Author: claimsbot

1. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
a power detection unit that detects one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
a power management server that reduces power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection unit reaches a previously determined upper limit value,
wherein the power management server includes:
a judgment section that judges whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more; and
an instruction section that instructs the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment section is the upper limit value or more; and

the image forming apparatus includes:
a first control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time; and
a second control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction section.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the image forming apparatus is network-connected to the power management server.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the second control section continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at a time when the reduction instruction is received from the instruction section, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising
the image forming apparatus includes an auxiliary power supply capable of chargingdischarging.
5. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has a function to perform plural jobs and has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
a power detection unit that detects one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
a power management server that reduces power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection unit reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management server includes:
a judgment section that judges whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more; and
an instruction section that instructs the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment section is the upper limit value or more; and

the image forming apparatus includes:
a first control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time;
a second control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction section;
a flag that sets inhibition of the job;
a third control section that inhibits, when inhibition is set by the flag at a time of occurrence of the job, execution of the job and notifies the inhibition by a display; and
a fourth control section that suggests, when the inhibition is not set by the flag at the time of occurrence of the job, cancellation or postponement of the job.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein
the second control section continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at a time when the reduction instruction is received from the instruction section, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
7. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has a function to perform plural jobs, and has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
a power detection unit that detects one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
a power management server that reduces power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection unit reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management server includes:
a judgment section that judges whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more, and judges whether the detection result of the power detection unit is less than a specified value lower than the upper limit value; and
an instruction section that instructs the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment section is the upper limit value or more, and instructs the image forming apparatus to cancel the reduction in a case where the judgment result of the judgment section is less than the specified value, and

the image forming apparatus includes:
a first control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time;
a second control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction section;
a flag that sets inhibition of the job;
a third control section that inhibits, when inhibition is set by the flag at a time of occurrence of the job, execution of the job and notifies the inhibition by a display, and cancels the inhibition in a case where a cancellation instruction is received from the instruction section; and
a fourth control section that suggests, when the inhibition is not set by the flag at the time of occurrence of the job, cancellation or postponement of the job by a display.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein
the second control section continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at the time when the instruction of the instruction section is received, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
9. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption, and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
a power detection unit that detects one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
a power management server that reduces power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection unit reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management server includes:
a judgment section that judges whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more; and
an instruction section that instructs the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment section is the upper limit value or more, and

the image forming apparatus includes:
a first control section that changes the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time; and
a second control section that changes the set time to a time shorter than a normal one in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction section.
10. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
power detection means for detecting one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
power management means for reducing power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection means reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management means includes:
judgment means for judging whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more, and
instruction means for instructing the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment means is the upper limit value or more; and

wherein the image forming apparatus includes:
first control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time; and
second control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction means.
11. The system according to claim 10, wherein
the image forming apparatus is network-connected to the power management means.
12. The system according to claim 10 wherein
the second control means continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at a time when the reduction instruction is received from the instruction means, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
13. The system according to claim 10, further comprising
the image forming apparatus includes an auxiliary power supply capable of chargingdischarging.
14. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has a function to perform plural jobs and has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
power detection means for detecting one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
power management means for reducing power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection means reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management means includes:
judgment means for judging whether the detection result of the power detection unit is the upper limit value or more; and
instruction means for instructing the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment means is the upper limit value or more, and

the image forming apparatus includes:
first control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time;
second control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction means;
a flag for setting inhibition of the job;
third control means for inhibiting, when inhibition is set by the flag at a time of occurrence of the job, execution of the job and notifies the inhibition by a display; and
fourth control means for suggesting, when the inhibition is not set by the flag at the time of occurrence of the job, cancellation or postponement of the job.
15. The system according to claim 14, wherein
the second control means continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at a time when the reduction instruction is received from the instruction means, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
16. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has a function to perform plural jobs, and has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
power detection means for detecting one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
power management means for reducing power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection means reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management means includes:
judgment means for judging whether the detection result of the power detection means is the upper limit value or more, and judges whether the detection result of the power detection means is less than a specified value lower than the upper limit value; and
instruction means for instructing the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment means is the upper limit value or more, and instructing the image forming apparatus to cancel the reduction in a case where the judgment result of the judgment means is less than the specified value, and

the image forming apparatus includes:
first control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time;
second control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction means;
a flag for setting inhibition of the job;
third control means for inhibiting, when inhibition is set by the flag at a time of occurrence of the job, execution of the job and notifying the inhibition by a display, and canceling the inhibition in a case where a cancellation instruction is received from the instruction section; and
fourth control means for suggesting, when the inhibition is not set by the flag at the time of occurrence of the job, cancellation or postponement of the job by a display.
17. The system according to claim 16, wherein
the second control means continues, in case the image forming apparatus is performing an operation at a time when the instruction of the instruction means is received, the operation, and changes the operation mode from the normal power operation mode to the power saving standby mode after the operation is ended.
18. An electric-power management system comprising:
at least one image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus has, as an operation mode, a normal power mode in which operation is performed at a normal power consumption, and a power saving mode in which standby is performed at a power lower than the normal power consumption;
power detection means for detecting one of power consumption and integral power consumption of a building where the image forming apparatus is installed; and
power management means for reducing power consumption of the image forming apparatus in a case where a detection result of the power detection means reaches a previously determined upper limit value, wherein the power management means includes:
judgment means for judging whether the detection result of the power detection means is the upper limit value or more; and
instruction means for instructing the image forming apparatus to reduce the power in a case where the judgment result of the judgment means is the upper limit value or more, and

the image forming apparatus includes:
first control means for changing the operation mode from the normal power mode to the power saving mode in a case where a time of the standby reaches a previously determined set time; and
second control means for changing the set time to a time shorter than a normal one in a case where a reduction instruction is received from the instruction means.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A display frame comprising:
a. a first housing member manufactured from a first predetermined material and having a first predetermined size and a first predetermined shape, said first housing member having a generally depressed portion on a predetermined side thereof, said depressed portion having a second predetermined size and a second predetermined shape;
b. a second generally hollow transparent housing member for fitting within said depressed portion of said first housing member, said second housing member having a generally hollow interior portion for housing at least one predetermined item, said second generally hollow transparent member being manufactured from a second predetermined material and having a second predetermined size and a second predetermined shape; and
c. a means for operably connecting said second housing member to said first housing member such that said second housing member is rotatably moveable from a position substantially within said depressed portion of said first housing member to a position substantially outside of said depressed portion and from said position substantially outside of said depressed portion to said position substantially within said depressed portion.
2. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said second housing member includes an access means for enabling a user to access said interior portion of said second housing member.
3. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said first housing member further includes a hanging means operably connected to said first housing member at a predetermined location thereon for hanging said display frame from at least one of a ceiling, a wall, a vertical structure and a combination thereof.
4. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said first housing member further includes a support means engageable with said first housing member for at a least one of supporting said display frame such that said display frame may stand in a generally erect manner.
5. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said first predetermined material is at least one of metal, wood, and plastic.
6. A display frame according to claim 5 wherein said first predetermined material is wood.
7. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said second predetermined material is at least one of plastic and glass.
8. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said second predetermined material is plastic.
9. A display frame according to claim 1 wherein said display frame further includes a securing means for securing said at least one predetermined item within said interior portion of said second housing member.
10. A display frame comprising:
a. a generally hollow transparent housing member having a generally hollow interior portion for housing at least one predetermined item; and
b. a means for operably and rotatably connecting said housing member to a vertical structure such that said housing member is rotatably moveable from a position closely adjacent said vertical structure and to a position substantially away from said vertical structure.
11. A display frame according to claim 10 wherein said means is at least one bracket type means.
12. A display frame according to claim 10 wherein housing member includes an access means for enabling a user to access said interior portion of said housing member.
13. A display frame according to claim 10 wherein said display frame further includes a securing means for securing said at least one predetermined item within said interior portion of said housing member.
14. A display frame comprising:
a. a first housing member manufactured from a first predetermined material and having a first predetermined size and a first predetermined shape, said first housing member having a generally depressed portion on a predetermined side thereof, said depressed portion having a second predetermined size and a second predetermined shape;
b. a frame member having at least a top portion, a bottom portion and one side portion for fitting within at least a part of said depressed portion of said first housing member, said frame member being manufactured from a second predetermined material and having a third predetermined shape and a third predetermined size;
c. a means for operably connecting said frame member to said first housing member such that said frame member is rotatably moveable from a position substantially within said depressed portion of said first housing member to a position substantially outside of said depressed portion and from said position substantially outside of said depressed portion to said position substantially within said depressed portion;
d. a display member for fitting within at least one of said frame member, said housing member, and a combination thereof, said display member being for displaying at least one predetermined item, said display member being manufactured from a fourth predetermined material and having a fifth predetermined size and a fifth predetermined shape;
e. a means for operably connecting said display member to said frame member such that said display member is rotatably moveable about a 360 degree arc within said frame member; and
f. a securing means for releasably securing said at least one predetermined item at least one of to and within said display member.
15. A display frame according to claim 14 wherein said third predetermined shape is substantially identical to a block letter \u201cC\u201d.
16. A display frame according to claim 14 wherein said display member includes a second generally hollow transparent housing member, said second generally hollow transparent housing member having a generally hollow interior portion for housing said at least one predetermined item.
17. A display frame according to claim 14 wherein said display member has a first side thereof for displaying at least a first predetermined item and a second side thereof for displaying at least a second predetermined item.
18. A display frame according to claim 17 wherein said display member further includes at least one generally transparent covering member releasably securable to said display member at a predetermined location thereon for covering at least one of said first side and said second side thereof.

1. A method of providing access to multimedia services for communication devices connected to a private network, by means of a multimedia gateway connected to a multimedia service network, comprising the following steps:
receiving, using a processor, a request from a device in the private network for a public identity associated with the multimedia gateway,
selecting and allocating, using the processor, to said device at least one associated public identity from a pool of public identities associated with the multimedia gateway which have been predefined as valid in the multimedia service network, wherein the multimedia service network is an IMS network, the at least one associated public identity comprises an IP Multimedia Public Identity (IMPU), and allocating the at least one associated public identity comprises assigning at least one temporary IMPU from the pool to the device, and
registering, using the processor, the device by activating the allocated associated public identity in the multimedia service network, thereby enabling the multimedia gateway to establish a multimedia session on behalf of said device, using said allocated associated public identity.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the associated public identities in said pool include temporary identities for use by any devices andor users in the private network, and personal identities reserved for use by specific devices andor users in the private network.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein if a personal associated public identity is required, a specific associated public identity reserved for said device andor its user is selected, whereas if no personal associated public identity is required, any available temporary associated public identity is selected.
4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said received identity request indicates whether a personal or temporary associated public identity is desired.
5. A method according to claim 2, wherein a personal associated public identity is automatically required when said identity request was received from a particular device or user.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein the associated public identities in the pool have been predefined in the multimedia service network for different service profiles with respect to any of: service access limitations, bandwidth priorities, QoS control, parental control, pricing negotiations, identity of callingcalled party, black listing, and security enforcement.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the received identity request is a specifically adapted message defined in said device as an explicit request for an associated public identity.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein said device is a SIP enabled device and the received identity request is a specifically adapted SIP message.
9. A method according to claim 1, wherein said device is an SIP enabled device, and the received identity request is a regular SIP request message for a multimedia service, interpreted as an implicit request for an associated public identity.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein the selected associated public identity is saved together with identity information on said device in a session database.
11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the device identity entered in the session database for said device includes an internal identity code andor a local IP address of the device.
12. A method according to claim 1, wherein said selecting and allocating step includes identifying, using the processor, the requesting device andor user and applying predetermined allocation rules or policies to the request, based on the identified device andor user.
13. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the public identities among the pool of public identities are predefined in the multimedia service network for different service profiles.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the IMPU is used to identify subscribers when participating in IMS services and is associated with an IMS service profile.
15. A method according to claim 1, performed in a separate node, or in an RGW, or in an IMS enabled terminal in the private network.
16. An arrangement in a multimedia gateway connected to a multimedia service network, for providing access to multimedia services for communication devices connected to a private network, comprising:
a processor adapted to receive a request from a device in the private network for a public identity associated with the multimedia gateway, and
processor adapted to select and allocate to said device, at least one associated public identity from a pool of public identities associated with the multimedia gateway which have been predefined as valid in the multimedia service network, wherein the multimedia service network is an IMS network, the at least one associated public identity comprises an IP Multimedia Public Identity (IMPU), and the allocation of the at least one associated public identity comprises assigning at least one temporary IMPU from the pool to the device,
wherein the processor adapted to receive the request is further adapted to register the device by activating the allocated associated public identity in the multimedia service network, thereby enabling the multimedia gateway to establish a multimedia session on behalf of said device, using said allocated associated public identity.
17. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein the associated public identities in said pool include temporary identities for use by any devices andor users in the private network, and personal identities reserved for use by specific devices andor users in the private network.
18. An arrangement according to claim 17, wherein if a personal associated public identity is required, said processor adapted to select and allocate to said device is further adapted to select a specific associated public identity reserved for said device andor its user, whereas if no personal associated public identity is required, said identity manager is further adapted to select any available temporary associated public identity.
19. An arrangement according to claim 17, wherein said received identity request indicates whether a personal or temporary associated public identity is desired.
20. An arrangement according to claim 17, wherein a personal associated public identity is automatically required when said received identity request was received from a particular device or user.
21. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein the associated public identities in the pool have been predefined in the multimedia service network for different service profiles with respect to any of: service access limitations, bandwidth priorities, QoS control, parental control, pricing negotiations, identity of callingcalled party, black listing, and security enforcement.
22. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein the received identity request is a specifically adapted message defined in said device as an explicit request for an associated public identity.
23. An arrangement according to claim 22, wherein said device is a SIP enabled device and the received identity request is a specifically adapted SIP message.
24. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein said device is an SIP enabled device, and the received identity request is a regular SIP request message for a multimedia service, interpreted as an implicit request for an associated public identity.
25. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein said processor adapted to select and allocate to said device is further adapted to save the selected associated public identity together with identity information on said device in a session database.
26. An arrangement according to claim 25, wherein the device identity entered in the session database for said device includes an internal identity code andor a local IP address of the device.
27. An arrangement according to claim 16, wherein said processor adapted to select and allocate to said device is further adapted to identify the requesting device andor user and apply predetermined allocation rules or policies to the request, based on the identified device andor user.
28. An arrangement according to claim 16, adapted to be implemented as a separate node, or in an RGW, or in an IMS enabled terminal in the private network.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A dynamically variable lens comprising an array of resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cells arranged in two or three dimensions, each metamaterial cell including:
a substrate and a capacitance tuned split ring resonator formed on the substrate, wherein:
the capacitance tuned split ring resonator includes a structure having a gap and formed of an electrically conductive material and a region of photo-capacitive material formed in close proximity to the structure such that the capacitance of the photo-capacitive material is changed and the resonance frequency of the metamaterial cell is thereby tuned by control illumination of the photo-capacitive material with at the band gap and below the band gap energy.
2. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1 wherein in the metamaterial, the photo-capacitive material comprises semi-insulating GaAs.
3. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, comprising an array of resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cells arranged in two dimensions.
4. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, comprising an array of resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cells arranged in three dimensions.
5. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cell comprises two orthogonal split ring resonators.
6. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cell comprises three orthogonal split ring resonators.
7. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cell comprises negative dielectric means.
8. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cell comprises wires.
9. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, comprising an array of resonance frequency tunable metamaterial cells with wires extends through the cells.
10. The dynamically variable lens of claim 1, wherein the cell comprises an optical wave guide in photo communication with the photo-capacitive material.
11. A method of dynamically varying a lens comprising:
(a.) providing a resonance frequency tunable electromagnetic metamaterial, the metamaterial comprising
a substrate; and
an array of split ring resonators formed on the substrate, wherein:
at least one of the split ring resonators comprises a capacitance tuned split ring resonator, the capacitance tuned split ring resonator including a structure having a gap and formed of an electrically conductive material and a region of photo-capacitive material formed in close proximity to the structure;

(b.) illuminating the photo-capacitive material with at the band gap and below the band gap electromagnetic control radiation having a selected range of wavelengths; and
(c.) by means of the photo-capacitive effect, tuning the metamaterial with the control electromagnetic radiation.
12. The method of claim 11, tuning is accomplished by varying intensity of control electromagnetic radiation to change the operating frequency of the lens and selecting frequencies at a constant value of permittivity to control the frequency of electromagnetic radiation the lens operates on at a constant lens focal length.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein tuning is accomplished by varying intensity of control electromagnetic radiation to change the operating frequency of the lens and selecting permittivity values at a constant frequency to focus the lens at the constant frequency.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein index of refraction is controlled by the combination of setting permittivity and adjusting permeability.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the electromagnetic control radiation is at the band gap energy.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the electromagnetic control radiation is below the band gap energy.
17. The method of claim 11, additionally comprising:
setting the permittivity of the lens.
18. The method of claim 11, additionally comprising:
providing wires in the substrate and setting a negative permittivity of the lens therewith.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein the photo-capacitive material comprises semi-insulating GaAs.
20. The method of claim 11, additionally comprising,
directing radiation on which the lens operates onto the lens, the radiation on which the lens operates selected from the group consisting of radio waves, microwaves, terahertz waves, near infra red waves, infra red waves and visible waves.
21. A resonance frequency tunable system including:
(a.) a dynamically tunable lens comprising an electromagnetic metamaterial comprising:
a substrate and an array of split ring resonators formed on the substrate, wherein:
at least one of the split ring resonators comprises a photo-capacitance tuned split ring resonator including an electrically conductive structure and a region of photo-capacitive material formed in close proximity to the structure;
(b.) a source of at the band gap and below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation in the range of radio frequency waves to visible frequencies and an electro-optical modulator controlling the at the band gap and below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation therefrom; and
(c.) an optical wave guide illuminating the photo-capacitive material with electromagnetic radiation from the source and electro-optical modulator.
22. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls wavelength of band gap energy electromagnetic radiation.
23. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls wavelength of at the band gap and below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation.
24. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls intensity of at the band gap and below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation.
25. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls temporal structure of at the band gap and below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation pulses.
26. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls at the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation.
27. The system of claim 21 wherein the electro-optical modulator controls below the band gap energy electromagnetic radiation.