Author: claimsbot

1. A bit error rate tester for counting a number of bit errors of an object to be tested, and the bit error rate tester comprising:
a transmitter pseudo random bit sequences generator for generating a parallel N-bit original pseudo random bit sequences, wherein N is an integer greater than 1 and the object to be tested outputs a parallel N-bit code to be tested after receiving the original pseudo random bit sequences;
a master pseudo random bit sequences generator for generating a parallel N-bit master pseudo random bit sequences;
a slave pseudo random bit sequences generator for generating a parallel N-bit slave pseudo random bit sequences;
a comparator for receiving, comparing, and determining whether the parallel N-bit code to be tested, the master pseudo random bit sequences, and the slave pseudo random bit sequences are the same or not, and outputting a comparison result; and
a counting unit coupling to the comparator for counting the number of bit errors based on the comparison result;
wherein, each of the transmitter pseudo random bit sequences generator, the master pseudo random bit sequences generator, and the slave pseudo random bit sequences generator comprises:
a pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit for generating a parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences having a maximum pattern length of 2M\u22121, where M and P are the integers greater than 1, comprising:
a plurality of pre-counting circuits, each of the pre-counting circuits is used to perform a logic operation based on one of a plurality algorithms and output one of a plurality of (N+P\u22121)-bit pre-counting results;
at least one multiplexer module, comprising (N+P\u22121) multiplexers, each of the (N+P\u22121) multiplexers outputs one bit of one of the (N+P\u22121)-bit pre-counting results based on a pattern length selection signal; and
at least a register module, comprising (N+P\u22121) registers, each of the (N+P\u22121) registers temporarily storing an output of one of the (N+P\u22121) multiplexers based on a timing and outputs one bit of the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences;

wherein, each of the pre-counting circuits receives the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences and performs the logic operation on the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences based on the one of the algorithms, so as to output one of the pre-counting results, respectively; and
a mark density control circuit for receiving the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences, and changing a mark density of the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences based on a mark density selection signal for outputting the parallel N-bit original pseudo random bit sequences, the parallel N-bit master pseudo random bit sequences, or the parallel N-bit slave pseudo random bit sequences respectively having a minimum mark density of \xbdP.
2. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein the counting unit further counts a number of comparisons based on the comparison result, so as to obtain a bit error rate of the object to be tested from the number of comparisons and the number of bit errors.
3. The bit error rate tester of claim 1 wherein the object to be tested is a data transmission system.
4. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein the slave pseudo random bit sequences generator receives the parallel N-bit code to be tested, and generates the parallel N-bit slave pseudo random bit sequences based on the current parallel N-bit code to be tested.
5. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein except receiving the parallel N-bit code to be tested in order to generate the parallel N-bit master pseudo random bit sequences in a predetermined period, the master pseudo random bit sequences generator does not receive the code to be tested but automatically generates master pseudo random bit sequences.
6. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein the counting unit comprises:
an encoder for receiving the comparison result from the comparator, encoding the number of error bits for current comparison to a plurality of numbers of error occurrences based on the comparison result, and outputting the numbers of error occurrences;
an operating circuit for receiving and summating the numbers of error occurrences, and outputting a number of current errors; and
an accumulating circuit for sequentially receiving and summating each time’s number of current errors, and outputting the number of bit errors.
7. The bit error rate tester of claim 6, wherein the operating circuit comprises:
a plurality of first adders, wherein each of the first adders receives and summates two of the corresponding numbers of error occurrences, and outputs a medium number of errors, respectively; and
a second adder for receiving and summating the medium numbers of errors, and outputting the number of current errors.
8. The bit error rate tester of claim 6, wherein the accumulating circuit comprises:
an accumulator for summating a previous accumulation result to the number of current errors, and outputting a current accumulation result; and
a counter for counting a number of overflow for a most significant bit of the current accumulation result generated by the accumulator, and outputting a counting result, wherein a combination of the counting result and the accumulation result is the number of bit errors.
9. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein if an sth stage multiplexer module among the multiplexer modules is represented by MUXs, and an sth stage register module among the register modules is represented by REGs, where s is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to
\u2308

M
N

\u2309

,
input terminals of REGsare coupled to output terminals of MUXs respectively, and output terminals of REGs are coupled to part of input terminals of MUXs\u22121.
10. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein one of the algorithms is Yx=Yx\u22127\u2295Yx\u22126, where Yx, represents an xth bit of the pseudo random bit sequences generated by the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, and x is an integer greater than 0.
11. The bit error rate tester of claim 1, wherein the mark density control circuit comprises:
N mark density controllers MDCn for parallely receiving a plurality of outputs Zn\u02dcZn+P\u22121 from the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, and determining the mark density of the pseudo random bit sequences Dn to be \xbd\u02dc\xbdP based on the control from the mark density selection signal and outputting Dn, where Zn represents an output of the nth bit from the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, MDCn represents the nth mark density controller, Dn represents an output of the nth mark density controller, and n is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N.
12. A pseudo random bit sequences generator, comprising:
a pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit for generating a parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences having a maximum pattern length of 2.sup.M\u22121, where M and P are the integers greater than 1, comprising:
a plurality of pre-counting circuits, each of the pre-counting circuits is used to perform a logic operation based on one of a plurality algorithms and output one of a plurality of (N+P\u22121)-bit pre-counting results;
at least one multiplexer module, comprising (N+P\u22121) multiplexers, each of the (N+P\u22121) multiplexers outputs one bit of one of the (N+P\u22121)-bit pre-counting results based on a pattern length selection signal; and

at least a register module, comprising (N+P\u22121) registers, each of the (N+P\u22121) registers temporarily storing an output of one of the (N+P\u22121) multiplexers based on a timing and outputs one bit of the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences;
wherein, each of the pre-counting circuits receives the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences and performs the logic operation on the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences based on the one of the algorithms, so as to output one of the pre-counting results, respectively; and
a mark density control circuit for receiving the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences, and changing a mark density of the parallel (N+P\u22121)-bit source pseudo random bit sequences based on a mark density selection signal for outputting a parallel N-bit pseudo random bit sequences having a minimum mark density of \xbdp.
13. The pseudo random bit sequence generator of claim 12, wherein if an sth stage multiplexer module among the multiplexer modules is represented by MUXs, and an sth stage register module among the register modules is represented by REGs, where s is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to
\u2308

M
N

\u2309

,
input terminals of REGs are coupled to output terminals of MUXs respectively, and output terminals of REGs are coupled to part of input terminals of MUXs\u22121.
14. The pseudo random bit sequence generator of claim 12, wherein one of the algorithms is Yx=Yx\u22127\u2295Yx\u22126, where Yx represents an xth bit of the pseudo random bit sequences generated by the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, and x is an integer greater than 0.
15. The pseudo random bit sequences generator of claim 12, wherein the mark density control circuit comprises:
N mark density controllers MDCn for parallely receiving a plurality of outputs Zn\u02dcZn+p\u22121 from the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, and determining the mark density of the pseudo random bit sequences Dn to be \xbd\u02dc\xbdP based on the control from the mark density selection signal and outputting Dn, where Zn represents an output of the nth bit from the pseudo random bit sequences generating circuit, MDCn represents the nth mark density controller, Dn represents an output of the nth mark density controller, and n is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for maintaining the health of an electrical storage device, the method comprising:
measuring revolutions per unit time of an engine shaft of an internal combustion engine;
determining minimum revolutions per unit time necessary to provide at least a threshold minimum percentage of full operational output power of an alternator;
receiving a status signal indicating whether the engine shaft is coupled or decoupled with at least one wheel or drive track; and
sending a control signal to control the measured revolutions per unit time equal to or greater than the determined minimum revolutions per unit time if the status signal is indicative of decoupling.
2. The method according to claim 1 further comprising:
charging an electrical storage device with the alternator.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the threshold minimum percentage is greater than or equal to fifty percent of full operational output power of the alternator.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the threshold minimum percentage is equal to the approximately full operational output power of the alternator.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the minimum revolutions per unit time are within a range from approximately 1200 revolutions per minute to approximately 2000 revolutions per minute.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein status signal indicates that the engine shaft is decoupled when at least one of the following conditions is present: (a) a transmission being placed in neutral and (b) a vehicle being under an electrical propulsion mode.
7. The method according to claim 1 further comprising:
detecting a state-of-charge information associated with the electrical storage device;
adjusting a voltage outputted by the alternator based on the detected state-of-charge information.
8. The method according to claim 1 further comprising:
detecting state-of-charge information associated with the electrical storage device;
detecting a temperature associated with the electrical storage device;
adjusting the voltage outputted by a voltage regulator based on the detected state-of-charge information and the detected temperature.
9. A system for maintaining the health of an electrical storage device, the system comprising:
a tachometer for measuring revolutions per unit time of an engine shaft of an internal combustion engine;
a drive train sensor for providing a status signal indicating whether the engine shaft is coupled or decoupled with respect to at least one wheel or drive track to propel a vehicle;
a controller for determining minimum revolutions per unit time necessary to provide at least a threshold minimum percentage of full operational output power of an alternator; a controller for sending a control signal to control the measured revolutions per unit time equal to or greater than the determined minimum revolutions per unit time if the status signal is indicative of disengagement; and
a throttle actuator responsive to the control signal.
10. The system according to claim 9 further comprising:
an alternator for charging an electrical storage device.
11. The system according to claim 9 wherein the threshold minimum percentage is greater than or equal to fifty percent of full operational output power of the alternator.
12. The system according to claim 9 wherein the threshold minimum percentage is equal to the approximately full operational output power of the alternator.
13. The system according to claim 9 wherein the minimum revolutions per unit time are within a range from approximately 1200 revolutions per minute to approximately 2000 revolutions per minute.
14. The method according to claim 9 wherein status signal indicates that the engine shaft is decoupled when at least one of the following conditions is present: (a) a transmission being placed in neutral and (b) a vehicle being under an electrical propulsion mode.
15. The system according to claim 9 further comprising:
a state-of-charge device for providing a state-of-charge information associated with the electrical storage device; and
a voltage regulator for adjusting an output voltage outputted by the alternator based on the detected state-of-charge information.
16. The system according to claim 9 further comprising:
a state-of-charge device for providing a state-of-charge information associated with the electrical storage device;
a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature associated with the electrical storage device; and
adjusting the voltage outputted by the alternator based on the state-of-charge information and the detected temperature.

1.-23. (Canceled)
24. A device for connecting an optical fibre, comprising:
a connector adapted to be associated with at least one optical fibre and to be inserted into a receptacle along a predetermined insertion direction so as to realise an optical connection along an optical connection axis between said at least one optical fibre and least one connection component housed in the receptacle, wherein said optical connection axis is inclined at an angle of less than 20\xb0 with respect to said predetermined insertion direction and wherein said connector comprises:
a main body adapted to hold a first portion of an end part of at least one optical fibre and to leave a second portion of said end part of optical fibre projecting; and
a cover slidably associated with said main body and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one bare end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said cover further comprising at least one opening for the passage of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, said at least one opening being of a size which is much larger than the transversal size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions.
25. The device according to claim 24, wherein said predetermined length of said at least one bare end portion of optical fibre is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
26. The device according to claim 24, wherein said predetermined length of said at least one bare end portion of optical fibre is shorter than 3 mm.
27. The device according to claim 24, further comprising a lid associated with said cover and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said at least one opening is closed by said lid, and a second operational position, wherein said at least one opening is exposed to the outside.
28. The device according to claim 27, wherein when said cover is in its first operational position said lid is in its first operational position and when said cover is in its second operational position said lid is in its second operational position.
29. The device according to claim 24, wherein said main body comprises at least one guide element for said second portion of the end part of optical fibre.
30. The device according to claim 29, wherein said main body comprises:
a base body provided with at least one first seat adapted to house said first portion of the end part of said at least one optical fibre and defining said at least one guide element;
a first upper body adapted to be placed over and associated with said base body so as to define, at said first seat, a channel for housing said first portion of the end part of said at least one optical fibre; and
at least one element for clamping at least one initial part of said first portion of the end part of optical fibre onto said base body.
31. The device according to claim 30, wherein said base body and first upper body are made of moulded plastic material.
32. The device according to claim 30, wherein said base body comprises an upstream portion provided with a first seat for housing a fibre-optic cable including said at least one optical fibre.
33. The device according to claim 32, wherein said main body comprises a second upper body adapted to be associated with said base body at said upstream portion of the base body and provided with a second cable housing seat intended to cooperate with said first cable housing seat when said second upper body is positioned onto said upstream portion of the base body, to hold in position, in a substantially stable manner, said fibre-optic cable.
34. The device according to claim 24, having a size which allows its stable and precise housing in a cutting machine with a sliding blade for cutting optical fibres.
35. The device according to claim 24, wherein said receptacle comprises:
a connector housing seat extending along said predetermined insertion direction;
a member for guiding said connector in said housing seat;
a device for releasably blocking said connector in said housing seat; and
a device for aligning said at least one second portion of the end part of optical fibre with said at least one connection component along said optical connection axis.
36. The device according to claim 35, wherein said connector housing seat comprises an abutment surface which is active on said cover when the connector is inserted into the receptacle so as to move said cover from said first operational position to said second operational position.
37. The device according to claim 35, wherein said alignment device comprises a base structure, said at least one connection component being integrally associated therewith, and comprising at least one high precision groove extending parallel to said optical connection axis and adapted to house, in a condition of optical alignment with said at least one connection component along said optical connection axis, said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of end part of optical fibre.
38. The device according to claim 37, wherein said at least one high precision groove is inclined with respect to said optical connection axis at an angle equal to 1\xb0-3\xb0.
39. The device according to claim 37, further comprising a fibre blocking member integrally associated with said device for releasably blocking the connector and intended to cooperate with said base structure of the alignment device when the connector is inserted into the receptacle to hold, in a substantially stable manner, said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre in said at least one high precision groove.
40. The device according to claim 39, wherein said fibre blocking member comprises an element made of soft material and adapted to come into contact, when the connector is inserted into the receptacle, with said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre housed in said at least one high precision groove.
41. The device according to claim 35, wherein said alignment device comprises at least one ferule integrally associated with said connection component and provided with a calibrated hole extending parallel to said optical connection axis and adapted to receive said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre so that said fibre is substantially stable and in a condition of optical alignment with said connection component along said optical connection axis.
42. A connector for optical fibres, comprising:
a main body adapted to hold a first portion of an end part of at least one optical fibre and to let a second portion of said end part of optical fibre project;
a cover slidably associated with said main body and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one portion of a length greater than 3 mm of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said at least one portion of said second portion of the end part of the optical fibre being provided with a bare end portion, said cover further comprising at least one opening for the passage of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre; and
an elastic element interposed between said main body and said cover and such as to keep, in rest state, said cover in said first operational position, said at least one opening being of a size which is much larger than the transversal size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions.
43. A method for manufacturing a connector for optical fibres, comprising the following steps:
providing a main body adapted to hold a first portion of an end part of at least one optical fibre and to let a second portion of said end part of optical fibre project;
providing a cover adapted to slide on said main body between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one portion of a length greater than 3 mm of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said at least one portion of said second portion of the end part of the optical fibre being provided with a bare end portion;
providing an elastic element between said main body and said cover, said elastic element being such as to keep, in rest state, said cover in said first operational position; and
providing in said cover at least one opening for the passage of fibre, said opening being of a size which is much larger than the size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions.
44. A method for terminating a fibre-optic cable comprising at least one optical fibre with a central portion made of glass material and an outer coating made of acrylate, said cable further comprising at least one plastic tube housing said at least one optical fibre, a plurality of longitudinal Kevlar\u2122 fibres arranged around said at least one plastic tube and a plastic outer sheath, comprising the steps of:
providing at least one part of fibre of predetermined length by successively removing the plastic outer sheath, the longitudinal Kevlar\u2122 fibres and said at least one plastic tube from a free end part of predetermined length of said cable;
inserting said at least one part of fibre of predetermined length in at least one fibre housing channel formed in a main body of a connector for optical fibres so as to house a first portion of said part of fibre of predetermined length in said housing channel and to let a second portion of said part of fibre of predetermined length project, said connector for optical fibres further comprising a cover slidably associated with said main body and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one portion of a length greater than 3 mm of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said at least one portion of said second portion of the end part of the optical fibre being provided with a bare end portion, said cover comprising at least one opening for the passage of fibre, said opening being of a size which is much larger than the size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions, said connector for optical fibres further comprising an elastic element operationally interposed between said main body and said cover and such as to keep, in rest state, said cover in said first operational position;
positioning a part of cable in an appropriate seat provided in the main body upstream of said fibre housing channel;
clamping said part of fibre of predetermined length with respect to said main body;
blocking said part of cable with respect to said main body;
moving said cover from said first to said second operational position so as to expose said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre; and
cutting said end portion of predetermined length of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre at one of its cutting sections.
45. A fibre-optic communication line, comprising at least one cable including at least one optical fibre, said at least one cable being terminated at at least one of its free ends with a connector for optical fibres, comprising:
a main body adapted to hold a first portion of an end part of at least one optical fibre and to let a second portion of said end part of optical fibre project;
a cover slidably associated with said main body and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one portion of a length greater than 3 mm of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said at least one portion of said second portion of the end part of the optical fibre being provided with a bare end portion, said cover further comprising at least one opening for the passage of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre; and
an elastic element interposed between said main body and said cover and such as to keep, in rest state, said cover in said first operational position, said at least one opening being of a size which is much larger than the transversal size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions.
46. A distribution network comprising at least two distribution lines, each distribution line being a fibre-optic communication line comprising at least one cable including at least one optical fibre, said at least one cable being terminated at at least one of its free ends with a connector for optical fibres, comprising:
a main body adapted to hold a first portion of an end part of at least one optical fibre and to let a second portion of said end part of optical fibre project;
a cover slidably associated with said main body and mobile between a first operational position, wherein said cover houses said second portion of the end part of optical fibre inside of it, and a second operational position, wherein said cover leaves at least one portion of a length greater than 3 mm of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre completely uncovered, said at least one portion of said second portion of the end part of the optical fibre being provided with a bare end portion, said cover further comprising at least one opening for the passage of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre; and
an elastic element interposed between said main body and said cover and such as to keep, in rest state, said cover in said first operational position, said at least one opening being of a size which is much larger than the transversal size of said second portion of the end part of optical fibre, so as not to interfere with said fibre during the movement of the cover between said first and second operational positions; and
a branching unit associated with each of said distribution lines.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A text-to-speech device comprising:
a receiver to receive an input text which contains a peculiar expression;
a normalizer to normalize the input text based on a normalization rule in which the peculiar expression, a normal expression for expressing the peculiar expression in a normal form, and an expression style of the peculiar expression are associated with one another, so as to generate one or more normalized texts;
a selector to perform language processing with respect to each of the normalized texts, and select a single normalized text based on result of the language processing;
a generator to generate a series of phonetic parameters representing phonetic expression of the single normalized text;
a modifier to modify a phonetic parameter in the normalized text corresponding to the peculiar expression in the input text based on a phonetic parameter modification method according to the normalization rule of the peculiar expression; and
an output unit to output a phonetic sound which is synthesized using the series of phonetic parameters including the modified phonetic parameter.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the generator generates the series of phonetic parameters by selecting a synthesis unit from a synthesis unit dictionary, and
the modifier modifies the synthesis unit, which is selected by the generator, based on a phonetic parameter modification method according to the normalization rule of the peculiar expression.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the generator generates the series of phonetic parameters from an acoustic parameter based on the hidden Markov model, and
the modifier modifies the acoustic parameter, which is selected by the generator, based on a phonetic parameter modification method according to the normalization rule of the peculiar expression.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the modifier modifies the phonetic parameter so as to change the fundamental frequency of the phonetic sound output by the output unit.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the modifier modifies the phonetic parameter so as to change length of each sound included in the phonetic sound output by the output unit.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the modifier modifies the phonetic parameter so as to change pitch of the phonetic sound output by the output unit.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the modifier modifies the phonetic parameter so as to change volume of the phonetic sound output by the output unit.
8. A text-to-speech method comprising:
receiving, by a receiver, an input text which contains a peculiar expression;
normalizing, by a normalizer, the input text based on a normalization rule in which the peculiar expression, a normal expression for expressing the peculiar expression in a normal form, and an expression style of the peculiar expression are associated with one another, so as to generate one or more normalized texts;
performing, by a selector, language processing with respect to each of the normalized texts, and selecting a single normalized text based on result of the language processing;
generating, by a generator, a series of phonetic parameters representing phonetic expression of the single normalized text;
modifying, by a modifier, a phonetic parameter in the normalized text corresponding to the peculiar expression in the input text based on a phonetic parameter modification method according to the normalization rule of the peculiar expression; and
outputting, by an output unit, a phonetic sound which is synthesized using the series of phonetic parameters including the modified phonetic parameter.
9. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium including programmed instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to function as:
a receiver to receive an input text which contains a peculiar expression;
a normalizer to normalize the input text based on a normalization rule in which the peculiar expression, a normal expression for expressing the peculiar expression in a normal form, and an expression style of the peculiar expression are associated with one another, so as to generate one or more normalized texts;
a selector to perform language processing with respect to each of the normalized texts, and select a single normalized text based on result of the language processing;
a generator to generate a series of phonetic parameters representing phonetic expression of the single normalized text;
a modifier to modify a phonetic parameter in the normalized text corresponding to the peculiar expression in the input text based on a phonetic parameter modification method according to the normalization rule of the peculiar expression; and
an output unit to output a phonetic sound which is synthesized using the series of phonetic parameters including the modified phonetic parameter.