Author: claimsbot

1. A device for masking one or more selected areas of a field of view while capturing an image, comprising:
an image aperture formed in the device;
a first spatial light modulator (SLM) comprising an array of movable reflective elements, the first SLM being positioned at a first angle with respect to a central axis of image light rays entering the device through the image aperture, and the first SLM positioned such that the image light rays will hit at least some of the reflective elements on the first SLM;
a second SLM comprising an array of movable reflective elements, the second SLM being positioned apart from the first SLM such that, when at least some of the first SLM reflective elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the first SLM reflective elements positioned in the first position of the first SLM will hit at least part of the second SLM, wherein the second SLM is shifted relative to the first SLM so that image rays reflected from a given position of a movable element of the first SLM will hit a location at a differing position of a respective movable element of the second SLM, the differing position being one-half a distance of a dimension of each movable element of the first SLM; and
an image capturing device for use in recording an image, the image capturing device being located in a position such that, when at least some of the second SLM reflective elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the second SLM reflective elements positioned in the first position of the second SLM will eventually hit at least part of the image capturing device.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein at least the first or the second SLM comprises a digital micro-mirror device.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein at least the first or the second SLM comprises an anti-reflective membrane device.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein at least the first or the second SLM comprises a deformable film modulator device.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the image capturing device comprises a digital light sensor.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the image capturing device comprises a charge-coupled device.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the image capturing device comprises photographic film.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the image capturing device comprises a photo-reactive material that is formed on a semiconductor wafer.
9. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
a lens located in the image aperture.
10. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
a lens located within an image reflection path between the second SLM and the image capturing device.
11. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a camera.
12. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is part of a video camera.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is adapted to be optically coupled to a telescope.
14. The device of claim 1 wherein the second SLM is shifted relative to the first SLM so that image rays reflected from a given position of a movable element of the first SLM will hit a location at a differing position of a respective movable element of the second SLM.
15. The device of claim 14 wherein the differing position is one-half a distance of a dimension of each movable element of the first SLM.
16. The device of claim 1:
wherein the device comprises a plurality of SLMs;
wherein the plurality of SLMs includes the second SLM; and
wherein each SLM in the plurality of SLMs comprises a respective array of movable reflective elements and is positioned apart from another SLM in the plurality of SLMs such that, when at least some of the reflective elements of a given SLM in the plurality of SLMs are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the given SLM reflective elements will hit either at least part of another SLM in the plurality of SLMs or at least part of the image capturing device.
17. A device for masking one or more selected areas of a field of view while capturing an image, comprising:
an image aperture formed in the device;
a first digital micro-mirror device (DMD) comprising an array of movable mirror elements, the first DMD being positioned at a first angle with respect to a central axis of image light rays entering the device through the image aperture, and the first DMD being positioned such that the image light rays will hit at least some of the mirror elements on the first DMD;
a second DMD comprising an array of movable mirror elements, the second DMD being positioned apart from the first DMD such that, when at least some of the first DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the first DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position of the first DMD will hit at least part of the second DMD, wherein the second DMD is shifted relative to the first DMD so that image rays reflected from a given position of a movable mirror element of the first DMD will hit a location at a differing position of a respective movable mirror element of the second DMD, the differing position is one-half a distance of a dimension of each movable mirror element of the first DMD; and
a charge-coupled device (CCD) comprising an array of photon sensing elements, the CCD being located in a position so that, when at least some of the second DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the second DMD mirror elements positioned in the second DMD first position will eventually hit at least some of the CCD elements.
18. The device of claim 17, further comprising:
a shutter adapted to block the image light rays from striking the first DMD when the shutter is closed and to allow at least some of the image light rays to strike the first DMD when the shutter is open.
19. The device of claim 17, further comprising:
a controller electrically coupled to the first DMD and the second DMD, the controller being adapted to selectively send signals to the first DMD and the second DMD for causing one or more movable mirror elements in a respective DMD to be actuated.
20. The device of claim 17, further comprising:
an electrical circuitry electrically coupled to the first DMD and the second DMD and the CCD.
21. The device of claim 17:
wherein the device comprises a plurality of DMDs;
wherein the plurality of DMDs includes the second DMD; and
wherein each DMD in the plurality of DMDs comprises a respective array of movable mirror elements and is positioned apart from another DMD in the plurality of DMDs such that, when at least some of the movable mirror elements of a given DMD in the plurality of DMDs are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the given DMD mirror elements will hit either at least part of another DMD in the plurality of DMDs or at least part of the image capturing device.
22. A device for masking one or more selected areas of a field of view while capturing an image, comprising:
an image aperture formed in the device;
a first digital micro-mirror device (DMD) comprising a first array of electrically controllable and movable mirror elements, the first DMD being positioned at a first angle with respect to a central axis of image light rays entering the device through the image aperture, and the first DMD being positioned such that the image light rays will hit at least some of the mirror elements on the first DMD;
a second DMD comprising a second array of electrically controllable and movable mirror elements, the second DMD being positioned at a first spaced distance from the first DMD, the second array of mirror elements facing in an opposite direction than the first array of mirror elements, and the second DMD being positioned so that, when at least some of the first DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the first DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will hit at least some of the second DMD mirror elements;
a third DMD comprising a third array of electrically controllable and movable mirror elements, the third DMD being positioned at a second spaced distance from the second DMD, the third DMD being substantially parallel to the second DMD, the third array of mirror elements facing in an opposite direction than the second array of mirror elements, and the third DMD being positioned so that, when at least some of the second DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the second DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will hit at least some of the third DMD mirror elements; and
a charge-coupled device (CCD) comprising an array of photon sensing elements, the CCD being located in a position so that, when at least some of the second DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the second DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will eventually hit at least some of the CCD elements, the CCD also being located in a position so that, when at least some of the third DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the third DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will eventually hit at least some of the CCD elements.
23. The device of claim 22, wherein the second DMD position is offset relative to the first DMD position such that image light rays reflecting from the center of at least some of the first DMD mirrors at the first position hit a location on the second DMD where two or more second DMD mirror elements meet.
24. The device of claim 22, wherein the second DMD position is offset relative to the first DMD position such that image light rays reflecting from the center of at least some of the first DMD mirrors at the first position hit a location on the second DMD where two or more second DMD mirror elements meet.
25. The device of claim 22, wherein the second DMD is substantially parallel to the first DMD.
26. The device of claim 22, further comprising:
a fourth DMD comprising a fourth array of electrically controllable and movable mirror elements, the fourth DMD being positioned at a third spaced distance from the third DMD, the fourth DMD being substantially parallel to the third DMD, the fourth array of mirror elements facing in an opposite direction than the third array of mirror elements, and the fourth DMD being positioned so that, when at least some of the third DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the third DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will hit at least some of the fourth DMD mirror elements; and
the CCD also being located in a position so that, when at least some of the fourth DMD mirror elements are in a first position, at least some of the image light rays reflected from the fourth DMD mirror elements positioned in the first position will hit at least some of the CCD elements.
27. A method of astrophotography, comprising the steps of:
during a first period of time, reflecting a first part of an image off of a first spatial light modulator (SLM) at a first angle toward a second SLM;
also during the first period of time, reflecting a second part of the image off of the first SLM at a second angle that directs the second part of the image to a first location where the second part of the image will not go to the second SLM;
also during the first period of time, reflecting a third part of the image off of the second SLM at a third angle so that at least some of the third part of the image will eventually strike the image capturing device, wherein the third part of the image comprises a portion of the first part of the image;
also during the first period of time, reflecting a fourth part of the image off of the second SLM at a fourth angle that directs the fourth part of the image to a second location where the fourth part of the image will not go to the image capturing device, wherein the fourth part of the image comprises another portion of the first part of the image;
also during the first period of time, striking at least part of the image capturing device with at least some of the third part of the image; and
during a second period of time, reflecting a fifth part of the image off of the first SLM at a fifth angle so that at least some of the fifth part of the image will eventually strike the image capturing device, wherein the fifth part of the image comprises at least some of the second part of the image, and wherein the fifth angle is about the same as the first angle.
28. The method of 27, further comprising the steps of:
also during the first period of time, reflecting a sixth part of the image off of a third SLM at a sixth angle so that at least some of the sixth part of the image will eventually strike the image capturing device, wherein the sixth part of the image comprises a portion of the third part of the image; and
also during the first period of time, reflecting a seventh part of the image off of the third SLM at a seventh angle that directs the seventh part of the image to a third location where the seventh part of the image will not go to the image capturing device, wherein the seventh part of the image comprises another portion of the third part of the image.
29. The method of 28, further comprising the steps of:
also during the first period of time, reflecting an eighth part of the image off of a fourth SLM at an eighth angle so that at least some of the eighth part of the image will eventually strike the image capturing device, wherein the eighth part of the image comprises a portion of the sixth part of the image; and
also during the first period of time, reflecting a ninth part of the image off of the fourth SLM at a ninth angle that directs the ninth part of the image to a fourth location where the ninth part of the image will not go to the image capturing device, wherein the ninth part of the image comprises another portion of the sixth part of the image.
30. A method of astrophotography, comprising the steps of:
during a first period of time, reflecting a first part of an image off of a first digital micro-mirror device (DMD) at a first angle to a second DMD;
also during the first period of time, reflecting a second part of the image off of the first DMD at a second angle that directs the second part of the image to a first light absorption location so that the second part of the image does not go to the second DMD;
also during the first period of time, reflecting a third part of the image off of the second DMD at a third angle so that at least some of the third part of the image will eventually strike a charge-coupled device (CCD), wherein the third part of the image comprises a portion of the first part of the image; and
also during the first period of time, reflecting a fourth part of the image off of the second DMD at a fourth angle that directs the fourth part of the image to a second light absorption location so that the fourth part of the image does not go to the CCD, wherein the fourth part of the image comprises another portion of the first part of the image.
31. The method of claim 30, further comprising the steps of:
during a second period of time, reflecting a fifth part of an image off of the first DMD at the first angle to the second DMD;
also during the second period of time, reflecting a sixth part of the image off of the first DMD at the second angle that directs the sixth part of the image to the first light absorption location so that the sixth part of the image does not go to the second DMD;
also during the second period of time, reflecting a seventh part of the image off of the second DMD at the third angle so that at least some of the seventh part of the image will eventually strike the CCD, wherein the seventh part of the image comprises a portion of the sixth part of the image; and
also during the second period of time, reflecting an eighth part of the image off of the second DMD at the fourth angle that directs the eighth part of the image to the second light absorption location so that the eighth part of the image does not go to the CCD, wherein the eighth part of the image comprises another portion of the sixth part of the image.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A recording tape cartridge comprising:
a case which accommodates a single reel, around which a recording tape is wound, such that the reel is rotatable;
an opening formed at a corner portion extending between a front wall and a side wall of the case, the opening being for pulling-out of a leader member which is attached to a distal end portion of the recording tape; and
a door which has a bent portion formed in a substantial L-shape in plan view, rotates around a shaft provided at the front wall side, and opens and closes the opening,
wherein the plate thickness of the bent portion in a direction in which the door rotates is larger than that of the door, and a stepped portion is formed at the further end side from the bent portion of the door, wherein also the case comprises,
a first abutting portion which abuts the door when the door closes the opening, and
second abutting portions which abut the end surface of the bent portion at a door distal-end side thereof, and the inner surface of the bent portion, when the door which has closed the opening is deflected in a direction of closing the opening.
2. The recording tape cartridge of claim 1, wherein the bent portion comprises a receiving portion provided at an inner surface thereof to receive a distal end portion of the leader member, and a predetermined clearance is formed between the distal end portion of the leader member and the inner surface of the bent portion when the door is closed.
3. The recording tape cartridge of claim 2, wherein the door has play with respect to the case when the door is closed, and the clearance is larger than the play.
4. The recording tape cartridge of claim 2, wherein the receiving portion has a guide portion, which is a tapered surface formed such that the inner surface of the bent portion becomes thicker toward a central portion of the bent portion in plan view, the guide portion deflecting the distal end portion of the leader member toward the central portion of the bent portion.
5. The recording tape cartridge of claim 1, wherein a predetermined clearance is formed between the second abutting portion and the portions of the door which abut the second abutting portions, when the door is closed.
6. The recording tape cartridge of claim 1, wherein a portion of the door which abuts the first abutting portion is a distal-end-side end surface of the stepped portion of the door, and the distal-end-side end surface of the stepped portion and distal-end-side end surface of the bent portion are inclined such that imaginary extensions thereof intersect each other at an inner side of the door in plan view.
7. A recording tape cartridge which accommodates a recording tape and is loaded into a drive such that a leader member attached to a distal end portion of the recording tape is pulled by the drive out of the recording tape cartridge so that the recording tape is pulled into the drive for use therein, the recording tape cartridge comprising:
a case which has a top plate and a bottom plate and accommodates therebetween a single reel, around which the recording tape is wound, such that the single reel is rotatable, the case having wall surfaces formed at the circumferences of the top plate and the bottom plate, the tape cartridge being loaded with one of the wall surfaces facing the drive, the case having an opening formed at a corner portion extending from the one of the wall surfaces to another of the wall surfaces continuously formed therefrom, the leader member of the recording tape being pulled out through the opening along a predetermined pull-out path; and
a door which rotates to open and close the opening, the door having a bent portion formed so as to correspond to the corner portion,
wherein the plate thickness of the bent portion in a direction in which the door rotates is larger than that of the door, and a stepped portion is formed at the further end side from the bent portion of the door, wherein also the case comprises,
a first abutting portion which abuts the door when the door closes the opening, and
second abutting portions which abut the end surface of the bent portion at a door distal-end side thereof, and the inner surface of the bent portion, when the door which has closed the opening is deflected in a direction of closing the opening.
8. The recording tape cartridge of claim 7, wherein:
a receiving portion for receiving a distal end portion of the leader member is formed at an inner surface of the bent portion; and
a predetermined clearance is formed between the distal end portion of the leader member and the inner surface of the bent portion.
9. The recording tape cartridge of claim 8, wherein the door has play with respect to the case when the door is closed, and the clearance is larger than the play.
10. The recording tape cartridge of claim 8, wherein the receiving portion has a guide portion, which is a tapered surface formed such that the inner surface of the bent portion becomes thicker toward a central portion of the bent portion in plan view, the guide portion deflecting the distal end portion of the leader member toward the central portion of the bent portion.
11. The recording tape cartridge of claim 7, wherein a predetermined clearance is formed between the second abutting portion and the portions of the door which abut the second abutting portions, when the door is closed.
12. The recording tape cartridge of claim 7, wherein a portion of the door which abuts the first abutting portion is a distal-end-side end surface of the stepped portion of the door, and the distal-end-side end surface of the stepped portion and distal-end-side end surface of the bent portion are inclined such that imaginary extensions thereof intersect each other at an inner side of the door in plan view.

What we claim is:

1. An apparatus for processing compounds in small volumes by electrophoretic separation, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a cathode in a static cathode buffer zone;
(b) an anode in a static anode buffer zone, the anode disposed relative to the cathode so as to be adapted to generate an electric field in an electric field area therebetween upon application of a voltage potential between the cathode and anode;
(c) a first separation barrier disposed in the electric field area;
(d) a second separation barrier disposed between a selected one of the cathode buffer zone and the anode buffer zone and the first barrier so as to define a first interstitial volume therebetween;
wherein in use, electrophoretic buffer is disposed in the cathode buffer zone and the anode buffer zone, a sample constituent is provided to the first interstitial volume; wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituent through a selected one of the first and second separation barriers, and provided to a selected one of the cathode buffer and anode buffer zones; and wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones or the first interstitial volume.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the small volume is less than about 5 mL.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the small volume is up to about 2 mL.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the small volume is from about 0.02 mL to about 0.1 mL.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a ratio of sample to barrier surface area is less than about 1 mLcm2.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the ratio is up to about 0.5 mLcm2.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the ratio is up to about 0.1 mLcm2.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the ratio is about 0.02 mLcm2.
9. The apparatus according claim 1 wherein the first and second barriers are membranes and wherein such membranes are selected from the group consisting of electrophoresis separation membranes having a defined pore size or restriction membranes which allow flow of ions into and out of a chamber or compartment under the influence of an electric field but do not allow movement of macromolecules, or a combination thereof.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein at least one of the first and second membranes is an ion-permeable electrophoresis separation membrane comprised of polyacrylamide and having a molecule mass cut-off from about 1 kDa to about 1500 kDa.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein a selected one of the first and second membranes is an ion-permeable electrophoresis separation membrane comprised of polyacrylamide and having a molecule mass cut-off from about 1 kDa to about 1500 kDa and the other membrane is a restriction membrane comprised of polyacrylamide and having a molecular mass cut-off less than the separation membrane.
12. The apparatus according claim 1 wherein the first and second separation barriers are membranes and such membranes are comprised of materials selected from the group consisting of ultrafiltration materials, electrodialysis materials, haemodialysis materials, and combinations thereof.
13. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the first and second separation barriers are adapted to be removed from the apparatus.
14. The apparatus according to claim 1 comprising a plurality of separation barriers spaced apart defining a plurality of interstitial volumes.
15. An apparatus for processing compounds in small volumes by electrophoretic separation, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a cathode in a static cathode buffer zone;
(b) an anode in a static anode buffer zone, the anode disposed relative to the cathode so as to be adapted to generate an electric field in an electric field area therebetween upon application of a voltage potential between the cathode and anode;
(c) a first separation barrier disposed in the electric field area;
(d) a second separation barrier disposed between the cathode buffer zone and the first barrier so as to define a first interstitial volume therebetween;
(e) a third separation barrier disposed between the anode buffer zone and the first barrier so as to define a second interstitial volume therebetween;
wherein in use, electrophoretic buffer is disposed in the cathode buffer zone, the anode buffer zone and at least one of the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes, a sample constituent is provided to a selected one of the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes; wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituent, through the first separation barrier, and provided to the other of the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes; and wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones, the first interstitial volume or the second interstitial volume.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the small volume is less than about 5 mL.
17. The apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the small volume is up to about 2 mL.
18. The apparatus according to claim 17 wherein the small volume is from about 0.02 mL to about 0.1 mL.
19. The apparatus according claim 15 wherein a ratio of sample to barrier surface area is less than about 1 mLcm2.
20. The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein the ratio is up to about 0.5 mLcm2.
21. The apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the ratio is up to about 0.1 mLcm2.
22. The apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the ratio is about 0.02 mLcm2.
23. The apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the first separation barrier is an electrophoresis membrane having a defined pore size and the second and third separation barriers are restriction membranes which allow flow of ions into and out of a chamber or compartment under the influence of an electric field.
24. The apparatus according to claim 23 wherein the separation membrane is an ion-permeable electrophoresis separation membranes comprised of polyacrylamide and having a molecule mass cut-off from about 1 kDa to about 1500 kDa.
25. The apparatus according to claim 24 wherein the restriction membrane is comprised of polyacrylamide and having a molecular mass cut-off less than the separation membrane.
26. The apparatus according claim 15 wherein the first, second and third separation barriers are membranes and such membranes comprised of materials selected from the group consisting of ultrafiltration materials, electro dialysis materials, haemodialysis materials, and combinations thereof.
27. The apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the first, second and third separation barriers membranes are adapted to be removed from the apparatus.
28. An apparatus for processing compounds in small volumes by electrophoretic separation, the apparatus comprising:
(a) a cathode in a static cathode buffer zone;
(b) an anode in a static anode buffer zone, the anode disposed relative to the cathode so as to be adapted to generate an electric field in an electric field area therebetween upon application of a voltage potential between the cathode and anode;
(c) a first separation barrier disposed in the electric field area;
(d) a second separation barrier disposed between the cathode buffer zone and the first barrier so as to define a first sample interstitial volume therebetween;
(e) a third separation barrier disposed between the anode buffer zone and the first barrier so as to define a first separation interstitial volume therebetween;
wherein in use, electrophoretic buffer is disposed in the cathode buffer zone, the anode buffer zone and at least one of the first sample interstitial and first separation interstitial volumes, a sample constituent is provided to the first sample interstitial volume; wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituent, through the first separation barrier, and provided to the first separation interstitial volume; and wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones, the first sample interstitial volume or the first separation interstitial volume.
29. The apparatus according to claim 28 wherein a least fourth separation barrier is disposed between the second separation barrier and the cathode buffer zone to define at least a second sample interstitial volume wherein sample constituents are provided to selected sample interstitial volumes, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituents, through the separation barriers, and provided to the first separation interstitial volume.
30. The apparatus according to claim 29 wherein at least a fifth separation barrier is disposed between the third separation barrier and the anode buffer zone to define at least a second separation interstitial volume, wherein sample constituents are provided to selected sample interstitial volumes, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituents, through the separation barriers, and provided to selected separation interstitial volumes.
31. The apparatus according to claim 30 wherein the apparatus further comprises at least a second cathode in a second static cathode buffer zone and a second anode in second static anode zone disposed relative to the second cathode so as to be adapted to generate an electric field between selected sample interstitial volumes and selected separation interstitial volumes.
32. The apparatus according to claim 28 wherein at least a fifth separation barrier is disposed between the third separation barrier and the anode buffer zone to define at least a second separation interstitial volume, wherein a sample constituent is provided to the first sample interstitial volumes, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, a selected separation product is removed from the sample constituent, through the separation barriers, and provided to selected separation interstitial volumes.
33. A method for de-salting or dialysing a small volume sample containing at least one compound, the method comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus according to claim 1;
(b) adding buffer to the cathode and anode buffer zones;
(c) placing a sample in the first interstitial volume; and
(d) applying a voltage potential, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, selected salts in the sample are removed from the mixture through a selected one of the first and second separation barriers and provided to a selected one of the cathode buffer zone and the anode buffer zone, wherein at least one compound is substantially retained in the first interstitial volume, and wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones and the first interstitial volume.
34. A method for de-salting or dialysing a small volume sample containing at least one compound, the method comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus according to claim 15;
(b) adding buffer to the cathode and anode buffer zones and to at least one of the interstitial volumes;
(c) placing a sample in a selected one of the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes; and
(d) applying a voltage potential between the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, selected salts in the sample are removed from the mixture through a selected one of the first separation barrier and provided to the other of the first interstitial and second interstitial volume, wherein at least one compound is substantially retained in first interstitial volume from which the selected salts were removed, wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones, the first interstitial volume, and the second interstitial volume.
35. A method of separating a compound in small volumes of solution by electrophoretic separation, the method comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus according to claim 1;
(b) adding buffer to the cathode and anode buffer zones;
(c) placing a sample in the first interstitial volume; and
(d) applying a voltage potential, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, selected separation products in the sample are removed from the mixture through a selected one of the first and second separation barriers and provided to a selected one of the cathode buffer zone and the anode buffer zone, wherein at least one compound is substantially retained in the first interstitial volume, and wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones and the first interstitial volume.
36. A method of separating a compound in small volumes of solution by electrophoretic separation, the method comprising:
(a) providing an apparatus according to claim 15;
(b) adding buffer to the cathode and anode buffer zones and to at least one of the interstitial volumes;
(c) placing a sample in a selected one of the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes; and
(d) applying a voltage potential between the first interstitial and second interstitial volumes, wherein upon application of the voltage potential, selected separation products in the sample are removed from the mixture through a selected one of the first separation barrier and provided to the other of the first interstitial and second interstitial volume, wherein at least one compound is substantially retained in first interstitial volume from which the selected separation products were removed, wherein there is substantially no circulation of buffer or sample constituent in the buffer zones, the first interstitial volume, and the second interstitial volume.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An induction electrical appliance comprising:
a first shell disposed with a bottom base;
a first pan detachably connected to said first shell;
a first heating element fixedly connected to said first pan; and
an induction coil fixedly connected to said bottom base, and electrically connected to said first heating element.
2. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 1, wherein the induction electrical appliance is grill.
3. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 2, wherein said bottom base comprising an electric control module disposed with a temperature detecting circuit electrically connected to said first pan, an identification chip and a RF module electrically connected to said temperature detecting circuit and said identification chip respectively.
4. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 3, wherein said electric control module further comprising a ACDC power module and an energy-storing circuit, one end of said ACDC power module electrically connected to said induction coil and the other end electrically connected to said energy-storing circuit; said energy-storing circuit electrically connected to said RF module.
5. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 4, wherein the induction electrical appliance further comprising a second shell provided with a upper base, a second heating element electrically connected to said first heating element and a second pan fixedly connected to said second heating element, wherein one side of said second shell pivotally connected to said first shell and said second shell detachably connected to said second pan.
6. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 5, wherein said first heating element and said second heating element are electric heating tube.
7. An induction electrical appliance comprising:
a first shell disposed with a base;
a driving element disposed in said base; and
an induction coil fixedly connected to said base and electrically connected to said driving element.
8. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 7, wherein said base comprising an electric control module disposed with an identification chip and a RF module electrically connected to said identification chip.
9. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 8, wherein said electric control module further comprising a ACDC power module and an energy-storing circuit, one end of said ACDC power module electrically connected to said induction coil, and the other end electrically connected to said energy-storing circuit, said energy-storing circuit electrically connected to said RF module.
10. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 9, wherein said driving element is a heater.
11. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 10, wherein said induction electrical appliance is grill, coffee maker, electric kettle, bread maker, electric cooker or electric iron.
12. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 9, wherein said driving element is a motor.
13. The induction electrical appliance according to claim 12, wherein said induction electrical appliance is blender appliance.