Author: claimsbot

We claim:

1. A compound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof
53
in which
X1 is a divalent unit selected from the group consisting of O, S(O)n, NH and NR2;
X2 is a straight-chain or branched (C1-C6)-alkylene, (C2-C6)-alkenylene or (C2-C6)-alkynylene chain which is substituted by w radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano and nitro and by v radicals R2;
X3 is oxygen or sulfur;
R1a, R1b, R1c independently of one another are hydrogen, mercapto, nitro, halogen, cyano, thiocyanato, (C1-C6)-alkylCOO, (C1-C6)-alkylS(O)nO, (C1-C6)-alkylS(O)n, di-(C1-C6)-alkylNHSO2, (C1-C6)-alkylSO2NH, (C1-C6)-alkylNHCO, (C1-C6)-alkyl-SO2-(C1-C6)-alkylamino, (C1-C6)-alkylCO(C1-C6)-alkylamino, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, (C1-C6)-alkylCH2, (C1-C6)-alkylS(O)nCH2, (C1-C6)-alkylNHCH2, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-CH2, or are (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p, (C2-C6)-alkenyl-(D)p, (C2-C6)-alkynyl-(D)p, (C3-C9)-cycloalkyl-(D)p, (C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl-(D)p, (C1-C6)-alkyl-cycloalkyl-(D)p, (C1-C6)-alkyl-cycloalkenyl-(D)p, each of which is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and halogen;
D is oxygen or sulfur;
R2, R3 independently of one another are hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl, (C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, straight-chain or branched OC(R )2w-OC(R6)2x-R6, (C1-C6)-alkylaryl, (C2-C6)-alkenylaryl, (C2-C6)-alkynylaryl, straight-chain or branched OC(R6)2w-OC(R6)2x-aryl, the abovementioned carbon-containing radicals being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and halogen, aryl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, each of which is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p, or
R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a 5- or 6-membered, saturated, partially or fully unsaturated ring comprising m hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, the 5- or 6-membered ring optionally being benzo-fused to a phenyl ring and being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and the fused phenyl ring being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and halogen;
R4 is OR7, (C1-C4)-alkylthio, halo-(C1-C4)-alkylthio, (C2-C4)-alkenylthio, halo-(C2-C4)-alkenylthio, (C2-C4)-alkynylthio, halo-(C2-C4)-alkynylthio, (C1-C4)-alkylsulfinyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkylsulfinyl, (C2-C4)-alkenylsulfinyl, halo-(C2-C4)-alkenylsulfinyl, (C2-C4)-alkynylsulfinyl, halo-(C2-C4)-alkynylsulfinyl, (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, (C2-C4)-alkenylsulfonyl, halo-(C2-C4)-alkenylsulfonyl, (C2-C4)-alkynylsulfonyl, halo-(C2-C4)-alkynylsulfonyl, halogen, cyano, cyanato, thiocyanato or phenylthio;
R5 is hydrogen, tetrahydropyran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl, (C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C8)-cycloalkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, (C1-C4)-alkoxy-(C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl, (C1-C4)-alkylthio, phenyl, the eight last-mentioned groups being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C1-C4)-alkylthio and (C1-C4)-alkoxy, or two radicals R5 bonded to a joint carbon atom form a chain selected from the group consisting of OCH2CH2O, OCH2CH2CH2O, SCH2CH2S and SCH2CH2CH2S, this chain being substituted by w methylene groups, or two radicals R5 bonded to directly adjacent carbon atoms, together with the carbon atoms bearing them, form a 3- to 6-membered ring which is substituted by w radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, (C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)-alkylthio and (C1-C4)-alkoxy;
R6 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro, (C1-C4)-alkyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkyl;
R7 is hydrogen, (C1-C4)-alkyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy-(C1-C4)-alkyl, formyl, (C1-C4)-alkylcarbonyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxycarbonyl, (C1-C4)-alkylaminocarbonyl, di-(C1-C4)-alkylaminocarbonyl, (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, phenyl, benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl, the three last-mentioned groups being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of (C1-C4)-alkyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, halo-(C1-C4)-alkoxy, halogen, cyano and nitro;
Y is a divalent unit selected from the group consisting of O, S, NH, N(C1-C6)-alkyl, CHR5 and C(R5)2;
Z is a direct bond or a divalent unit selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, SO2, NH, N-alkyl, CHR6 or C(R6)2;
m and n in each case independently of one another are 0, 1 or 2;
p is independently 0 or 1;
v is independently 0, 1, 2 or 3;
w and x in each case independently of one another are 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that w and x are not simultaneously zero.
2. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which R2, R3 independently of one another are hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl, (C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkenyl, straight-chain or branched OC(R6)2w-OC(R6)2x-R6, the 12 last-mentioned radicals being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and halogen, aryl which is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p or
R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a 5- or 6-membered, saturated, partially or fully unsaturated ring comprising m hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, which ring is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p;
R7 is hydrogen, (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, halo-(C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, phenyl, benzoyl or phenylsulfonyl, the three last-mentioned groups being substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of (C1-C2)-alkyl, halo-(C1-C2)-alkyl, (C1-C2)-alkoxy, halo-(C1-C2)-alkoxy, halogen, cyano and nitro;
Y is a divalent unit selected from the group consisting of O, NH, N(C1-C6)-alkyl, CHR5 and C(R5)2, and
Z is a divalent unit selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO2, (C1-C6)-alkyl, CHR6 or C(R6)2.
3. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which X3 isoxygen,
R1c is hydrogen, and
R6 is hydrogen, (C1-C4)-alkyl or halo-(C1-C4)-alkyl.
4. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which
X1 is oxygen;
R1a and R1b are in each case bromine, chlorine, fluorine, methyl, methylthio, methoxy, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl or trifluoromethyl, and
R2, R3 independently of one another are hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl, (C2-C6)-alkynyl, (C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(C3-C9)-cycloalkyl, straight-chain or branched OC(R6)2w-OC(R6)-2x-R6, where the 6 last-mentioned radicals are substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro and halogen, are aryl which is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p, or
R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a 5- or 6-membered, saturated, partially or fully unsaturated ring comprising m hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and nitrogen, which ring is substituted by v radicals selected from the group consisting of cyano, nitro, halogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p and halo-(C1-C6)-alkyl-(D)p.
5. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which
R4 is OR7, (C1-C4)-alkylthio, (C2-C4)-alkenylthio, (C1-C4)-alkylsulfonyl, halogen, cyano, cyanato, thiocyanato or phenylthio and
R5 is hydrogen, (C1-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C8)-cycloalkyl, (C1-C4)-alkoxy, (C1-C4)-alkylthio, phenyl, or two radicals R5 bonded to directly adjacent carbon atoms together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded form a substituted 3- to 6-membered ring.
6. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which the substituent R1a is in the 2-position of the substituent R1b in the 4-position of the phenyl ring.
7. A compound as claimed in claim 1, in which
R4 is OR7;
D is oxygen;
Y and Z are the group CH2, and
v and w are in each case independently of one another 0, 1 or 2.
8. A compound as claimed in claim 1, which are not in salt form.
9. A herbicidal composition which comprises a herbicidally active content of at least one compound of the formula (I) as claimed in claim 1.
10. A herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 9 as a mixture with formulation auxiliaries.
11. A method of controlling undesired plants, which comprises applying an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula (I) as claimed in claim 1 or of a herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 9 or 10 to the plants or to the site with undesired vegetation.
12. The use of a compound of the formula (I) as claimed in claim 1 or of a herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 9 or 10 for controlling undesired plants.
13. The use as claimed in claim 12, wherein the compounds of the formula (I) are employed for controlling undesired plants in crops of useful plants.
14. The use as claimed in claim 13, wherein the useful plants are transgenic useful plants.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for remanufacturing cores into remanufactured items, comprising the steps of:
providing a total price for the remanufactured items, the total price including at least a refundable core deposit and a remanufactured item price, the core deposit being paid with the total price to secure return of cores for remanufacture;
having a plurality of remanufacturer liabilities associated with different deposits paid to secure return of cores at the time of sale of remanufactured items;
storing, in a memory device, data reflecting an earlier core liability and a later core liability, the earlier core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of earlier-sold one of the remanufactured items, the later core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of a later-sold one of the remanufactured items;
receiving a core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item;
inspecting the core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item;
determining an amount of credit available for returning the core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, the amount being based upon the inspection;
updating the data stored on the memory device by applying the credit for the core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item against the earlier core liability, irrespective of the core deposit for the later-sold remanufactured item having been paid after the sale of the earlier-sold remanufactured item;
establishing an entitlement in the amount of each deposit paid to secure return of a core and having a date identifier; and
canceling the entitlement after return of core where the entitlement is the oldest available entitlement associated with the returned core;
where the step of selecting the liability is based upon an association of the liability and the entitlement.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the amount of core credit is from a choice of one of full credit equal to the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item partial credit less than the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, and zero credit.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: establishing a core liability and a corresponding attrition date for a sale of a selected one of the remanufactured items, the attrition date being after a date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold; and
eliminating the core liability for the selected remanufactured item on the attrition date when a core has not been returned for the selected remanufactured item by the attrition date.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: establishing a partial credit date associated with the sale of the selected remanufactured item, the partial credit date being after the date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold and before the attrition date; and
limiting the core liability for the selected remanufactured item to a value less than the corresponding core deposit if the core is returned on or after the partial credit date and before the attrition date.
5. A computer-readable memory device comprising instructions for causing a computer to implement steps in a method for remanufacturing cores into remanufactured items, the method comprising:
storing data reflecting an earlier core liability and a later core liability, the earlier core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of an earlier-sold one of the remanufactured items, the later core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of a later-sold one of the remanufactured items;
receiving an indication that a core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item has been received;
updating the data by applying the credit for the core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item against the earlier core liability, irrespective of the core deposit for the later-sold remanufactured item having been paid after the sale of the earlier-sold remanufactured item,
wherein the core deposit for the earlier-sold remanufactured item and the core deposit for the later-sold remanufactured item are a refundable part of a total price for the remanufactured items paid to secure return of cores for remanufacture;

storing data reflecting an earlier entitlement corresponding to the earlier core liability having an amount equal to the core deposit paid with the total price of the earlier-sold core; and
canceling the earlier entitlement after return of the core associated with the later-sold remanufactured item.
6. The computer-readable memory device of claim 5, wherein the applied core credit is one of full credit equal to the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, partial credit less than the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, and zero credit.
7. The computer-readable memory device of claim 5, the method further comprising:
establishing a core liability and a corresponding attrition date for a sale of a selected one of the remanufactured items, the attrition date being after a date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold; and
eliminating the core liability for the selected remanufactured item on the attrition date when an indication is received that core has not been returned for the selected remanufactured item by the attrition date.
8. The computer-readable memory device of claim 7, the method further comprising:
establishing a partial credit date associated with the sale of the selected remanufactured item, the partial credit date being after the date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold and before the attrition date; and
limiting the core liability for the selected remanufactured item to a value less than the corresponding core deposit if the core is returned on or after the partial credit date and before the attrition date.
9. A computer configured to implement steps in a method for remanufacturing cores into remanufactured items, the computer comprising:
means for storing data reflecting an earlier core liability and a later core liability, the earlier core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of an earlier-sold one of the remanufactured items, the later core liability corresponding to a core deposit paid upon sale of a later-sold one of the remanufactured items;

means for receiving an indication that a core associated with the sale of the later sold remanufactured item has been received; and
means for updating the data by applying the credit for the core associated with the sale of the later-sold remanufactured item against the earlier core liability, irrespective of the core deposit for the later-sold remanufactured item having been paid after the sale of the earlier-sold remanufactured item; and

a processor for implementing at least the means for updating the data,
wherein the core deposit for the earlier-sold remanufactured item and the core deposit for the later-sold remanufactured item are a refundable part of a total price for the remanufactured items paid to secure return of cores for remanufacture.
10. The computer of claim 9, wherein the applied core credit is one of full credit equal to the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, partial credit less than the core deposit paid upon sale of the later-sold remanufactured item, and zero credit.
11. The computer of claim 9, further comprising:
means for storing data reflecting an earlier entitlement corresponding to the earlier core liability having an amount equal to the core deposit paid with the total price of the earlier-sold core; and
means for canceling the earlier entitlement after return of the core associated with the later-sold remanufactured item.
12. The computer of claim 9, further comprising:
means for establishing a core liability and a corresponding attrition date for a sale of a selected one of the remanufactured items, the attrition date being after a date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold; and
means for eliminating the core liability for the selected remanufactured item on the attrition date when an indication is received that core has not been returned for the selected remanufactured item by the attrition date.
13. The computer of claim 12, further comprising:
means for establishing a partial credit date associated with the sale of the selected remanufactured item, the partial credit date being after the date on which the selected remanufactured item is sold and before the attrition date; and
means for limiting the core liability for the selected remanufactured item to a value less than the corresponding core deposit if the core is returned on or after the partial credit date and before the attrition date.

1. A method of reducing the amount of computer memory utilised in calculating a formula on a collection of series of data values, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) for each data value member of a first one of said collection, determining a window around a current data value member of data values required to calculate said formula;
(b) utilising said window to determine data values to be stored in computer memory when calculating the formula when applied to other series of data values in said collection.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said step (b) comprises, for members within a series of data values,
(a) for a first one of said members, utilising said window to determine a first initial set of data values in the series to be stored in a portion of computer memory; and
(b) for subsequent current members, loading the data values into the same portion of computer memory over locations over previously loaded data values.
3. In a computer system with a primary memory store, a method of carrying out a formula calculation on a series of data values, the calculation being carried out using members of the series with the calculation for a current member of the series being dependant on other data values located relative to the current member of the series, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) for a given current member of said series, determining from the formula a relative series of consecutive data values required for determining said formula for said current member;
(b) for each current member of said series of consecutive data values:
(i) ensuring a corresponding relative series of consecutive data values to said current member are currently loaded into said first primary memory store;
(ii) performing said formula calculation to determine a current output value.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein said step (b) comprises:
for a first one of said current members, loading into said first primary memory store and initial corresponding relative series of consecutive data values; and
for subsequent current members, loading only new members of said corresponding relative series into said primary memory store.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein said series of consecutive data values are arranged in a column.
6. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein said method is applied to multiple groups of consecutive data values using a different formula for each group.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6 wherein new values are loaded into said primary store at an address determined by a modified modulo arithmetic operator which produces positive address values only.
8. A method of reducing the amount of computer memory required to be utilised in the calculation of a formula applied to a collection of series of data values, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) for a first member of said collection:
determining a minimum window of data values required for storage in computer memory for the calculation of said formula when applied to said first series;

(b) for subsequent members of said collection:
utilizing the minimum window to determine data values of a series that need to be loaded into said computer memory for calculation of said forumla.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8 wherein said step (b) further comprises, moving the series of data values through a fixed portion of computer memory, and utilising the data values whilst in computer memory to calculate said formula.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9 wherein said step (a) further comprises:
calculating said formula on an initial data set to determine a minimum window size, the determination being by the steps of providing an initial current window around a current data value to be calculated; determining in accordance with the formula, other data values required, and if the other data values are below the current window then: sliding the window down or making the sliding window bigger to encompass the other data values, including if the present sliding direction is to slide up, then making the window bigger to encompass the data values, and if the window becomes large enough to encompass the data values, setting the sliding direction to be undefined; if the present direction is sliding up then sliding down by dropping previously calculated values from the top of the current window, provided no value that is busy being calculated may be dropped off; upon completion of the calculation of the formula, determining a final required window size; subsequently, for each of the other data sets in the series, utilising the final window size to calculate the formula for each data set, moving through the data set element by element storing values in the current window within primary memory.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for measuring the rate of fluid flow in a flow passage, comprising the steps of:
providing a molded body formed at least partially around a leadframe assembly and having a flow passage therethrough;
measuring a first pressure of the fluid in a first channel within the flow passage;
altering the flow in a second channel within the flow passage;
measuring a second pressure of the fluid in the second channel;
determining the rate of fluid flow based on the first pressure and the second pressure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein altering the flow includes providing a region within the second channel having a reduced diameter.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein altering the flow includes providing a venturi region.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining step includes using an integrated circuit to determine the rate of fluid flow.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the measuring steps include measuring an absolute pressure of the fluid.
6. A method for measuring flow, comprising the steps of:
providing a molded body at least partially around a leadframe assembly including a leadframe and an integrated circuit device bonded thereto, such that the molded body has first and second cavities provided through a first surface thereof, providing first and second pressure sensors within the first and second cavities, respectively, and coupling the first and second pressure sensors to the integrated circuit device; and
providing a cover member coupled at a second surface thereof to the first surface of the molded body, the cover member including a flow passage having an inlet, an outlet, and first and second apertures through an upstream portion and a downstream portion of the flow passage for permitting fluid communication with the first and second pressure sensors, respectively;
providing a flow restricting element disposed between the inlet and the outlet;
measuring, using the first pressure sensor, a first pressure of the fluid in the first cavity;
measuring, using the second pressure sensor, a second pressure of the fluid in the second cavity; and
determining, using the integrated circuit, the rate of fluid flow based on the first pressure and the second pressure.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein providing a flow restricting element includes providing an element having a reduced diameter relative to the first and second apertures.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein providing a flow restricting element includes providing a venturi element.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the measuring steps include measuring an absolute pressure of the fluid.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein said first surface includes a skirt portion configured to extend around the perimeter of said second surface when said cover member is fixedly coupled to said leadframe body.