Author: claimsbot

1. Dispensing apparatus for dispensing a product from a container under pressure of a propellant, said apparatus comprising a product chamber within the container and a valve adjacent to the product chamber, characterised in that the valve allows product flow into and out of the product chamber.
2. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the product chamber contains a piston, situated between the propellant and the valve.
3. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve is operated by means of an actuator and a lever.
4. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the actuator and the lever co-operate by means of a screw thread arrangement, such that turning of the actuator relative to the lever varies the flow rate of product out of the apparatus.
5. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the actuator is adapted to be turned between a lock-off position in which operation of the lever does not cause the valve to be opened, and a fully on position, in which operation of the lever causes the valve to be opened to produce a maximum flow rate of product.
6. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein indicating means is provided to demonstrate to a user that the actuator is in the lock off position.
7. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said indicating means is a groove or substantially axial slot in the external wall of the actuator.
8. Dispensing apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the container is made substantially from tin plate or aluminium.
9. Dispensing apparatus for dispensing a product from a container under pressure of a propellant, said apparatus comprising a product chamber within the container, a piston slidably located within said product chamber and a valve adjacent to the product chamber, wherein the valve is operated by means of an actuator and a lever.
10. Dispensing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said valve comprises a substantially hollow cylindrical tube open at the first end and having one or more ports arranged around the circumference of the tube adjacent to the second end.
11. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the area of said ports is greater than the cross-sectional area of said cylindrical tube.
12. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising a boss or cap member, said valve being located within said boss or cap member such that said valve can slide longitudinally within said boss or cap member, said valve being provided with a shaped end profile at said second end adapted to abut a corresponding portion of the boss or cap member to close said valve.
13. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said container is provided with a circular aperture, wherein said boss or cap member is adapted to fit to said circular aperture, said valve and actuator being attached to said cap member.
14. Dispensing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said cap member comprises a curled lip portion adapted to be secured to the rim of said circular aperture.
15. Dispensing apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the second end of said cylinder is closed.
16. Dispensing apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the second end of said cylinder is provided with a flap valve adapted to allow insertion of a product into said container when said product chamber is not pressurised and adapted to close when said product chamber is pressurised.
17. Composite piston for use in dispensing apparatus, said composite piston comprising a first piston, a second piston and a coupling means, the coupling means movably coupling the first and second pistons to each other and permitting limited relative movement between the first and second pistons in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the composite piston.
18. Composite piston according to claim 17, wherein the first and second pistons interlock in use defining a piston sealant chamber.
19. Composite piston according to claim 18, wherein the piston sealant chamber is open circumferentially.
20. Composite piston according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the coupling means comprises a projection on one of the first and second pistons and a recess in the other of the first and second pistons, and the projection engages in the recess to couple the pistons to each other.
21. Composite piston according to claim 20, wherein the projection and the recess include mutually engageable ratchet formations which permit movement of the pistons relative to each other in one direction only.
22. Composite piston according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the recess is a central aperture in one of the is pistons and the projection is a central projection on the other piston arranged to engage the recess.
23. Composite piston according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the pistons are manufactured from a flexible, resilient material, such as plastic.
24. Composite piston according to any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein the composite piston also includes a viscous substance which in use contacts the inside wall of a container adjacent the composite piston and is adapted to facilitate sealing of the composite piston against the inside walls of the container andor reduce friction between the composite piston and the inside walls of the container.
25. Composite piston according to claim 24, wherein the piston assembly is provided with expansion means for accommodating expansion of the sealant, in use.
26. Composite piston according to claim 25, wherein said expansion means comprises thinned portions provided on the first andor second piston, said thinned portions forming pockets which are adapted to expand in a balloon-like manner to accommodate sealant expansion in use.
27. Dispensing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 16, wherein the piston is a composite piston according to any of claims 17 to 26.
28. Container for dispensing a product therefrom, the container comprising a composite piston according to any of claims 17 to 26 movably mounted within the container and an outlet through which the product is dispensed, the container walls and the composite piston defining a product chamber within the container, and movement of the composite piston within the container towards the outlet expelling product through the outlet.
29. Container according to claim 28, wherein the composite piston comprises viscous material located between the first and second pistons and adapted to be forced into engagement with the inside wall of the container by a compression force which acts between the first and second pistons to cause the second piston to move towards the first piston.
30. Container according to claim 29, wherein the composite piston further comprises a wall engaging skirt which abuts against an inside wall of the container.
31. Container according to claim 30, wherein a wall-engaging skirt is provided on both the first and the second pistons.
32. Container according to any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the container is a pressure pack dispenser which comprises a propellant system which pushes the piston towards the outlet.
33. Container according to any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the container is adapted for use in combination with a mechanical actuating device which pushes the composite piston towards the outlet of the container.
34. Container for use in dispensing apparatus, said container comprising a hollow cylindrical portion and a boss portion, said cylindrical portion being open at one end for attachment of a sealing dome and having a curled in portion at the other end for engagement with a corresponding flange provided on the boss portion.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
identifying components within a Web page source file, each component being a script function, a style definition, or an image;
for each identified component, generating an opening tag for the component, the opening tag identifying a name of the component and any other components on which the identified component depends, and modifying the Web page source file to include the opening tag at a location preceding a beginning of the component;
for each identified component, generating a closing tag for the component, and modifying the Web page source file to include the closing tag at a location following an end of the component;
identifying components within a development source file used to generate a production Web page, the development source file providing a development version of the production Web page;
for each component identified in the development source file:
(1) selecting a linked file based on whether the component is a corresponding script function, style definition, or image, the linked file being used during rendering of the production Web page; and
(2) copying the component from the Web page source file to the selected linked file;

generating a main Web page file containing hypertext markup language (HTML) to render the production Web page and a link to each of the linked files to which a component is copied; and
responsive to a request for the production Web page, providing the main Web page file to a Web browser of an end user.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the Web page source file comprises a library.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Web page source file comprises the development source file.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein a set of selected linked files includes a script file consisting essentially of the script functions required by the production Web page.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein a set of selected linked files includes a style definition file consisting essentially of the style definitions required by the production Web page.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the identified components used to generate the production Web page comprise a plurality of images, the method further comprising:
generating a single image file containing each of the plurality of images identified in the development source file;
generating a style definition indicating a location of each image within the single image file; and
adding the generated style definition to the linked file selected for style definition components.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the selected linked file corresponding to style definition components contains all of the style information required to render the production Web page.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the selected linked file corresponding to style definition components consists essentially of style information required to render the production Web page.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein a set of selected linked files consists of a script function file, a style definition file, and an image file.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the main Web page file and the set of selected linked files contain all the HTML, script, style, and image data required to render the production Web page.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the set of selected linked files consist essentially of the script, style, and image data required to render the production Web page.
12. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of, responsive to at least one request from the end user Web browser, providing a selected linked file.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the production Web page is provided to the end user Web browser in response to no more than four requests.
14. A computer-implemented method comprising:
identifying resource tags within a development source file, the development source file providing a development version of a production Web page, each resource tag identifying a component used to generate the production Web page;
for each identified resource tag:
(1) identifying the corresponding component used to generate the production Web page;
(2) identifying a type of the identified component;
(3) copying each identified component from the development source file to a linked file designated for components of a same type as the identified component, the linked file providing all the components of a single type required to render the production Web page;

generating a main Web page file containing hypertext markup language to render the production Web page and a link to each linked file to which a component is copied; and
responsive to a request for the production Web page, providing the main Web page file to a Web browser of an end user.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein a set of linked files to which components are copied comprises:
a first linked file containing all the script components required to render the production Web page; and
a second linked file containing all the style definitions required to render the production Web page.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the set of linked files to which components are copied further comprises a third linked file containing all the images required to render the production Web page.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the first linked file consists essentially of script components required to render the production Web page, and the second linked file consists essentially of style definitions required to render the production Web page.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the set of linked files to which components are copied further comprises a third linked file consisting essentially of all the images required to render the production Web page.

1) A method comprising:
accessing, by a processor, an audio-visual assistant that is executing on a user device, the audio-visual assistant comprising an optical detection function for detecting eye movements of a user of the device and an audio detection function that enables audio interaction by the user with the device;
determining, by the processor via the audio-visual assistant, a portion of a display screen currently being observed by the user;
identifying, by the processor, a user interface element displayed within the portion of the display screen;
receiving, by the processor, a command from the user to control the identified user interface element;
selecting, by the processor, a task to be associated with the user interface element from a plurality of tasks, the plurality of tasks corresponding to respective plurality of commands associated with the audio visual assistant; and
executing, by the processor, the selected task associated with the user interface element based at least on the received command from the user.
2) The method of claim 1, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a first subset of the plurality of commands as input via the optical detection function.
3) The method of claim 1, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a second subset of the plurality of commands as input via the audio detection function.
4) The method of claim 1, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a third subset of the plurality of commands as a combination of inputs via the optical detection function and via the audio detection function.
5) The method of claim 4, wherein the command is comprised in the third subset such that the identified user interface element is selected in response to the input received via the optical detection function and the task is selected in response to the input received via the audio detection function.
6) The method of claim 4, further comprising:
converting, by the processor, the input to the audio detection function to text.
7) The method of claim 6, further comprising:
identifying, by the processor, a command in program code that maps to the text.
8) The method of claim 7, executing the selected task associated with the user interface element further comprising:
executing, by the processor, a code block associated with the command.
9) The method of claim 1, determining the portion of the display screen further comprising:
calibrating, by the processor, the user’s face such that positions of features on the user’s face relative to the display screen are mapped;
storing, by the processor, information regarding the positions in a data storage of the user device; and
displaying, by the processor, a cursor upon conclusion of the calibration on the portion of the display screen currently being observed by the user.
10) The method of claim 9, wherein identifying the user interface element further comprises:
identifying, by the processor, the user interface element displayed below the cursor on the portion of the display screen.
11) The method of claim 1, wherein the user interface element is associated with a software application being executed on the user device.
12) An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor;
a storage medium for tangibly storing thereon program logic for execution by the processor, the program logic comprising:
accessing logic, executed by the processor, for accessing an audio-visual assistant on a user device, the audio-visual assistant comprising an optical detection function for detecting eye movements of a user of the device and an audio detection function that enables audio interaction by the user with the device;
determining logic, executed by the processor for determining via the audio-visual assistant, a portion of a display screen currently being observed by the user;
identifying logic, executed by the processor, for identifying a user interface element displayed within the portion of the display screen;
receiving logic, executed by the processor, for receiving a command from the user to control the identified user interface element;
selecting logic, executed by the processor, for selecting a task to be associated with the user interface element from a plurality of tasks, the plurality of tasks corresponding to respective plurality of commands associated with the audio-visual assistant; and
logic for executing, by the processor, the selected task associated with the user interface element based at least on the received command from the user.
13) The apparatus of claim 12, the receiving logic further comprising:
visual input receiving logic, executed by the processor for receiving a first subset of the plurality of commands as input via the optical detection function.
14) The apparatus of claim 12, the receiving logic further comprising:
audio input receiving logic, executed by the processor for receiving a second subset of the plurality of commands as input via the audio detection function.
15) The apparatus of claim 12, the receiving logic further comprising:
combination input receiving logic, executed by the processor, for receiving a third subset of the plurality of commands as a combination of inputs via the optical detection function and the audio detection function.
16) The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising:
voice converting logic, executed by the processor, for converting the input received by the audio detection function to text; and
command identifying logic, executed by the processor, for identifying a command in program code that maps to the text.
17) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the determining logic further comprises:
calibrating logic, executed by the processor, for calibrating the user’s face such that positions of features on the user’s face relative to the display screen are mapped.
18) The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the calibrating logic further comprises:
storing logic, executed by the processor, for storing information regarding the positions in a data storage of the user device; and
cursor displaying logic, executed by the processor, for displaying a cursor upon conclusion of the calibration on the portion of the display screen currently being observed by the user.
19) A computer readable storage medium, comprising instructions, which when executed by a processor cause the processor to:
access an audio-visual assistant that is executed on a user device, the audio-visual assistant comprising an optical detection function for detecting eye movements of a user of the device and an audio detection function that enables audio interaction by the user with the device;
determine via the audio-visual assistant, a portion of a display screen currently being observed by the user;
identify a user interface element displayed within the portion of the display screen;
receive a command from the user to control the identified user interface element;
select a task to be associated with the user interface element from a plurality of tasks, the plurality of tasks corresponding to respective plurality of commands associated with the audio visual assistant; and
execute the selected task associated with the user interface element based at least on the received command from the user.
20) The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a subset of the plurality of commands as input via the optical detection function.
21) The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a subset of the plurality of commands as input via the audio detection function.
22) The computer readable medium of claim 19, wherein the audio-visual assistant is configured to receive a subset of the plurality of commands as a combination of input via the optical detection function and input via the audio detection function.
23) The computer readable medium of claim 22, further comprising instructions that cause the processor to:
convert input received by the audio detection function to text; and
execute a code block associated with the command.
24) The computer readable medium of claim 19, further comprising instructions that cause the processor to:
calibrate the user’s face such that positions of features on the user’s face relative to the display screen are mapped;
store information regarding the positions in a data storage of the user device.
25) The computer readable medium of claim 24, further comprising instructions that cause the processor to:
display a cursor on the portion of the display screen currently being observed by the user upon conclusion of the calibration; and
identify the user interface element displayed below the cursor on the portion of the display screen.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A screen comprising:
a transparent panel;
a photon-generating layer in order to form each luminous pixel visible through the transparent panel, this layer being housed behind the transparent panel; and
a humanmachine interface able to control the photon-generating layer in order to modify the display of an image by the screen,
wherein the interface comprises:
a localizing device for localizing a movable permanent magnet able to be moved directly by hand by a human being in front of the panel, this device comprising for this purpose:
a network of magnetometers comprising N tri-axis magnetometers mechanically connected to one another with no degree of freedom in order to maintain a known distance between each of these magnetometers, where N is a whole number higher than or equal to five; and
an electronic processing unit able to determine the position andor orientation of the permanent magnet from the measurements of the magnetometers of this network; and

a unit able to control the photon-generating layer in order to modify the display depending on the position andor orientation determined by the device for localizing.
2. The screen as claimed in claim 1, in which the number N is higher than or equal to sixteen.
3. The screen as claimed in claim 1, in which the network of magnetometers of the localizing device is housed behind the photon-generating layer on the side opposite the panel.
4. The screen as claimed in claim 3, in which the magnetometers are placed in a given plane and distributed in this plane so as to form a plurality of columns of magnetometers that are parallel to one another.
5. The screen as claimed in claim 1, in which the magnetometers of the network of magnetometers are arranged inside a strip that encircles the external periphery of the photon-generating layer and none of the magnetometers of the network of magnetometers is placed in front of or behind the photon-generating layer in a direction perpendicular to this layer.
6. The screen as claimed in claim 1, in which the electronic unit includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium containing program instructions programmed to:
a) estimate the position of the permanent magnet relative to the network of magnetometers;
b) calculate the distance between each magnetometer and the estimated position of the permanent magnet; then
c) eliminate the N, magnetometers closest to or the Ne magnetometers furthest from this estimated position, where Ni+Ne is a positive whole number strictly lower than N;
d) acquire the measurement of the magnetic field generated or modified by the permanent magnet taken by each non-eliminated magnetometer; and
e) determine the position or orientation of the permanent magnet from the measurements alone of the non-eliminated magnetometers.
7. An assembly comprising:
a screen according to claim 1; and
a movable permanent magnet able to be localized by the localizing device.
8. A method for controlling the display of a screen equipped with a transparent panel and with a photon-generating layer in order to form each luminous pixel visible through the transparent panel, this layer being housed behind the transparent panel, wherein the method comprises:
a human being moving a movable permanent magnet directly by hand in front of the panel;
measuring the magnetic field generated or modified by the permanent magnet with a plurality of magnetometers of a network of magnetometers comprising N tri-axis magnetometers mechanically connected to one another with no degree of freedom in order to maintain a known distance between each of these magnetometers, where N is a whole number higher than or equal to five;
determining, with an electronic processing unit, the position andor the orientation of the permanent magnet from the measurements of the magnetometers of this network; and
controlling the photon-generating layer in order to modify the display depending on the position andor orientation determined by the electronic unit.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, in which the method comprises:
a) estimating the position of the permanent magnet relative to the network of magnetometers;
b) calculating the distance between each magnetometer and the estimated position of the permanent magnet; then
c) eliminating the Ni magnetometers closest to or the Ne magnetometers furthest from this estimated position, where Ni+Ne is a positive whole number strictly lower than N;
d) measuring the magnetic field generated or modified by the permanent magnet with each non-eliminated magnetometer; and
e) determining the position andor orientation of the permanent magnet from the measurements alone of the magnetometers that have not been eliminated.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, in which in the measuring step, the eliminated magnetometers are turned off)
11. A non-transitory data storage medium, containing program instructions for implementing a control method according to claim 8, when said instructions are executed by an electronic processor.