Author: claimsbot

1. A high-voltage generator of an X-ray device, comprising:
a high-voltage measurement device connected to the terminals of the high-voltage generator, wherein the high voltage measurement device
comprises a compact component integrating at least one measurement resistor and a plurality of capacitors,
wherein the compact component comprises at least two insulating plates facing each other,
wherein the measurement resistor is made on one face of a plate,
wherein each of the plurality of capacitors is made on faces of plates situated beneath the face of the plate that comprises the measurement resistor,
wherein each of the plurality of capacitors comprises a succession of metallized strips and insulating strips and the metallized strips of one face of a bottom plate overlap two metallized strips of one face of a plate that is directly above.
2. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the insulating plates are made of ceramic.
3.-16. (canceled)
17. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the capacitors are distributed discretely and series-mounted.
18. A generator according to claim 1, a width of the metallized strips is greater than or equal to a width of the insulating strip.
19. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the measurement resistor is made on an upper face of the insulating plate by screen-printing with a resistive ink.
20. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the measurement resistor is made out of resistive and discrete components.
21. A generator according to claim 19, wherein the resistive component of the measurement resistor is screen-printed ink.
22. A generator according to claim 19, wherein the resistive component of the measurement resistor is obtained by laser etching on the upper face of the insulating plate.
23. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the metallized strips are made of a silk-screen-printed metal.
24. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the metallized strips are made by bonding to the insulating plate to a metal film.
25. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the metallized strips are made of copper or aluminium.
26. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the minimuma minimum width of the metallization strips is determined as a function of a preliminarily defined electrical insulation parameter.
27. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the number of plates on which the capacitors are made depends on the capacitance of the capacitors.
28. A generator according to claim 1, wherein the capacitors are parallel-connected to the measurement resistor, wherein the measurement device comprises a balancing capacitor (C) connected to a measurement point of the measurement device and to a ground (M).
29. A generator according to claim 28, wherein the balancing capacitor (C) has a capacitance less than the capacitance of the capacitors of the plates, in a ratio that is inversely proportional to that of the resistors.
30. A generator according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of the capacitors is connected to the high-voltage generator at a connection point different from that of the measurement resistor, and to ground.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An apparatus providing access to delicate tissue through a transcutaneous incision comprising:
an interleaved combination of an open sleeve hollow retractor and a tapered tipped wedge introducer;
said wedge introducer being introduced into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve;
a distal tip of said wedge introducer extending beyond a distal end of said hollow retractor, at a location region forward of a distal end of said hollow retractor, so that said wedge introducer traverses the delicate tissue ahead of said distal end of the hollow retractor, guiding said hollow retractor into place to the delicate tissue; and,
said tapered tipped wedge introducer being removable from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the delicate tissue, leaving the delicate tissue exposed to a said open sleeve of said hollow retractor.
2. The apparatus providing access into delicate tissue as in claim 1 further comprising:
said hollow retractor having an open sleeve having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer retractor having a length exceeding a predetermined length of said hollow retractor, providing an advancing member extending forward of a distal end of said hollow retractor;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer having a diameter with an arc of a decreasing curved cross section approximating said arc of said curved cross section of said open sleeve;
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being insertable adjacent to the delicate tissue; and,
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being advanced together to the delicate tissue.
3. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said hollow retractor provides access for at least one surgical instrument to a surgical site within the delicate tissue.
4. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 1 wherein the hollow retractor and the interleaved tapered tipped wedge introducer spread a portion of delicate tissue apart from another portion of delicate tissue toward the surgical site.
5. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 1 wherein the hollow retractor and the interleaved tapered tipped wedge introducer intersect transversally into a portion of delicate tissue at the surgical site.
6. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said hollow retractor supports the delicate tissue thereupon.
7. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said apparatus provides access for at least one inflatable prosthetic member into the delicate tissue and inflating the inflatable member.
8. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said hollow retractor includes a handle attachable to a clamp.
9. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer include a lock temporarily locking said tapered tipped wedge introducer adjacent to said hollow retractor.
10. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said at least one arc of said curve of said diameter of said hollow retractor is a closed plane curve.
11. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said at least one arc of said curve of said diameter of said hollow retractor is an arc of a portion of a closed plane curve.
12. The apparatus as in claim 1 wherein a distal end of said tapered introducer has a small opening at a distal end thereof, allowing for removal of small portions of tissue from a surgical site.
13. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said at least one arc of said curve of said diameter of said hollow retractor is an arc of a portion of a closed plane curve wherein the closed plane curve is generated by a point moving in such a way that the sums of its distances from two fixed points is a constant.
14. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said at least one arc of said curve of said diameter of said hollow retractor is an arc of a portion of a closed plane curve wherein the closed plane curve is an elliptical oval-shaped plane section of a circular cone that is a not perpendicular to an axis of the cone.
15. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 14 wherein said at least one arc of said curve of said diameter of said hollow retractor is an arc of a portion of a closed plane curve wherein the closed plane curve is an elliptical oval.
16. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said arc of said hollow retractor is a portion of a continuous arc.
17. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said arc of said hollow retractor is a continuous arc.
18. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said arc of said tapered tipped wedge introducer is a portion of a continuous arc.
19. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said arc of said tapered tipped wedge introducer is a continuous arc.
20. The apparatus for providing access to delicate tissue as in claim 2 wherein said closed plane curve is flared outward at a proximal end.
21. A method of providing access into delicate tissue for at least one surgical instrument assembly comprising the steps:
making an incision into delicate tissue;
providing a hollow retractor having an open sleeve having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
providing a tapered tipped wedge introducer having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter introducing said tapered tipped wedge introducer into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve having said at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having a diameter with an arc of a decreasing curved cross section approximating said arc of said curved cross section of said open sleeve;
placing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer into the delicate tissue;
advancing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer through said delicate tissue to a surgical site therein;
retracting said tapered tipped wedge introducer from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the tissue; and,
accessing at least one surgical instrument to the surgical site within the delicate tissue.
22. A method of providing access into delicate tissue for at least one surgical instrument comprising the steps:
making an incision into delicate tissue;
providing a hollow retractor having an open sleeve having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
providing a tapered tipped wedge introducer having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter introducing said tapered tipped wedge introducer into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve having said at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having a diameter with an arc of a decreasing curved cross section approximating said arc of said curved cross section of said open sleeve;
placing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer into the delicate tissue;
advancing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer through said delicate tissue to a surgical site therein;
retracting said tapered tipped wedge introducer from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the tissue; and,
supporting the delicate tissue thereupon.
23. A method of providing access into delicate tissue for at least one surgical instrument comprising the steps:
making an incision into delicate tissue;
providing a hollow retractor having an open sleeve having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
providing a tapered tipped wedge introducer having a diameter of at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter introducing said tapered tipped wedge introducer into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve having said at least one arc of a curve having a decreasing curved cross sectional diameter;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said closed end tipped wedge introducer having a diameter with an arc of a decreasing curved cross section approximating said arc of said curved cross section of said open sleeve;
placing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer into the delicate tissue;
advancing said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer through said delicate tissue to a surgical site therein;
retracting said tapered tipped wedge introducer from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the tissue; and,
accessing at least one inflatable prosthetic member into the delicate tissue and inflating the inflatable member.
24. An apparatus providing access to delicate tissue through a transcutaneous incision comprising:
an interleaved combination of an open sleeve hollow retractor and a tapered tipped wedge introducer;
said open sleeve hollow retractor being tapered;
said open sleeve hollow retractor having a decreasing elliptical cross section;
said wedge introducer being tapered;
said wedge introducer having a decreasing elliptical cross section;
said wedge introducer being introduced into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve;
a distal tip of said wedge introducer extending beyond a distal end of said hollow retractor, at a location region forward of a distal end of said hollow retractor, so that said wedge introducer traverses the delicate tissue ahead of said distal end of the hollow retractor, guiding said hollow retractor into place to the delicate tissue;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer being removable from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the delicate tissue, leaving the delicate tissue exposed to a said open sleeve of said hollow retractor;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being insertable adjacent to the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being advanced together to the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor providing access for at least one surgical instrument to a surgical site within the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor including a handle attachable to a clamp;
said handle having a base where said handle is attached to said hollow retractor, said handle merging with said base in a cascading shape, interrupting the continuous curve of the proximal end of the hollow retractor, said cascading dip providing easier finger access into a working channel of said hollow retractor; and,
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer including a lock temporarily locking said tapered tipped wedge introducer adjacent to said hollow retractor.
25. An apparatus providing access to delicate tissue through a transcutaneous incision comprising:
an interleaved combination of an open sleeve hollow retractor and a tapered tipped wedge introducer;
said open sleeve hollow retractor being tapered;
said open sleeve hollow retractor being arch shaped, having a decreasing arched cross section;
said wedge introducer being tapered;
said wedge introducer being arch shaped, having a decreasing arch shaped cross section;
said wedge introducer being introduced into an area adjacent to said hollow sleeve;
a distal tip of said wedge introducer extending beyond a distal end of said hollow retractor, at a location region forward of a distal end of said hollow retractor, so that said wedge introducer traverses the delicate tissue ahead of said distal end of the hollow retractor, guiding said hollow retractor into place to the delicate tissue;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer being removable from said open sleeve of said hollow retractor adjacent the delicate tissue, leaving the delicate tissue exposed to a said open sleeve of said hollow retractor;
said tapered tipped wedge introducer having an exterior surface corresponding to an interior surface of said hollow sleeve;
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being insertable adjacent to the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer being advanced together to the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor providing access for at least one surgical instrument to a surgical site within the delicate tissue;
said hollow retractor including a handle attachable to a clamp;
said handle having a base where said handle is attached to said hollow retractor, said handle merging with said base in a cascading shape, interrupting the continuous curve of the proximal end of the hollow retractor, said cascading dip providing easier finger access into a working channel of said hollow retractor; and,
said hollow retractor and said tapered tipped wedge introducer including a lock temporarily locking said tapered tipped wedge introducer adjacent to said hollow retractor.

What is claimed is:

1. An image processing apparatus capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
holding means for holding output images in a first size and output positions thereof, and holding output images in a second size and output positions thereof;
selection means for selecting a desired image from the output images held by said holding means, and designating an output size of the selected image;
generation means for generating an output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output image between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected by said selection means;
determination means for determining a rendering position of the output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output position between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected by said selection means; and
rendering means for rendering the output image generated by said generation means at the rendering position determined by said determination means.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said selection means selects the image from the output images in the first size held by said holding means.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said rendering means renders the output image generated by said generation means on a display screen of a display device.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising output means for outputting rendering information of said rendering means to an output device which permanently visually displays the rendering information in units of pages.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said rendering means renders the output image generated by said generation means as print information to a printing apparatus.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output image rendered by said rendering means is frame information of image information, and said apparatus further comprises:
designation means for designating fitting information to be fitted in the frame information; and
fitting means for fitting the fitting information designated by said designation means into a frame of the frame information.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein after fitting by said fitting means, a rendering size of the frame information of the image selected by said selection means is allowed to change, and when the rendering size of the frame information is changed after fitting, a fitting position of the fitting information is changed in correspondence with movement of the rendering position determined by said determination means to hold a fitting positional relationship with the frame information.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the fitting information designated by said designation means is image information, said fitting means does not change the fitting information irrespective of the change in size of the frame information of the image selected by said selection means, and renders an image in the fitting information, which corresponds to an interior of a frame of the frame information, as the fitting information in the frame.
9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the fitting information designated by said designation means is character information, said fitting means displays the character information within a frame of the frame information of the image selected by said selection means.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein when a size of the character information in a row direction falls outside the frame, said fitting means fits the character information by automatically inserting a carriage return so as to make the character information fall within the frame.
11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a moving amount of a rendering position of the output image corresponding to the ratio of change in output position of the output image between the first and second sizes is compressed in the vicinity of an edge portion of an outputtable range so as to prevent the rendering position from falling outside the outputtable range of an output device upon movement of the rendering position determined by said determination means for the output image selected by said selection means.
12. An image processing apparatus for rendering an object set generated by document processing means for processing a character and figure or image processing means for processing an image,
the object set being formed by more than one objects, each object having an attribute for rendering which is associated with a mapping method upon changing a size of the object, and can be individually set,
said apparatus comprising:
edit means for editing the objects that form the object set;
rendering means for rendering based on attributes in units of objects;
changing means for changing a size of the object set;
generation means for generating new size information of the object set in correspondence with the change in size by said changing means; and
determination means for determining a new rendering attribute of each object on the basis of the rendering attribute of each of the objects that form the object set in accordance with the size information generated by said generation means,
said rendering means rendering on the basis of the rendering attributes of the objects determined by said determination means.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said edit means can edit a character or character string as an edit function of the objects that form the object set.
14. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said edit means can edit a figure as an edit function of the objects that form the object set.
15. An image processing method for an image processing apparatus which comprises holding means for holding output images in a first size and output positions thereof, and holding output images in a second size and output positions thereof, and is capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
the selection step of selecting a desired image from the output images held by said holding means, and designating an output size of the selected image;
the generation step of generating an output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output image between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected in the selection step;
the determination step of determining a rendering position of the output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output position between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected in the selection step; and
the rendering step of rendering the output image generated in the generation step at the rendering position determined in the determination step.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the selection step includes the step of selecting the image from the output images in the first size held by said holding means.
17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the rendering step includes the step of rendering the output image generated in the generation step on a display screen of a display device.
18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising the output step of outputting rendering information in the rendering step to an output device which permanently visually displays the rendering information in units of pages.
19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the rendering step includes the step of rendering the output image generated in the generation step as print information to a printing apparatus.
20. The method according to claim 15, wherein the output image rendered in the rendering step is frame information of image information, and said method further comprises:
the designation step of designating fitting information to be fitted in the frame information; and
the fitting step of fitting the fitting information designated in the designation step into a frame of the frame information.
21. The method according to claim 20, wherein after fitting in the fitting step, a rendering size of the frame information of the image selected in the selection step is allowed to change, and when the rendering size of the frame information is changed after fitting, a fitting position of the fitting information is changed in correspondence with movement of the rendering position determined in the determination step to hold a fitting positional relationship with the frame information.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein when the fitting information designated in the designation step is image information, the fitting step includes the step of inhibiting the fitting information from changing irrespective of the change in size of the frame information of the image selected in the selection step, and rendering an image in the fitting information, which corresponds to an interior of a frame of the frame information, as the fitting information in the frame.
23. The method according to claim 21, wherein when the fitting information designated in the designation step is character information, the fitting step includes the step of displaying the character information within a frame of the frame information of the image selected in the selection step.
24. The method according to claim 23, wherein when a size of the character information in a row direction falls outside the frame, the fitting step includes the step of fitting the character information by automatically inserting a carriage return so as to make the character information fall within the frame.
25. The method according to claim 15, wherein a moving amount of a rendering position of the output image corresponding to the ratio of change in output position of the output image between the first and second sizes is compressed in the vicinity of an edge portion of an outputtable range so as to prevent the rendering position from falling outside the outputtable range of an output device upon movement of the rendering position determined in the determination step for the output image selected in the selection step.
26. An image processing method for an image processing apparatus for rendering an object set generated by document processing means for processing a character and figure or image processing means for processing an image,
the object set being formed by more than one objects, each object having an attribute for rendering which is associated with a mapping method upon changing a size of the object, and can be individually set,
said method comprising:
the edit step of editing the objects that form the object set;
the rendering step of rendering based on attributes in units of objects;
the changing step of changing a size of the object set;
the generation step of generating new size information of the object set in correspondence with the change in size in the changing step; and
the determination step of determining a new rendering attribute of each object on the basis of the rendering attribute of each of the objects that form the object set in accordance with the size information generated in the generation step,
the rendering step including the step of rendering on the basis of the rendering attributes of the objects determined in the determination step.
27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the edit step can edit a character or character string as an edit function of the objects that form the object set.
28. The method according to claim 26, wherein the edit step can edit a figure as an edit function of the objects that form the object set.
29. A computer-readable memory which stores a program code of image processing for an image processing apparatus which comprises holding means for holding output images in a first size and output positions thereof, and holding output images in a second size and output positions thereof, and is capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
a program code of the selection step of selecting a desired image from the output images held by said holding means, and designating an output size of the selected image;
a program code of the generation step of generating an output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output image between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected in the selection step;
a program code of the determination step of determining a rendering position of the output image corresponding to the output size on the basis of a ratio of change in output position between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of the image selected in the selection step; and
a program code of the rendering step of rendering the output image generated in the generation step at the rendering position determined in the determination step.
30. A computer-readable memory which stores a program code of image processing for an image processing apparatus for rendering an object set generated by document processing means for processing a character and figure or image processing means for processing an image,
the object set being formed by more than one objects, each object having an attribute for rendering which is associated with a mapping method upon changing a size of the object, and can be individually set,
said program code comprising:
a program code of the edit step of editing the objects that form the object set;
a program code of the rendering step of rendering based on attributes in units of objects;
a program code of the changing step of changing a size of the object set;
a program code of the generation step of generating new size information of the object set in correspondence with the change in size in the changing step; and
a program code of the determination step of determining a new rendering attribute of each object on the basis of the rendering attribute of each of the objects that form the object set in accordance with the size information generated in the generation step,
the rendering step including the step of rendering on the basis of the rendering attributes of the objects determined in the determination step.
31. An image processing apparatus capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
instruction means for instructing simultaneous variable magnification processing of a specific region; and
changing means for changing a layout without changing a size of a character itself in the specific region when said instruction means instructs the variable magnification processing of the specific region in one of vertical and horizontal directions, and changing the size of the character itself without changing the layout when said instruction means instructs the variable magnification processing of the specific region in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
32. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein said changing means changes the layout by changing the number of lines and the number of characters of character information.
33. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein when said instruction means instructs the variable magnification processing of the specific region in one of the vertical and horizontal directions, said changing means does not change a size of an image in the specific region.
34. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the specific region, the variable magnification processing of which is instructed by said instruction means, is a region in a frame including a fitted region, which is registered in advance.
35. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein said changing means comprises:
holding means for holding an output image of the frame in a first size and an output position of the output image in the first size, and an output image of the frame in a second size and an output position of the output image in the second size; and
generation means for generating a size-changed frame image corresponding to an instructed magnification factor on the basis of a ratio of change in output image between the first and second sizes held by said holding means of a size-changed image of the frame instructed by said instruction means.
36. An image processing method for an image processing apparatus capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
the instruction step of instructing simultaneous variable magnification processing of a specific region; and
the changing step of changing a layout without changing a size of a character itself in the specific region when the variable magnification processing of the specific region in one of vertical and horizontal directions is instructed in the instruction step, and changing the size of the character itself without changing the layout when the variable magnification processing of the specific region in both the vertical and horizontal directions is instructed in the instruction step.
37. The method according to claim 36, wherein when the variable magnification processing of the specific region in one of the vertical and horizontal directions is instructed in the instruction step, a size of an image in the specific region is not changed.
38. The method according to claim 36, wherein the specific region, the variable magnification processing of which is instructed in the instruction step, is a region in a frame including a fitted region, which is registered in advance.
39. The method according to claim 38, wherein a size-changed frame image corresponding to an instructed magnification factor is generated on the basis of a ratio of change in output image between first and second sizes held by holding means for holding an output image of the frame in a first size and an output position of the output image in the first size, and an output image of the frame in a second size and an output position of the output image in the second size.
40. A computer-readable memory which stores a program code for image processing in an image processing apparatus capable of variable magnification processing of output information, comprising:
a program code of the instruction step of instructing simultaneous variable magnification processing of a specific region; and
a program code of the changing step of changing a layout without changing a size of a character itself in the specific region when the variable magnification processing of the specific region in one of vertical and horizontal directions is instructed in the instruction step, and changing the size of the character itself without changing the layout when the variable magnification processing of the specific region in both the vertical and horizontal directions is instructed in the instruction step.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

I claim:

1. An educational system for teaching individuals their emotions, comprising:
(a) at least one set of faces;
(b) said set of faces being correlated with a respective one of a multiplicity of different emotions experienced by individuals from time to time; and
(c) for said respective one emotion correlated with said one set of faces, a plurality of states of said respective one emotion are defined in the form of a different facial expression on each of said faces of said one set of faces.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said one set of faces contains three faces.
3. An educational system for teaching individuals their emotions, comprising:
(a) a multiplicity of sets of faces;
(b) each of said sets of faces being correlated with a respective one of a multiplicity of different emotions experienced by individuals from time to time; and
(c) for each of said different emotions correlated with a respective one of said sets of faces, a plurality of states of the emotion are defined in the form of a different facial expression on each of said faces of said respective one set thereof.
4. The system of claim 3 wherein each set of faces contains three faces.
5. The system of claim 3 wherein said facial expression on each of said faces of said respective set thereof includes a plurality of facial features thereon.
6. The system of claim 5 wherein said facial features include eyes, eyebrows, a mouth and a nose.
7. The system of claim 5 wherein said facial features of said facial expression on one of said faces of said respective set thereof differ in their relative sizes from one state to another for each emotion expressed.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein said facial expression on each of said faces of said respective set thereof also includes a facial circle surrounding said facial features.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein said facial features of said facial expression on each of said faces of said respective set thereof differ in their sizes relative to said facial circle from one face to the another of said respective set and thus from one state to another for each emotion expressed.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein said sizes of said facial features are smallest relative to said facial circle surrounding said facial features on a face of said respective set representing a subdued state for the emotion expressed by said respective set of faces.
11. The system of claim 9 wherein said sizes of said facial features are largest relative to said facial circle surrounding said facial features on a face of said respective set representing an exaggerated state for the emotion expressed by said respective set of faces.
12. The system of claim 9 wherein said sizes of said facial features are balanced relative to said facial circle surrounding said facial features on a face of said respective set representing a normal state for the emotion expressed by said respective set of faces.
13. An educational method for teaching individuals their emotions, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a multiplicity of different sets of faces with each set being correlated with one of a multiplicity of different emotions experienced by individuals from time to time;
(b) selecting at least a pair of faces from different ones of said sets;
(c) displaying said faces of said pair thereof on each of a succession of substrates; and
(d) changing said faces of said pair thereof so as to switch emphasis between said faces on said succession of substrates.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said faces are displayed on diagonal portions of some of said substrates in said succession thereof.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein at least one of said faces is displayed on a central portion of some of said substrates in said succession thereof.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein said faces are alternately displayed on successive ones of said substrates.
17. The method of claim 13 wherein said faces are respectively displayed in opposing upper left and lower right portions of some of said substrates in said succession thereof.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the one of said faces displayed in the upper left portion of a first substrate in said succession thereof is substantially smaller in size than the other face displayed in the lower right portion of said first substrate.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the one of said faces progressively increases in size in going from said first of said substrates to a last of said substrates in said succession thereof.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein the other of said faces progressively decreases in size in going from said first of said substrates to said last of said substrates in said succession thereof.
21. The method of claim 13 wherein for each of the different emotions correlated with a respective one of said sets of faces, a plurality of states of the emotion are defined in the form of a different facial expression on each of said faces of said respective one set thereof.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein said facial expression on each of said faces of said respective one of said sets thereof includes a plurality of facial features thereon, said facial features of said facial expression on one of said faces of said respective one set differ in their relative sizes from one state to another for each emotion expressed.
23. An educational doll, comprising:
(a) a body having upper and lower portions;
(b) a head attached on said upper portion of said body;
(c) a plurality of limbs;
(d) means for attaching said limbs respectively to said upper and lower portions of said body; and
(e) at least one of said limbs having a stretchable connector assembly and a limb portion attached to said connector assembly and allowing said limb to be gripped and pulled away from said body and released and returned back toward said body.
24. The doll of claim 23 wherein said stretchable connector assembly includes a fan folded section connected to said limb portion.
25. The doll of claim 24 wherein said fan folded section is adapted to have applied thereon at least a selected one of a multiplicity of different faces correlated with one of a multiplicity of different emotions experienced by individuals from time to time.
26. The doll of claim 24 wherein said stretchable connector assembly further includes a connector strip of stretchable material extending from said body through said fan folded section to said limb portion.
27. The doll of claim 23 wherein said limbs include a pair of arms, one of said arms having said fan folded section therein.
28. The doll of claim 23 wherein said limbs include a pair of legs, one of said legs having said fan folded section therein.
29. The doll of claim 23 wherein said means for attaching said limbs to said body includes complementary sets of fastening elements which are connectible to and disconnectible from one another for detachably attaching at least some of said limbs to said body.
30. The doll of claim 23 wherein at least one of said limbs and said head has a swivel element connected thereto permitting grasping of said swivel element and rotating of said doll relative to said swivel element.
31. The doll of claim 23 wherein said limbs include a pair of legs, one of said legs having a foot and an elastic band with a ring element attached thereto and said band being secured over said foot to permit grasping of said foot via said ring element.
32. The doll of claim 23 wherein said head is adapted to have applied thereon a selected one of a multiplicity of different faces correlated with one of a multiplicity of different emotions experienced by individuals from time to time.
33. The doll of claim 32 wherein said faces have a flat form and are detachably and interchangeably applied to a front surface of the head.
34. An educational doll, comprising:
(a) a body having upper and lower portions and opposite lateral sides;
(b) a head attached on said upper portion of said body;
(c) a pair of arms;
(d) means for attaching said arms to said opposite sides of said body at said upper portion thereof and adjacent to opposite lateral sides of said head;
(e) a pair of legs;
(f) means for attaching said legs to said lower portion of said body at locations adjacent to said opposite sides of said body such that each of said legs at one of said opposite sides of said body is disposed diagonally across said body from one of said arms at the other of said opposite sides of said body; and
(g) a connector assembly including
(i) a pair of fan folded sections, one of said fan folded sections being disposed in one of said arms and the other of said fan folded sections being disposed in one of said legs disposed diagonally across said body from said one arm, and
(ii) an elongated connector strip of material at least portions of which are stretchable, said connector strip extending diagonally across said body and having opposite end portions extending through said fan folded sections of said respective diagonally disposed arm and leg and attached to respective arm and leg portions of said arm and leg so as to allow said diagonally disposed arm and leg portions to be gripped and pulled away from said body and released and returned back toward said body.
35. The doll of claim 34 wherein said connector assembly further includes a cover strip of material attached to an exterior portion of said body so as to define a passageway along said body with said connector strip slidably extending therethrough.
36. The doll of claim 34 wherein said means for attaching said arms to said body and said means for attaching legs to said body include complementary sets of fastening elements which are connectible to and disconnectible from one another for detachably attaching at least some of said arms and legs to said body.
37. The doll of claim 34 wherein at least one of said legs and said head has a swivel element connected thereto permitting grasping of said swivel element and rotating of said doll relative to said swivel element.
38. The doll of claim 34 wherein at least one of said legs having a foot and an elastic band with a ring element attached thereto and said band being secured over said foot so as to permit grasping of said foot via said ring element.
39. The doll of claim 34 wherein said head is adapted to have applied thereon a selected one of a multiplicity of different faces correlated with one of a multiplicity of different emotions. experienced by individuals from time to time.
40. The doll of claim 39 wherein said faces have a flat form and are detachably and interchangeably applied to a front surface of the head.