Author: claimsbot

1. A method for producing liquid hydrocarbons from syngas, comprising:
obtaining syngas from a biomass;
contacting the syngas with a catalyst to catalyze the production of the liquid hydrocarbons, the catalyst including a base material, a transition metal, and a promoter;
wherein the promoter is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base material includes a zeolite, iron, a zeolite-iron material, a cobalt-molydenum material, a cobalt-molydenum carbide, or combinations thereof.
3. (canceled)
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the base material includes a zeolite-iron material, and wherein the transition metal is selected from platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), rhodium (Rh), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the zeolite-iron material includes iron oxide nanostructures.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the base material includes a cobalt-molybdenum carbide, and wherein the transitional metal is selected from iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), Ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), rhodium (Rh), and combinations thereof.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the syngas includes about 1 vol % to about 60 vol % of nitrogen (N2).
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the syngas includes about 1 vol % to about 40 vol % of carbon dioxide (CO2).
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
cleaning, before the obtaining step, a gasifier by packing the gasifier with one or more of alumina-supported metal catalysts, 13X molsieve, active carbon, silica gel, copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), and ruthenium (Rh), wherein
the syngas from the cleaning step includes less than about 10 ppb of total H2S and COS, less than 1 ppm of NH3, andor less than 1 ppm of oxygen.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrocarbons are selected from higher alcohols, higher esters, higher ethers, higher aldehydes, higher ketones, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrocarbons are produced from the syngas in a single stage.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid hydrocarbons include about 5 wt % to about 80 wt % of oxygenates.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the contacting step is performed at a temperature of about 250\xb0 C. to about 400\xb0 C.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the contacting step is performed at a pressure of about 400 psi to about 1500 psi.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the contacting step is performed with the syngas flowing at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of about 1,000\u22121 to about 10,000 h\u22121.
16. A catalyst, comprising:
a base material that includes a zeolite-iron material, a cobalt-molybdenum carbide, or a combination thereof;
a transition metal; and
a promoter;
wherein the promoter is potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, or potassium nitrate.
17. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the catalyst is a multifunctional catalyst capable of catalyzing the production of liquid hydrocarbons form syngas, and wherein the syngas includes about 1 vol % to about 60 vol % of nitrogen (N2).
18-21. (canceled)
22. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the catalyst comprises about 0.1 wt % to about 10.0 wt % of the transition metal.
23. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the catalyst comprises about 0.5 wt % to about 10.0 wt % of the promoter.
24. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the zeolite-iron material is selected from H-ZSM5, Y-zeolite, and combinations thereof.
25. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the base material includes the zeolite-iron material, and the transition metal is selected from platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), rhodium (Rh), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), and combinations thereof.
26. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the iron includes iron oxide particles.
27. The catalyst of claim 26, wherein the catalyst comprises about 2.0 wt % to about 15.0 wt % of the iron oxide particles.
28. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the base material includes the cobalt-molybdenum carbide, and wherein the transition metal is selected from iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), Ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), rhodium (Rh), and combinations thereof.
29-31. (canceled)
32. The catalyst of claim 16, wherein the cobalt-molybdenum carbide is produced from a carbon selected from active carbons, carbon blacks, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, fullerenes, graphene, graphite, bio-chars, and combinations thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A non-rotating electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp system using circularly polarized microwaves, comprising:
a first rectangular waveguide to transmit linearly polarized microwaves generated from a microwave source;
an input circular waveguide linearly connected to the first rectangular waveguide;
a second rectangular waveguide closed at an end thereof, and perpendicularly connected to a circumferential surface of the input circular waveguide;
an elliptical waveguide linearly connected to the input circular waveguide such that the major axis of the elliptical waveguide is rotated to a predetermined angle relative to a horizontal surface (or the wider surface) of the input rectangular waveguide;
a second circular waveguide linearly connected to the elliptical waveguide with a conductive end plate; and
a discharge lamp housed in a mesh cover or perforated or apertured metallic cover, and supported by the second circular waveguide while being held on a reflecting mirror.
2. The non-rotating electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a mode filter provided on an interface between the input circular waveguide and each of the first and second rectangular waveguides.
3. The non-rotating electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the predetermined angle at which the major axis of the elliptical waveguide is rotated relative to the horizontal surface (or the wider surface) of the input rectangular waveguide, is set to 4050 when the elliptical waveguide has a minor-axis diameter of 80 mm and a major-axis diameter of 108 mm in the case of the frequency of 2.45 GHz.
4. A non-rotating electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp system using circularly polarized microwaves, comprising:
a rectangular waveguide to propagate linearly polarized microwaves generated from a microwave source;
an elliptical waveguide linearly connected to the rectangular waveguide such that the major axis of the elliptical waveguide is rotated to a predetermined angle relative to a horizontal surface of the rectangular waveguide, with one or more stubs inserted in the elliptical waveguide;
a circular waveguide linearly connected to the elliptical waveguide; and
a discharge lamp housed in a mesh or perforated or pertured cover, and supported by the circular waveguide while being held on a reflecting mirror.
5. The non-rotating electrodeless high-intensity discharge lamp system as set forth in claim 4, wherein four stubs are inserted in the elliptical waveguide.

1. A multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system comprising a first compartment comprising a first component and a second compartment comprising a second component and means for mixing the first component and the second component to produce an aqueous formulation of peracetic acid;
wherein the first component comprises
(i) an enzyme powder comprising a formulation of:
(a) at least one enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity, wherein said enzyme catalyst comprises an enzyme having a carbohydrate esterase family 7 (CE-7) signature motif that aligns with SEQ ID NO: 1 using CLUSTALW, said signature motif comprising:
(1) an RGQ motif at amino acid positions aligning with 118-120 of SEQ ID NO:1;
(2) a GXSQG motif at amino acid positions aligning with 179-183 of SEQ ID NO:1; and
(3) an HE motif at amino acid positions aligning with 298-299 of SEQ ID NO:1;
said enzyme comprising at least 30% amino acid identity to SEQ ID NO: 1; and

(b) at least one excipient;

(ii) a carboxylic acid ester substrate selected from the group consisting of
(a) one or more esters having the structure
XmR5

wherein
X is an ester group of the formula R6C(O)O;
R6 is a C1 to C7 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbyl moiety, optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group or C1 to C4 alkoxy group, wherein R6 optionally comprises one or more ether linkages where R6 is C2 to C7;
R5 is a C1 to C6 linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbyl moiety optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, wherein each carbon atom in R5 individually comprises no more than one hydroxyl group or no more than one ester group, and wherein R5 optionally comprises one or more ether linkages;
m is 1 to the number of carbon atoms in R5, said one or more esters having solubility in water of at least 5 ppm at 25\xb0 C.;

(b) one or more glycerides having the structure
wherein R1 is a C1 to C7 straight chain or branched chain alkyl optionally substituted with an hydroxyl or a C1 to C4 alkoxy group and R3 and R4 are individually H or R1C(O);

(c) one or more esters of the formula
wherein R1 is a C1 to C7 straight chain or branched chain alkyl optionally substituted with an hydroxyl or a C1 to C4 alkoxy group and R2 is a C1 to C10 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkylheteroaryl, heteroaryl, (CH2CH2O)n, or (CH2CH(CH3)\u2014O)nH and n is 1 to 10;

(d) one or more acetylated monosaccharides, acetylated disaccharides, or acetylated polysaccharides; and
(e) any combination of (a) through (d);
wherein the amount of the carboxylic acid ester substrate in the first component is designed to provide a final concentration of 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components;

(iii) a buffer selected from the group consisting of bicarbonate, citrate, acetate, phosphate, pyrophosphate, methylphosphonate, succinate, malate, fumarate, tartrate, and maleate;
(iv) a cosolvent selected from the group consisting of tripropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, N-ethyl-2-pyrroldinone, isopropanol, ethanol, ethyl lactate, 1,3-propanediol, and any combination thereof; and
(v) optionally at least one surfactant;

wherein the second component comprises water, hydrogen peroxide and a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer.
2. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 wherein the at least one excipient ranges from about 95 wt % to about 25 wt % of the enzyme powder.
3. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein
(i) the carboxylic acid ester substrate is triacetin; wherein the amount of triacetin in the first component is designed to provide a final concentration of 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components;
(ii) the buffer is in a concentration of about 0.1 wt % to about 10% wt of a the first component and said buffer is selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and a mixture of sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate;
(iii) the cosolvent is tripropylene glycol methyl ether and is in a concentration of up to 80 wt % of the first component;
(iv) the surfactant is present and is polysorbate 80; and
(v) the hydrogen peroxide in the second component is present in an amount that provides a final concentration in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components of from 0.33 wt % to about 30 wt %.
4. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the first component is combined with said second component at a ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:10 by weight.
5. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 2 where the multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system is provided in the form of two individual bottles, a two compartment spray bottle, a two compartment packet, or a two-compartment, non-rigid squeeze bottle.
6. A multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system comprising a first compartment comprising a first component and a second compartment comprising a second component and means for mixing the first and second component to produce an aqueous formulation of peracetic acid; wherein the first component comprises
(i) an enzyme powder comprising a formulation of
(a) at least one CE-7 enzyme having perhydrolysis activity, wherein said at least one CE-7 enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 19 and SEQ ID NO: 20 or an amino acid sequence having at least 90 % identity to SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 19 or SEQ ID NO: 20; and
(b) at least one excipient;

(ii) a carboxylic acid ester substrate selected from the group consisting of monoacetin, diacetin, triacetin, and a mixtures thereof; wherein the amount of the carboxylic acid ester substrate in the first component is designed to provide a final concentration of 0.5 wt % to 10 wt% in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components;
(iii) a buffer selected from the group consisting of bicarbonate, citrate, acetate, phosphate, pyrophosphate, methylphosphonate, succinate, malate, fumarate, tartrate, and maleate;
(iv) a cosolvent selected from the group consisting of tripropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, N-ethyl-2-pyrroldinone, isopropanol, ethanol, ethyl lactate, 1,3-propanediol, and any combination thereof; and
(v) optionally at least one surfactant;

wherein the second component comprises water, hydrogen peroxide and a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer.
7. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 6 wherein:
(i) the at least one CE-7 enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 19 and SEQ ID NO: 20, wherein amino acid residue 277 of SEQ ID NO: 19 or SEQ ID NO: 20 is selected from the group consisting of alanine, valine, serine, and threonine;
(ii) the carboxylic acid ester substrate is triacetin; wherein the amount of triacetin in the first component is designed to provide a final concentration of 0.5 wt % to 10 wt% in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components;
(iii) the buffer is in a concentration of about 0.1 wt % to about 10% wt of the first component and said buffer is selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and a mixture of sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate;
(iv) the cosolvent is tripropylene glycol methyl ether and is in a concentration of up to 80 wt % of the first component;
(vi) the surfactant is present and is polysorbate 80; and
(vi) the hydrogen peroxide in the second component is present in an amount that provides a final concentration in a reaction formulation formed by combining the first and second components of from 0.33 wt % to about 30 wt %.
8. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 6 or claim 7 wherein the first component is combined with said second component at a ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:10 by weight.
9. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 6 where the multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system is provided in the form of two individual bottles, a two compartment spray bottle, a two compartment packet, or a two-compartment non-rigid squeeze bottle.
10. The multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 6, further comprising means for applying the aqueous formulation comprising peracetic acid produced by mixing the first and second components to a surface, an article of clothing or a textile for bleaching, stain removal, odor reduction, sanitization, disinfection, or a combination thereof.
11. A method of using the multi-component peroxycarboxylic acid generation system of claim 1 or claim 6 comprising
(a) employing the means for mixing the first and second components whereby an aqueous formulation comprising peracetic acid is produced; and
(b) applying the aqueous formulation comprising peracetic acid produced in (a) to a surface, an article of clothing or a textile for bleaching, stain removal, odor reduction, sanitization, disinfection, or a combination thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a work load management module, a request to migrate a datacenter application hosted by a first datacenter pod to a second datacenter pod, each datacenter pod comprising a self-contained unit of standardized processing, storage, and network resources for hosting data center applications, the request comprising a first pod identifier, a second pod identifier, and authorization information;
verifying that the request to migrate the datacenter application is allowed using the authorization information in the received request;
retrieving, from a database of pod environment configurations, a first pod environment configuration using the first pod identifier and a second pod environment configuration using the second pod identifier, each pod environment configuration comprising information describing the processing, storage, and network resources provided by its corresponding datacenter pod;
automatically determining, by the work load management module, one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modifying the datacenter application based on the one or more differences such that the modified datacenter application is operable in the second datacenter pod; and
migrating the modified datacenter application to the second datacenter pod such that the second datacenter pod hosts the modified datacenter application.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a request to revert the modified datacenter application to the first datacenter pod;
automatically determining, by the work load management module, one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modifying the datacenter application based on the one or more differences to be operable in the first datacenter pod; and
reverting the datacenter application to the first datacenter pod such that the first datacenter pod hosts the datacenter application.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving updates, by the work load management module, for a selected one of the first pod environment configuration associated with the first pod identifier and the second pod environment configuration associated with the second pod identifier.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first datacenter pod is an application development pod and the second datacenter pod is a testing pod.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first datacenter pod is a testing pod and the second datacenter pod is a production pod.
7. A system, comprising:
a plurality of datacenter pods, the plurality of datacenter pods including a first datacenter pod and a second datacenter pod, each datacenter pod of the plurality of datacenter pods comprising a self-contained unit of standardized processing, storage, and network resources for hosting data center applications; and
a work load management module comprising a processor, the work load management module operable to:
determine a traffic load on at least one of the plurality of datacenter pods;
modify a traffic load limit for at least one of the plurality of datacenter pods;
receive a request to migrate a datacenter application hosted by the first datacenter pod to the second datacenter pod, the request comprising a first pod identifier and a second pod identifier;
retrieve a first pod environment configuration using the first pod identifier and a second pod environment configuration using the second pod identifier, each pod environment configuration comprising information describing the processing, storage, and network resources provided by its corresponding datacenter pod;
automatically determine one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modify the datacenter application based on the one or more differences such that the modified datacenter application is operable in the second datacenter pod; and
migrate the modified datacenter application to the second datacenter pod such that the second datacenter pod hosts the modified datacenter application.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the workload management module is further operable to store the one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the workload management module is further operable to:
receive a request to revert the modified datacenter application to the first datacenter pod;
automatically determine one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modify the datacenter application based on the one or more differences to be operable in the first datacenter pod; and
revert the datacenter application to the first datacenter pod such that the first datacenter pod hosts the datacenter application.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the workload management module is further operable to receive updates for a selected one of the first pod environment configuration associated with the first pod identifier and the second pod environment configuration associated with the second pod identifier.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein the request to move a datacenter application from a first datacenter pod to a second datacenter pod comprises authentication information used to authorize the request.
12. The system of claim 7, wherein the workload management module is further operable to
continuously report the traffic load on at least one of the plurality of datacenter pods.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the traffic load limit is specified as a percentage of total capacity of the at least one of the datacenter pods.
14. An apparatus, comprising:
a network interface operable to:
receive a request to migrate a datacenter application hosted by a first datacenter pod to a second datacenter pod, each datacenter pod comprising a self-contained unit of standardized processing, storage, and network resources for hosting data center applications, the request comprising a first pod identifier, a second pod identifier, and authorization information; and

a processor communicatively coupled to the network interface and operable to:
verify that the request to migrate the datacenter application is allowed using the authorization information in the received request;
retrieve a first pod environment configuration using the first pod identifier and a second pod environment configuration using the second pod identifier, each pod environment configuration comprising information describing the processing, storage, and network resources provided by its corresponding datacenter pod;
automatically determine one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modify the datacenter application based on the one or more differences such that the modified datacenter application is operable in the second datacenter pod; and
migrate the modified datacenter application to the second datacenter pod such that the second datacenter pod hosts the modified datacenter application.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further operable to store the one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration.
16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the network interface is further operable to receive a request to revert the modified datacenter application to the first datacenter pod; and
the processor is further operable to:
automatically determine one or more differences between the first pod environment configuration and the second pod environment configuration;
modify the datacenter application based on the one or more differences to be operable in the first datacenter pod; and
revert the datacenter application to the first datacenter pod such that the first datacenter pod hosts the datacenter application.
17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the network interface is further operable to receive updates for a selected one of the first pod environment configuration associated with the first pod identifier and the second pod environment configuration associated with the second pod identifier.
18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first datacenter pod is an application development pod and the second datacenter pod is a testing pod.
19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first datacenter pod is a testing pod and the second datacenter pod is a production pod.