Author: claimsbot

We claim:

1. A composition for modulating the immune response in a subject comprising a mutein of interleukin-1 (IL-1) having reduced toxicity to a human compared to the corresponding wild-type IL-1.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said IL-1 is IL-1.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said IL-1 is mature IL-1.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said IL-1 is human IL-1.
5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a positively charged residue of said IL-1 has been replaced with any of the other 17 natural amino acids.
6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein said positively charged residue is arginine or lysine.
7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein said IL-1 is mature human IL-1 and wherein said positively charged residue replaced is arginine at position 127.
8. A method of modulating the immune response of a subject to a vaccine antigen comprising administering an effective amount of interleukin-1 (IL-1) mutein having reduced toxicity, in concurrent or sequential combination with said vaccine antigen.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said IL-1 is IL-1.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein said IL-1 mature IL-1.
11. The method according to claim 8, wherein said IL-1 is human IL-1.
12. The method according to claim 8, wherein a positively charged residue of said IL-1 has been replaced with any of the other 17 natural amino acids.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein said positively charged residue is arginine or lysine.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said IL-1 is mature human IL-1 and wherein said positively charged residue replaced is arginine at position 127.
15. The method according to claim 8, wherein said vaccine antigen is selected from the group consisting of proteins, peptides, hormones and glycoproteins.
16. The method according to claim 8, wherein said vaccine antigen is selected from the group consisting of viral antigen, fungal antigen, parasitic antigen, bacterial antigen, allergen, auto-immune related antigen and tumor-associated antigen.
17. The method according to claim 8, wherein said IL-1 mutein is administered by a method selected from the group consisting of mucosally, intramuscularly and subcutaneously.
18. The method according to claim 8, wherein said IL-1 mutein is administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.
19. The method according to claim 8, wherein said subject is a vertebrate.
20. The method according to claim 8, wherein said subject is human.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An apparatus for producing an aerated confectionary mass, the apparatus comprising:
a supply for a raw confectionery mass;
an aeration unit comprising a stator and a rotor wherein gas is incorporated into the confectionery mass within a space between the stator and the rotor;
a feed pump for feeding the confectionery mass to the aeration unit at a feed rate, wherein the feed rate of the feed pump results in a dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit;
a control unit configured to control rotational speed of the rotor in the aeration unit in response to the feed rate of the feed pump, wherein the control unit is configured to increase the rotational speed of the rotor in response to an increased feed rate and shortened dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit; and
means for controlling temperature of the confectionery mass during aeration in the aeration unit to keep the temperature substantially unchanged.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, the apparatus further comprising a depositor hopper with a level indicator configured to generate a signal indicating demand of the production line, wherein the aerated confectionery mass is dispensed from the aeration unit into the depositor hopper, and wherein the control unit is configured to control the feed rate of the feed pump according to the demand of the production line.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the production line comprises a pressurized manifold through which the confectionary mass is filled into molds of a molding line under pressure.
4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the rotor of the aeration unit is configured to stir and knead the confectionery mass containing the introduced gas, the rotational speed of the rotor being controlled by the control unit such that the rotational speed of the rotor is reduced for lower feed rates.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a back-pressure regulating valve arranged in an outlet line from the aeration unit, wherein the back-pressure generated by the valve is controlled by a control unit to enhance the back pressure for higher feed rates and to reduce the back pressure for lower feed rates.
6. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the rotor of the aeration unit is configured to stir and knead the confectionery mass containing the introduced gas, the rotational speed of the rotor being controlled by the control unit such that the rotational speed of the rotor is reduced for lower feed rates.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a back-pressure regulating valve arranged in an outlet line from the aeration unit, wherein the back-pressure generated by the valve is controlled by a control unit to enhance the back pressure for higher feed rates and to reduce the back pressure for lower feed rates.
8. An apparatus for producing an aerated confectionary mass, the apparatus comprising:
a supply for a raw confectionery mass;
an aeration unit comprising a stator and a rotor wherein gas is incorporated into the confectionery mass within a space between the stator and the rotor;
a feed pump for feeding the confectionery mass to the aeration unit at a feed rate, wherein the feed rate of the feed pump results in a dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit;
a measurer configured to measure an amount of aerated confectionery mass demanded by a production line;
a control unit configured to (1) control the feed rate of the feed pump according to demand of the production line, (2) control the rotational speed of the rotor according to the feed rate, and (3) control the cooling power to a cooling unit so that the temperature of the confectionery mass during aeration in the aeration unit is substantially unchanged;
wherein the control unit controls the rotational speed of the rotor and cooling power according to empirical tables, and wherein the control unit is configured to increase the rotational speed of the rotor in response to an increased feed rate and shortened dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, the apparatus further comprising a depositor hopper with a level indicator configured to generate a signal indicating the demand of the production line, wherein the aerated confectionery mass is dispensed from the aeration unit into the depositor hopper.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the production line comprises a pressurized manifold through which the confectionary mass is filled into molds of a molding line under pressure.
11. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the rotor of the aeration unit is configured to stir and knead the confectionery mass containing the introduced gas, the rotational speed of the rotor being controlled by a control unit such that the rotational speed of the rotor is reduced for lower feed rates.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a back-pressure regulating valve arranged in an outlet line from the aeration unit, wherein the back-pressure generated by the valve is controlled by a control unit to enhance the back pressure for higher feed rates and to reduce the back pressure for lower feed rates.
13. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the rotor of the aeration unit is configured to stir and knead the confectionery mass containing the introduced gas, the rotational speed of the rotor being controlled by a control unit such that the rotational speed of the rotor is reduced for lower feed rates.
14. The apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising a back-pressure regulating valve arranged in an outlet line from the aeration unit, wherein the back-pressure generated by the valve is controlled by a control unit to enhance the back pressure for higher feed rates and to reduce the back pressure for lower feed rates.
15. An apparatus for producing an aerated confectionary mass, the method comprising:
a supply for a raw confectionery mass;
an aeration unit;
a feed pump for feeding the confectionery mass to the aeration unit at a feed rate, wherein the feed rate of the feed pump results in a dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit;
a gas injector for injecting a gas into the aeration unit;
a rotor disposed within the aeration unit for kneading the confectionary mass and dispersing the gas throughout the confectionary mass in the form of gas bubbles;
a control unit configured to control (1) a feed rate of the feed pump according to a demand of a production line that is indicated downstream of the aeration unit, (2) a rotational speed of the rotor according to the feed rate, and (3) cooling power to a cooling unit according to rotational speed of the rotor; and
a level detector downstream of the aeration unit, the level detector configured to send a signal to the control unit indicating a demand of the production line, the control unit being configured to control the feed rate of the feed pump in response to the signal of the level detector;
wherein the control unit is programmed to adjust the feed rate, rotational speed of the rotor, and cooling power to meet the demand of the production line while maintaining the size of all of the gas bubbles below about 50 \u03bcm, and
wherein the control unit is configured to increase the rotational speed of the rotor in response to an increased feed rate and shortened dwell time of the confectionery mass in the aeration unit.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the control unit enhances rotational speed of the rotor in response to increases in demand and feed rate according to empirical tables and reduces rotational speed of the rotor in response to decreases in demand and feed rate according to empirical tables.
17. The apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising a back-pressure regulating valve arranged in an outlet line from the aeration unit, wherein the back-pressure generated by the valve is controlled by a control unit to enhance the back-pressure for higher feed rates and to reduce the back-pressure for lower feed rates.
18. The apparatus according to claim 15, the apparatus further comprising a depositor hopper downstream of the aeration unit, and the depositor hopper includes the level indicator.

1. A communication system comprising:
a communication control apparatus connected to a plurality of types of communication lines with different communication methods; and
a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses that are connected to the communication control apparatus and perform communications with external communication terminal apparatuses via the plurality of types of communication lines,
wherein the communication control apparatus includes:
identification information storage means for storing identification information for identifying a communication terminal apparatus of another party that is communicating with the communication terminal apparatus;
control means for performing control such that when the communication terminal apparatus is about to start particular communications using a communication line of a particular type and another communication terminal apparatus is already performing communications using the communication line of the particular type, then the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected and the particular communications are started; and
reconnection means for, when the communications are disconnected by the control means, reconnecting the disconnected communications using another communication line that is not being used for communication, based on the identification information stored in the storage means.
2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the communication control apparatus includes disconnection notification means for transmitting disconnection notification information indicating that the communications will be disconnected to the communication terminal apparatus that is performing the communications to be disconnected, when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes disconnection informing means for receiving the disconnection notification information from the disconnection notification means and informing the user of the contents of the disconnection notification information.
3. The communication system of claim 2, wherein the disconnection notification means transmits the disconnection notification information in the form of speech signals using the communication line.
4. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the communication control apparatus includes particular notification means for transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes particular informing means for receiving the particular notification information from the particular information means and informing the user of the contents of the particular notification information.
5. The communication system of claim 2, wherein the communication control apparatus includes particular notification means for transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes particular informing means for receiving the particular notification information from the particular information means and informing the user of the contents of the particular notification information.
6. The communication system of claim 3, wherein the communication control apparatus includes particular notification means for transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes particular informing means for receiving the particular notification information from the particular information means and informing the user of the contents of the particular notification information.
7. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
8. The communication system of claim 2, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
9. The communication system of claim 3, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
10. The communication system of claim 4, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
11. The communication system of claim 5, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
12. The communication system of claim 6, wherein the communication control apparatus includes predetermined operation storage means for storing an operation table in which a predetermined operation of the communication terminal apparatus, the communication control apparatus performing the predetermined operation and an operation number assigned to each predetermined operation are associated with each other, and
the communication terminal apparatus includes predetermined information notification means for notifying the control means of a predetermined information related to the operation number,
wherein when receiving the predetermined information notified from the predetermined information notification means, the control means refers to the operation table and instructs the communication terminal apparatus corresponding to the operation number to perform the predetermined operation.
13. A communication control apparatus constituting a communication system including the communication control apparatus connected to a plurality of types of communication lines with different communication methods and a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses that are connected to the communication control apparatus and perform communications with external communication terminal apparatuses via the plurality of types of communication lines, the communication control apparatus comprising:
identification information storage means for storing identification information for identifying a communication terminal apparatus of another party that is communicating with the communication terminal apparatus;
control means for performing control such that when the communication terminal apparatus is about to start particular communications using a communication line of a particular type and another communication terminal apparatus is already performing communications using the communication line of the particular type, then the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected and the particular communications are started; and
reconnection means for, when the communications are disconnected by the control means, reconnecting the disconnected communications using another communication line that is not being used for communication, based on the identification information stored in the storage means.
14. The communication control apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:
disconnection notification means for, when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, transmitting disconnection notification information indicating that the communications will be disconnected to the communication terminal apparatus that is performing the communications to be disconnected.
15. The communication control apparatus of claim 14, wherein the disconnection notification means transmits the disconnection notification information in the form of speech signals using the communication line.
16. The communication control apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:
particular notification means for, when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto.
17. The communication control apparatus of claim 14, further comprising:
particular notification means for, when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto.
18. The communication control apparatus of claim 15, further comprising:
particular notification means for, when the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected by the control means, transmitting particular notification information indicating that the particular communications will be performed to the other communication terminal apparatuses connected thereto.
19. A communication system comprising:
a communication control apparatus connected to a communication line that can perform communications simultaneously using a plurality of types of communication methods; and
a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses that are connected to the communication control apparatus and perform communications with external communication terminal apparatuses via the communication line,
wherein the communication control apparatus includes:
identification information storage means for storing identification information for identifying a communication terminal apparatus of the other party that is communicating with the communication terminal apparatus;
control means for performing control such that when the communication terminal apparatus is about to start particular communications using a particular communication method and another communication terminal apparatus is already performing communications using the particular communication method, then the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected and the particular communications are started; and
reconnection means for, when the communications are disconnected by the control means, reconnecting the disconnected communications using a communication method other than the particular communication method, based on the identification information stored in the storage means.
20. A communication system comprising:
a gateway apparatus connected to an analog communication line and a digital communication line; and
a plurality of telephone apparatuses that are connected to the gateway apparatus and perform communications with external telephone apparatuses via the analog and digital communication lines,
wherein the gateway apparatus includes:
identification information storage means for storing identification information for identifying a telephone apparatus of the other party that is communicating with the telephone apparatus;
communication control means for controlling such that when the telephone apparatus is about to start particular communications using the analog communication line and another telephone apparatus is already performing communications using the analog communication line, then the communications that are currently being performed are disconnected and the particular communications are started; and
reconnection means for, when the communications are disconnected by the communication control means, reconnecting the disconnected communications using the digital communication line, based on the identification information stored in the storage means.
21. The communication system of claim 20, wherein the gateway apparatus and one of the telephone apparatuses are integrated to form one unit.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A computer-related method of information extraction from a Web page using a broken wrapper, comprising:
wherein a wrapper comprises a set of rules for extracting information from HTML context of strings and for assigning labels from a wrapper set of labels to the extracted information;
wherein a broken wrapper comprises a wrapper in which HTML context of at least one string cannot be used to classify the at least one string;
extracting strings from the Web page parsed in a forward direction using the broken wrapper;
for each extracted string t:
analyzing the extracted string t according to a set of rules for assigning labels associated with the broken wrapper;
if a matching rule with a label lw exists for the extracted string t, validating the label lw with a content classifier C, which classifies the extracted string t based on content features of the labeled extracted string; and
if the classifier C validates the label lw for extracted string t within some threshold value, then assigning label lw, to extracted string t, else not assigning lw to t.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: for each unlabeled string t,
applying the content classifier C to suggest a probable label lc with an accuracy of acc; and
assigning the label lc to unlabeled string t if the accuracy acc of lc is within some recovery value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the recovery value is greater than the threshold value.