1. A galactose-solasodine conjugate of the general formula 2
wherein R1 is benzylidene, 4-nitrobenzylidene or 4-methoxybenzylidene, and each R2 independently is benzoyl, acetyl or pivaloyl.
2. A method for the preparation of the galactose-solasodine conjugate as defined in claim 1, comprising the reaction of solasodine with a galactopyranosyl donor of general formula 1
wherein each R2 independently is benzoyl, acetyl or pivaloyl, R1 is benzylidene, 4-nitrobenzylidene, or 4-methoxybenzylidene, and R3 is halogen, SEt or SPh.
3. A method for the preparation of solasonine comprising the silylation of the diol of formula 3(1) to give a selectively silylated product in the OH-3 position of formula 3(2)
wherein R1 is a benzilidene, 4-nitrobenzilidene, or 4-methoxybenzylidene acetal protecting group, obtained by glycosylation of OH-2 with an \u03b1-L-rhamnopyranosyl donor, followed by deprotection of the silyl group on the hydroxyl OH-3 and a further glycosylation of the hydroxyl OH-3 with an \u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl donor to yield the protected solasonine of formula 6(1), which is de-acetalised and de-esterified to yield a solasonine of formula 6(2)
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the D-glucopyranosyl donor is tetra-O-benzoyl-\u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl bromide, tetra-O-acetyl-\u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl bromide or tetra-O-pivaloyl-\u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl bromide.
5. The method according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the reaction of solasodine with a galactopyranosyl donor is carried out in the presence of a promoter selected from silver triflate, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, trimethylsilyl triflate bromide, N-iodosuccinimide, or dimethyl thiomethyl sulfonium triflate.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the protected glycoside is deprotected in methanol-dichloromethane solution by treatment with sodium methoxide, followed by neutralization with a mild acid ion-exchange resin.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6 are protected by acetalisation with Benzaldehyde dimethoxy acetal in DMF and a catalytic amount of para-toluene sulphonic acid.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the rhamnose donor is tri-O-benzoyl-\u03b1-L-rhamnopyranosyl bromide, or a glycoside of the general formula 4
wherein each R1 independently is benzoyl, acetyl or pivaloyl; and
R2 is halogen, SEt or SPh.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein the \u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl donor is tetra-O-benzoyl-\u03b1-D-glucopyranosyl bromide or a glycoside of the general formula 5
wherein each R1 is benzoyl, acetyl or pivaloyl; and R2 is SEt, SPh or halogen.
10. The method of claim 3, wherein the protected solasonine is de-acetalised and de-esterified by treatment with 80% acetic and then sodium methoxide solution in methanol-dichloromethane, followed by neutralization with a mild acid ion-exchange resin.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A heart rate measuring device, worn by a subject, comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode;
a plurality of optical indicating units;
a signal processing circuit, coupled to the first electrode and the second electrode; and
a control unit, coupled to the signal processing circuit and the optical indicating units, wherein when the first electrode and the second electrode are both in contact with the subject, the control unit provides electrocardiographic signals by using the first electrode, the second electrode and the signal processing circuit, the control unit further controlling the optical indicating units to output electrocardiographic signals.
2. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are used to detect the electrocardiographic signals.
3. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are used to detect electrocardiographic signals, the signal processing unit used to process the detected electrocardiographic signals.
4. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, wherein the heart rate measuring device is off when the first electrode and the second electrode are not both in contact with both hands of the subject.
5. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, wherein the optical indicating units include a first optical indicating unit, a second optical indicating unit, a third optical indicating unit and a fourth optical indicating unit, indicating that the subject is detected with cardiac arrhythmia as all four lights are on or flashing.
6. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, wherein the optical indicating units include a first optical indicating unit, a second optical indicating unit, a third optical indicating unit and a fourth optical indicating unit, indicating that the heart rate of the subject is too slow as the first optical indicating unit is on.
7. The heart rate measuring device of claim 6, wherein when the second optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is normal.
8. The heart rate measuring device of claim 6, wherein when the third optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is a little fast.
9. The heart rate measuring device of claim 6, wherein when the third optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is too fast.
10. The heart rate measuring device of claim 1, further including an audio indicating unit coupled to the control unit.
11. The heart rate measuring device of claim 10, wherein the audio indicating unit makes a sound with each heart beat along the electrocardiographic signals.
12. A heart rate measuring method, used to measure a subject’s heart rate, comprising:
providing a first electrode and a second electrode;
providing a plurality of optical indicating units;
when the first electrode and the second electrode are both in contact with the subject, the device starts measuring the heart rate of the subject to generate electrocardiographic signals; and
controlling the optical indicating units to output the electrocardiographic signals.
13. The heart rate measuring method of claim 12, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are both used to detect the electrocardiographic signals.
14. The heart rate measuring method of claim 12, wherein the heart rate measuring progression is stopped when the first electrode and the second electrode are not both in contact with the subject’s hands.
15. The heart rate measuring method of claim 12, wherein the optical indicating units include a first optical indicating unit, a second optical indicating unit, a third optical indicating unit, and a fourth optical indicating unit, when all the optical indicating units are on or flashing, indicating that the subject is detected with cardiac arrhythmia as all four lights are on or flashing.
16. The heart rate measuring method of claim 12, wherein the optical indicating units include a first optical indicating unit, a second optical indicating unit, a third optical indicating unit and a fourth optical indicating unit, indicating that the heart rate of the subject is too slow as the first optical indicating unit is on.
17. The heart rate measuring method of claim 16, wherein when the second optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is normal.
18. The heart rate measuring method of claim 16, wherein when the third optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is a little fast.
19. The heart rate measuring method of claim 16, wherein when the third optical indicating unit is on, the subject’s heart rate is too fast.
20. The heart rate measuring method of claim 16, further including an audio indicating unit coupled to the control unit, the audio indicating unit making a sound with each heart beat along the electrocardiographic signals.