective for desulfation and an average temperature that is at least 100\xb0 C. lower;
wherein peak temperature reached by the SCR catalyst during the cycles is at least 100\xb0 C. lower than the peak temperature reached by the NOx adsorber-catalyst.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A method for verifying an electronic financial transaction, the method comprising:
generating a user interface comprising a security code, the user interface associating different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, and associating at least one code portion with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion;
detecting activation of the user input device in a manner that generates a code; and
determining whether the code generated by activation of the user input device corresponds to the security code.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the security code is a sequence of numerals.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a user interface comprises inserting the portions of the security code in a random order in the user interface.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the order of the portions of the security code changes each time the code is inserted.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a user interface comprises inserting, in the user interface, symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code so that the symbols are associated with different parts of the user input device by the user interface.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting a financial transaction card;
generating a user interface comprising a query for a second security code;
detecting activation of a user input device in a manner that generates a code; and
generating a message to have the generated code validated.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the financial transaction card comprises a magnetic strip storing card owner identity data.
8. A system for verifying an electronic financial transaction, the system comprising:
a display device operable to display a user interface;
a user input device comprising parts operable to detect user activation in a manner that generates a code; and
a processor operable to:
generate a user interface comprising a security code, the user interface associating different portions of the code with different parts of the user input device, and associating at least one code portion with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion, and
determine whether the code generated by activation of the user input device corresponds to the security code.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further operable to insert the portions of the security code in a random order in the user interface.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the order of the portions of the security code changes each time the code is inserted.
11. The system of claim 9, wherein the processor is further operable to randomize the order of the security code portions in the user interface.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor, in generating amuser interface, is further operable to insert symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code in the user interface so that the symbols are associated with different parts of the user input device by the user interface.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the user input device comprises Automated Teller Machine function selection keys.
14. The system of claim 8, further comprising a card reader for detecting and reading a financial transaction card, wherein the processor is further operable to generate a user interface comprising a query for a second security code and generate a message to have a generated code validated.
15. An article comprising a machine-readable medium storing instructions operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
generating a user interface comprising a security code, the user interface associating different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, and associating at least one code portion with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion;
detecting activation of the user input device in a manner that generates a code; and
determining whether the code generated by activation of the user input device corresponds to the security code.
16. The article of claim 15, wherein generating a user interface comprises inserting the portions of the security code are in a random order in the user interface.
17. The article of claim 16, wherein the order of the portion of the security code changes each time the code is inserted.
18. The article of claim 15, wherein generating a user interface comprises inserting symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code in the user interface so that the symbols that are associated with different parts of the user input device by the user interface.
19. The article of claim 15, wherein the instructions are further operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
detecting a financial transaction card;
generating a user interface comprising a query for a second security code;
detecting activation of a user input device in a manner that generated a code; and
generating a message to have the detected code validated.
20. A method for verifying an electronic financial transaction, the method comprising:
receiving a message comprising identity data for an electronic financial transaction;
retrieving a security code associated with the identity data, the security code for presentation in a user interface that associates different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, with at least one code portion being associated with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion; and
generating a message including the security code.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
randomizing the order of the portions of the security code; and
inserting the randomized order into the message along with the security code.
22. The method of claim 21, further comprising inserting symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code into the randomized order.
23. The method of claim 20, further comprising determining whether the security code is required.
24. A system for verifying an electronic financial transaction, the system comprising:
a memory operable to store identity data for card owners and associated security codes;
a communication interface operable to receive a message comprising identity data for an electronic financial transaction; and
a processor operable to:
retrieve a security code associated with the identity data, the security code for presentation in a user interface that associates different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, with at least one code portion being associated with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion, and
generate a message including the security code.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the processor is further operable to:
randomize the order of the portions of the security code; and
insert the randomized order into the message along with the security code.
26. The system of claim 25, wherein the processor is further operable to insert symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code into the randomized order.
27. The system of claim 24, wherein the processor is further operable to determine whether the security code is required.
28. An article comprising a machine-readable medium storing instructions operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
detecting a message comprising identity data for an electronic financial transaction;
retrieving a security code associated with the identity data, the security code for presentation in a user interface that associates different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, with at least one code portion being associated with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion; and
generating a message including the security code.
29. The article of claim 28, wherein the instructions are further operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising:
randomizing the order of the portions of the security code; and
inserting the randomized order into the message along with the security code.
30. The article of claim 29, wherein the instructions are further operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising inserting symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code into the randomized order.
31. The article of claim 28, wherein the instructions are further operable to cause one or more machines to perform operations comprising determining whether the security code is required.
32. A system for verifying an electronic financial transaction, the system comprising:
a remote financial transaction station operable to:
detect a financial transaction card comprising a magnetic strip storing card owner identity data,
read the data from the card,
generate a user interface comprising a query for a first security code,
detect activation of a user input device in a manner that generates a code,
generate a message comprising card owner identity data and the generated code,
receive a response message,
determine whether the generated code was validated,
if the generated code was validated, determine whether a second security code was received in the response message,
if a second security code was received, generate a user interface comprising:
the second security code, the user interface associating different portions of the code with different parts of a user input device, and associating at least one code portion with a user input device part having visual indicia dissimilar to the visual representation of the code portion, the portions of the code in a random order in the user interface, and
symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code so that the symbols are associated with different parts of the user input device,

detect activation of the user input device in a manner that generates a second code,

and
determine whether the second generated code corresponds to the second security code; and

a financial transaction manager operable to:
receive the message comprising card owner identity data and the generated code,
determine whether the generated code is valid by examining a card file,
if the generated code is valid, determine whether the second security code is required,
if the second security code is required, retrieve the second security code, the second security code associated with the identity data,
randomize the order of the portions of the second security code,
insert into the randomized order symbols that are comparable to the code portions but that are not part of the security code, and
generate a message including the second security code and the randomized, symbol-inserted version of the second security code.

1. A module terminal to be incorporated into a module, the module terminal being provided for inputtingoutputting electric power tofrom a plurality of laminated battery cells of a battery pack of the module, each of the laminated battery cells including an interior electrode pair, a separator, an electrolyte, and a sheath which seals the interior electrode pair, the separator, and the electrolyte, the module terminal including:
a terminal main body which comprises a metallic plate, which includes a terminal portion for fixing an electric wiring in cooperation with a male screw, and which is electrically connected to the battery pack; and
an insulative interference preventive member which is a separate part from the terminal main body, from the sheath of said each of the laminated battery cells, and from a casing which accommodates the battery cells, and which is mounted on the terminal main body,
wherein the terminal main body or the interference preventive member includes a female screw portion for screwing the male screw therethrough such that a distal end of the male screw faces an end face of the battery pack, and
wherein the interference preventive member is disposed between the distal end of the male screw that is screwed into the female screw portion and the end face of the battery pack, such that the interference preventive member includes a mounting portion detachably mounted on the terminal main body and a wall portion disposed between the distal end of the male screw that is screwed into the female screw portion and the end face of the battery pack.
2. The module terminal of claim 1, wherein the terminal main body is formed by one end portion of the terminal portion, and the female screw portion is provided in the terminal portion.
3. The module terminal of claim 2, wherein the interference preventive member is provided with biasing means for biasing the interference preventive member towards the terminal portion of the terminal main body in which the female screw portion is formed.
4. The module terminal of claim 2, wherein, in the terminal main body, a cylindrical bulge portion is drawn from the terminal portion, and the female screw portion is formed on an inner circumferential surface of the bulge portion.
5. The module terminal of claim 2, wherein a flat plate-shaped mounting area is formed on the terminal main body,
wherein the mounting portion of the interference preventive member includes a flat plate-shaped base portion and a flexible clip-like mounting piece which is disposed parallel to a bottom surface of the base portion with a constant space defined therebetween, one side edges of the base portion and the mounting piece being connected, and
wherein the interference preventive member is slidably mounted on the terminal main body by holding the mounting area with the base portion and the mounting piece.
6. The module terminal of claim 5, wherein the mounting portion of the interference preventive member is fitted in the mounting area of the terminal main body from other side edges of the base portion and the mounting piece which are opened, and dislodgement preventive claws are formed on the other side edges of the base portion and the mounting piece so as to engage with edges of the mounting area.
7. The module terminal of claim 5, wherein, in the terminal main body, an end portion of the mounting area which lies closer to another end portion is bent to form a bent portion as a stopper which restricts a sliding range of the interference preventive member.
8. The module terminal of claim 1, wherein the interference preventive member includes the female screw portion so as to face the wall portion.
9. The module terminal of claim 8, wherein the female screw portion includes a female screw holder which faces the wall portion and a nut member which is mounted in the female screw holder.
10. The module terminal of claim 9, wherein the female screw holder is configured to be inserted in an angular tube-shaped extending portion formed in the casing that accommodates the battery pack and abuts an inner circumferential surface of the extending portion by a rotational moment received via the female screw holder from the male screw to restrict an entrainment of the interference preventive member.
11. The module terminal of claim 10, wherein the interference preventive member includes a side wall on each of side surfaces so as to be connected to the wall portion and the female screw holder, and when the side walls are inserted in the angular tube-shaped extending portion, the side walls abut the inner circumferential surface of the extending portion by the rotational moment received via the interference preventive member from the male screw to restrict the entrainment of the interference preventive member.
12. The module terminal of claim 10, wherein the terminal portion is formed by one end portion of the terminal main body, and a mounting area is formed on a portion of the terminal main body other than the one end portion,
wherein the female screw holder includes a front wall portion formed to face the terminal portion of the terminal main body and a circumferential wall portion which covers a circumference of the terminal portion, and the front wall portion and the circumferential wall portion are connected to each other,
wherein the interference preventive member includes locking claws formed at the mounting portion so as to elastically engage with the mounting area of the terminal main body,
wherein the female screw holder includes a cutout portion formed in a part of the circumferential wall portion to introduce the terminal portion of the terminal main body to be guided to an opposite position to the front wall portion,
wherein, during introducing the terminal portion of the terminal main body from the cutout portion to be guided to the opposite position to the front wall portion, the locking claws elastically engage with the mounting area of the terminal main body,
wherein the terminal main body includes a positioning hole in the mounting area,
wherein the interference preventive member includes a positioning pin which is inserted into the positioning hole,
wherein, during introducing the terminal portion of the terminal main body from the cutout portion to be guided to the opposite position to the front wall portion, the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole, and
wherein the positioning pin is formed into a pyramid shape which is tapered from a proximal end towards a distal end thereof and is sized such that side vertexes continues abutting an inner circumference of the positioning hole at the proximal end.
13. The module terminal of claim 10, wherein the female screw holder includes a circumferential wall portion which covers a circumference of the terminal portion of the terminal main body.
14. The module terminal of claim 13, wherein the terminal portion is formed by one end portion of the terminal main body, and a mounting area is formed on a portion of the terminal main body other than the one end portion, and
wherein the interference preventive member includes locking claws formed to elastically engage with both side edges of the mounting area from an outside to project further than a bottom surface of the mounting area.
15. The module terminal of claim 14, wherein the female screw holder includes a front wall portion formed to face the terminal portion of the terminal main body, and the front wall portion and the circumferential wall portion are connected to each other,
wherein the female screw holder includes a cutout portion formed in a part of the circumferential wall portion to introduce the terminal portion of the terminal main body to be guided to an opposite position to the front wall portion, and
wherein, by introducing the terminal portion of the terminal main body from the cutout portion to be guided to the opposite position to the front wall portion, the locking claws elastically engage with both the side edges of the mounting area of the terminal main body from the outside, and the circumferential wall portion of the female screw holder covers the circumference of the terminal portion of the terminal main body.
16. The module terminal of claim 1, wherein the terminal main body is formed by bending three-dimensionally the metallic plate, and the terminal main body includes a twisted portion formed by twisting upwardly and then drawing perpendicularly an intermediate portion of the metallic plate.
17. The module terminal of claim 1, wherein the mounting portion of the interference preventive member includes a flat plate-shaped base portion and a mounting piece which is disposed parallel to a bottom surface of the base portion with a constant space defined therebetween.
18. The module terminal of claim 17, wherein a side edge of the base portion and a side edge of the mounting piece are connected to form a substantially U-shape portion of the mounting portion.
19. The module terminal of claim 18, wherein another side edge of the base portion and another side edge of the mounting piece are opened, and dislodgement preventive claws are formed on said another side edge of the base portion and said another side edge of the mounting piece to engage with edges of the terminal main body by slidably mounting the interference preventive member on the terminal main body.
20. The module terminal of claim 19, wherein the mounting piece comprises a rib located on a surface of the mounting piece which faces the base portion, the rib being configured to deflect the mounting piece from a mounting area of the terminal main body to prevent the interference preventive member from moving over the mounting area.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A modular rolling mill, comprising:
a plurality of separate rolling units arranged along a mill pass line, each rolling unit having at least two pairs of work rolls carried on roll shafts, intermediate drive trains contained within said rolling units for mechanically coupling said roll shafts to input shafts, the input shafts of said rolling units being parallel to each other and projecting to a first side of said pass line from their respective rolling units;
a line shaft parallel to and on the first side of said pass line;
means for driving said line shaft;
parallel output shafts mechanically coupled by bevel gear sets to said line shaft, said output shafts projecting laterally from said line shaft towards said pass line; and
coupling means for connecting each of said output shafts to a respective one of said input shafts, said coupling means being separable to accommodate selective removal of said rolling units to a second side of said pass line opposite to said first side.
2. The modular rolling mill of claim 1 wherein said line shaft is subdivided into segments mechanically connected to said output shafts by said bevel gears sets, and further comprising clutches joining said line shaft segments, said clutches being alternatively adjustable to mechanically connect or disconnect the thus joined line shaft segments.
3. The modular rolling mill of claims 1 or 2 further comprising a network of tracks on the second side of said pass line for receiving and conveying rolling units removed from said pass line.
4. The modular rolling mill of claim 1 wherein said means for driving comprises a motor coupled directly to said line shaft.