Author: claimsbot

1. An eyepiece lens comprising: in order from an eye point side,
a negative meniscus lens having a concave surface facing to the eye point side;
a double convex lens; and
a negative lens,
diopter of the eyepiece lens being adjusted by moving the double convex lens along an optical axis,
at least one surface of the double convex lens having an aspherical surface with positive refractive power getting weaker in accordance with increase a distance to the surface from the optical axis, and
the following conditional expressions being satisfied:
0.22<d2f2<0.32

\u22124.2<S1<\u22122.6

0.2<S2<0.35

\u22121.2<S3<\u22120.3

where d2 denotes the thickness of the negative meniscus lens along the optical axis, f2 denotes the focal length of the double convex lens, S1 denotes a shape factor of the negative meniscus lens, S2 denotes a shape factor of the double convex lens, S3 denotes a shape factor of the negative lens, and each shape factor is expressed by the following expression:
S=(re+rs)(re\u2212rs)

where re denotes a radius of curvature of the eye point side surface and rs denotes a radius of curvature of the object side surface, and when the surface is an aspherical surface, a paraxial radius of curvature is used for the calculation.
2. The eyepiece lens according to claim 1, wherein the double convex lens is constructed by a resin material and the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
1.5<n2<1.55

52<\u03bd2<60
where n2 denotes refractive index of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm) and \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
3. The eyepiece lens according to claim 2, wherein the following conditional expression is satisfied:
0.28<d4f2<0.36

where d4 denotes a thickness of the double convex lens along the optical axis.
4. The eyepiece lens according to claim 1, wherein the following conditional expression is satisfied:
0.28<d4f2<0.36
where d4 denotes a thickness of the double convex lens along the optical axis.
5. The eyepiece lens according to claim 1, wherein the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
\u221222<\u03bd1\u2212\u03bd2<\u22126

30<\u03bd2\u2212\u03bd3<35

where \u03bd1 denotes Abbe number of the negative meniscus lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), and \u03bd3 denotes Abbe number of the negative lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
6. An eyepiece lens comprising: in order from an eye point side,
a negative meniscus lens having a concave surface facing to the eye point side;
a double convex lens; and
a negative lens,
diopter of the eyepiece lens being adjusted by moving the double convex lens along an optical axis,
the double convex lens being constructed by a resin material,
at least one surface of the double convex lens having an aspherical surface with positive refractive power getting weaker in accordance with increase in a distance to the surface from the optical axis, and
the following conditional expressions being satisfied:
1.5<n2<1.55

52<\u03bd2<60

0.28<d4f2<0.36

where n2 denotes refractive index of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), d4 denotes a thickness of the double convex lens along the optical axis, and f2 denotes the focal length of the double convex lens.
7. The eyepiece lens according to claim 6, wherein the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
0.22<d2f2<0.32

\u22124.2<S1<\u22122.6

where d2 denotes the thickness of the negative meniscus lens along the optical axis, S1 denotes a shape factor of the negative meniscus lens, and each shape factor is expressed by the following expression:
S=(re+rs)(re\u2212rs)
where re denotes a radius of curvature of the eye point side surface and rs denotes a radius of curvature of the object side surface, and when the surface is an aspherical surface, a paraxial radius of curvature is used for the calculation.
8. The eyepiece lens according to claim 7, wherein the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
\u221222<\u03bd1\u2212\u03bd2<\u22126

30<\u03bb2\u2212\u03bd3<35
where \u03bd1 denotes Abbe number of the negative meniscus lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), and \u03bd3 denotes Abbe number of the negative lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
9. The eyepiece lens according to claim 6, wherein the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
\u221222<\u03bb1\u2212\u03bd2<\u22126

30<\u03bb2\u2212\u03bd3<35
where \u03bd1 denotes Abbe number of the negative meniscus lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm), and \u03bd3 denotes Abbe number of the negative lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
10. An eyepiece lens comprising: in order from an eye point side,
a negative meniscus lens having a concave surface facing to the eye point side;
a double convex lens; and
a negative lens,
diopter of the eyepiece lens being adjusted by moving the double convex lens along an optical axis,
a prism being disposed adjacent to the object side of the negative lens, and
the following conditional expressions being satisfied:
1.6<n4<1.85

25<\u03bb4<50

where n4 denotes refractive index of the prism at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm) and \u03bd4 denotes Abbe number of the prism at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
11. The eyepiece lens according to claim 10, wherein the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
0.22<d2f2<0.32

\u22124.2<S1<\u22122.6

0.2<S2<0.35

\u22121.2<S3<\u22120.3
where d2 denotes the thickness of the negative meniscus lens along the optical axis, f2 denotes the focal length of the double convex lens, S1 denotes a shape factor of the negative meniscus lens, S2 denotes a shape factor of the double convex lens, S3 denotes a shape factor of the negative lens, and each shape factor is expressed by the following expression:
S=(re+rs)(re\u2212rs)

where re denotes a radius of curvature of the eye point side surface and rs denotes a radius of curvature of the object side surface, and when the surface is an aspherical surface, a paraxial radius of curvature is used for the calculation.
12. The eyepiece lens according to claim 11, wherein the double convex lens is constructed by a resin material and the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
1.5<n2<1.55

52<\u03bb2<60
where n2 denotes refractive index of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm) and \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).
13. The eyepiece lens according to claim 10, wherein the double convex lens is constructed by a resin material and the following conditional expressions are satisfied:
1.5<n2<1.55

52<\u03bb2<60
where n2 denotes refractive index of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm) and \u03bd2 denotes Abbe number of the double convex lens at d-line (wavelength \u03bb=587.6 nm).

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A developing device comprising:
a frame;
a developing roller rotatable about an axis that defines an axial direction, and having a peripheral surface on which a layer of developing agent is configured to be formed, the developing roller having axial end portions;
a blade unit extending in the axial direction and in contact with the peripheral surface of the developing roller, the blade unit being configured to regulate a thickness of the layer of the developing agent on the peripheral surface of the developing roller, the blade unit having end portions in the axial direction;
a first seal member configured to seal a boundary between the frame and the axial end portions, the first seal member having an inner edge in the axial direction; and
a second seal member extending in the axial direction and configured to seal a boundary between the frame and the blade unit,
wherein the frame comprises a fixing portion to which the end portions of the blade unit are fixed, the fixing portion having a support surface facing the developing roller, the support surface having a boss formed with a thread hole into which a screw for fixing the blade unit to the fixing portion is inserted, and the support surface having an outer edge and an inner edge in the axial direction, the outer edge of the support surface being positioned outward of the inner edge of the first seal member in the axial direction, and the inner edge of the support surface and at least a part of the boss being positioned inward of the inner edge of the first seal member in the axial direction,
wherein the blade unit comprises:
a blade body in contact with the developing roller; and
a blade holder positioned opposite to the developing roller with respect to the blade body, the blade holder comprising:
a blade support section in contact with the blade body, and
an attachment section formed with a through hole in which the boss is positioned, the attachment section protruding from the blade support section in a direction away from the developing roller,
wherein the frame has an attachment surface to which the second seal member is attached, the attachment surface being positioned inward of the support surface in the axial direction, the support surface protruding closer to the developing roller than the attachment surface is to the developing roller, and
wherein the inner edge of the support surface is positioned between the boss and the first seal member in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction and in parallel to the support surface, the inner edge of the support surface contacting the blade support section.
2. The developing device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a supply roller extending in the axial direction in parallel to the developing roller, the supply roller being configured to supply developing agent to the developing roller, the supply roller having an axial end surface in the axial direction, and the inner edge of the support surface being positioned outward of the axial end surface of the supply roller in the axial direction.
3. The developing device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a film extending in the axial direction and having a base end portion fixed to the frame and a free end portion in sliding contact with the peripheral surface of the developing roller, the film being positioned upstream of the blade unit in a rotational direction of the developing roller, and the film having a longitudinal end in the axial direction, and
wherein the frame is formed with an opening at which the developing roller and the film are provided, the inner edge of the support surface being positioned inward of the longitudinal end of the film.
4. The developing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade unit comprises:
a first plate like member in contact with the peripheral surface of the developing roller, and
a second plate like member holding the first plate like member and extending in the axial direction and having a longitudinal end portion in the axial direction, the longitudinal end portion of the second plate like member being positioned to superpose with the support surface when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the support surface.
5. The developing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first plate like member has a contact portion in contact with the peripheral surface of the developing roller, the support surface has an edge line inclined in a direction gradually away from the contact portion toward the inner edge of the support surface.
6. The developing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first plate like member is made from a stainless steel.
7. The developing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the developing roller is configured to provide an image forming region, the support surface being positioned outside of the image forming region in the axial direction.
8. The developing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing portion comprises a thread fixing portion provided at the support surface, the blade unit being fixed to the thread fixing portion.
9. The developing device as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the second seal member has an outer edge in the axial direction, and
wherein the inner edge of the support surface is positioned inward of the outer edge of the second seal member in the axial direction.

1. A system for controlling a remotely located electrical device comprising:
(a) a transmitter suitable to receive a first signal at a first voltage indicating the desired state of said electrical device and in response thereto provide an optical signal;
(b) an enclosure including a first device that selectively provides electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical device is exterior to said enclosure, wherein said electrical power is approximately 120 volts or more;
(c) a receiver suitable to receive said optical signal and in response thereto selectively provide a second signal at a second voltage to said first device to provide said electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said transmitter and said receiver are maintained in a fixed relationship with respect to one another, wherein said transmitter is supported by said enclosure, wherein said transmitter is not located in said enclosure and
(d) wherein said optical signal passes from outside said enclosure to within said enclosure.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said transmitter is located outside said enclosure.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein said receiver is located within said enclosure.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said first signal is less than approximately 24 volts.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the voltage of said first signal is less than the voltage of said second signal.
6. The system of claim 5 wherein the voltage of said first signal is approximately 24 volts and said second signal is approximately 120 volts.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein said transmitter and said receiver are free from including a mechanical switching mechanism.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the optical path of said optical signal is free from receiving additional light from a source other than said transmitter.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein said optical signal is infra-red.
10. The system of claim 1 wherein said optical signal is at least one of modulated, includes a carrier signal, has different frequencies, pulsed.
11. The system of claim 1 wherein said optical signal is provided to a plurality of said receivers.
12. The system of claim 11 wherein each of said receivers is associated with a different electrical device to which power is selectively provided.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein each of said receivers determines if said optical signal is intended for its associated electrical device.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein said receiver is electrically connected to said first device in a manner free from a wire between a connector of said receiver and a connector of said first device.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein said receiver includes a line conductor, a load conductor, and is free from including a neutral conductor.
16. The system of claim 1 wherein said transmitter is proximate said enclosure.
17. The system of claim 16 wherein said receiver is proximate said enclosure.
18. A method for controlling a remotely located electrical device comprising:
(a) providing an enclosure including a first device that selectively provides electrical power to said electrical device;
(b) a transmitter receiving a first signal at a first voltage indicating the desired state of said electrical device and in response thereto providing an optical signal, wherein said electrical device is exterior to said enclosure;
(c) a receiver receiving said optical signal and in response thereto provides a signal at a second voltage to cause said first device to selectively provide said electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical power is approximately 120 volts or more, wherein said transmitter and said receiver are maintained in a fixed relationship with respect to one another, wherein said transmitter is supported by said enclosure, wherein said transmitter is not located in said enclosure and said receiver is located in said enclosure; and
(d) wherein said optical signal passes from outside said enclosure to within said enclosure.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein said transmitter is located outside said enclosure.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein said receiver is located within said enclosure.
21. The system of claim 18 wherein said first signal is less than approximately 24 volts.
22. The method of claim 18 wherein the voltage of said first signal is less than the voltage of said second signal.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the voltage of said first signal is approximately 24 volts and said second signal is approximately 120 volts.
24. The method of claim 22 wherein said transmitter and said receiver are free from including a mechanical switching mechanism.
25. The method of claim 18 wherein the optical path of said optical signal is free from receiving additional light from a source other than said transmitter.
26. The method of claim 18 wherein said optical signal is infra-red.
27. The method of claim 18 wherein said optical signal is at least one of modulated, includes a carrier signal, has different frequencies, pulsed.
28. The method of claim 18 wherein said optical signal is provided to a plurality of said receivers.
29. The method of claim 28 wherein each of said receivers is associated with a different electrical device to which power is selectively provided.
30. The method of claim 29 wherein each of said receivers determines if said optical signal is intended for its associated electrical device.
31. The method of claim 18 wherein said receiver includes a line conductor, a load conductor, and is free from including a neutral conductor.
32. The method of claim 18 wherein said transmitter is proximate said enclosure.
33. The method of claim 32 wherein said receiver is proximate said enclosure.
34. A system for controlling a remotely located electrical device comprising:
(a) a transmitter suitable to receive a first signal having a first voltage indicating the desired state of said electrical device and in response thereto provide an optical signal;
(b) an enclosure including a first device that selectively provides electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical device is exterior to said enclosure;
(c) a receiver suitable to receive said optical signal and in response thereto selectively provide a second signal at a second voltage to said first device to provide said electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical power is approximately 120 volts or more, wherein said transmitter and said receiver are maintained in a fixed relationship with respect to one another, wherein said transmitter is supported by said enclosure, wherein said transmitter is not located in said enclosure and is spaced apart from said receiver by a portion of said enclosure; and
(d) wherein said optical signal passes though at least a portion of the wall of said enclosure.
35. The system of claim 34 wherein said optical signal passes from outside said enclosure to within said enclosure.
36. The system of claim 34 wherein said transmitter is located outside said enclosure.
37. The system of claim 34 wherein said receiver is located within said enclosure.
38. The system of claim 34 wherein said first signal is less than approximately 24 volts.
39. The system of claim 34 wherein the voltage of said first signal is less than the voltage of said second signal.
40. The system of claim 39 wherein the voltage of said first signal is approximately 24 volts and said second signal is approximately 120 volts.
41. The system of claim 34 wherein said transmitter and said receiver are free from including a mechanical switching mechanism.
42. The system of claim 34 wherein the optical path of said optical signal is free from receiving additional light from a source other than said transmitter.
43. The system of claim 34 wherein said optical signal is infra-red.
44. The system of claim 34 wherein said optical signal is at least one of modulated, includes a carrier signal, has different frequencies, pulsed.
45. The system of claim 34 wherein said optical signal is provided to a plurality of said receivers.
46. The system of claim 45 wherein each of said receivers is associated with a different electrical device to which power is selectively provided.
47. The system of claim 46 wherein each of said receivers determines if said optical signal is intended for its associated electrical device.
48. The system of claim 34 wherein said receiver is electrically connected to said first device in a manner free from a wire between a connector of said receiver and a connector of said first device.
49. The system of claim 48 wherein said transmitter is located outside said enclosure.
50. The system of claim 48 wherein said receiver is located within said enclosure.
51. The system of claim 48 wherein said first signal is less than approximately 24 volts.
52. The system of claim 48 wherein the voltage of said first signal is less than the voltage of said second signal.
53. The system of claim 52 wherein the voltage of said first signal is approximately 24 volts and said second signal is approximately 120 volts.
54. The system of claim 48 wherein said transmitter and said receiver are free from including a mechanical switching mechanism.
55. The system of claim 48 wherein the optical path of said optical signal is free from receiving additional light from a source other than said transmitter.
56. The system of claim 48 wherein said optical signal is infra-red.
57. The system of claim 48 wherein said optical signal is at least one of modulated, includes a carrier signal, has different frequencies, pulsed.
58. The system of claim 48 wherein said optical signal is provided to a plurality of said receivers.
59. The system of claim 58 wherein each of said receivers is associated with a different electrical device to which power is selectively provided.
60. The system of claim 59 wherein each of said receivers determines if said optical signal is intended for its associated electrical device.
61. The system of claim 48 wherein said receiver includes a line conductor, a load conductor, and is free from including a neutral conductor.
62. The system of claim 48 wherein said transmitter is proximate said enclosure.
63. The system of claim 62 wherein said receiver is proximate said enclosure.
64. The system of claim 34 wherein said receiver includes a line conductor, a load conductor, and is free from including a neutral conductor.
65. The system of claim 34 wherein said transmitter is proximate said enclosure.
66. The system of claim 65 wherein said receiver is proximate said enclosure.
67. A system for controlling a remotely located electrical device comprising:
(a) a transmitter suitable to receive a first signal at a first voltage indicating the desired state of said electrical device and in response thereto provide an optical signal;
(b) an enclosure including a first device that selectively provides electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical device is exterior to said enclosure;
(c) a receiver suitable to receive said optical signal and in response thereto selectively provide a second signal at a second voltage to said first device to provide said electrical power to said electrical device, wherein said electrical power is approximately 120 volts or more, wherein said transmitter and said receiver are maintained in a fixed relationship with respect to one another, wherein said transmitter is supported by said enclosure, wherein said receiver is located in said enclosure spaced apart from said transmitter by a portion of a wall of said enclosure; and
(d) wherein said optical signal electrically isolates said transmitter and said receiver.
68. The system of claim 67 wherein said optical signal passes from outside said enclosure to within said enclosure.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A magnetic head having a magnetoresistive film comprising an anti-ferromagnetic layer, a ferromagnetic -pinned layer, a non-magnetic intermediate layer, a soft magnetic free layer and an oxide layer of metal selected from Ta, Nb, Ti, Hf, W or an alloy thereof laminated in this order on a substrate.
2. A magnetic head as defined in claim 1, wherein the anti-ferromagnetic layer, the ferromagnetic pinned layer, the non-magnetic intermediate layer, and a non-magnetic and conductive film between the soft magnetic free layer and the oxide layer are laminated in this order on a substrate.
3. A magnetic head as defined in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 1.0 nm or less.
4. A magnetic head as defined in claim 1, wherein the interlayer coupling field showing the magnitude of the ferromagnetic coupling between the ferromagnetic pinned layer and the soft magnetic free layer is substantially zero.
5. A magnetic head as defined in claim 2, wherein the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 1.0 nm or less.
6. A magnetic head as defined in claim 5, wherein the interlayer coupling field showing the magnitude of the ferromagnetic coupling between the ferromagnetic pinned layer and the soft magnetic free layer is substantially zero.
7. A magnetic head as defined in claim 4, wherein the thickness of the metal oxide layer is 1.0 nm or less.
8. A magnetic recording apparatus including a magnetic recording medium for recording information, a magnetic head having a magnetoresistive film comprising an anti-ferromagnetic layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer, a non-magnetic intermediate layer, a soft magnetic free layer, a non-magnetic and conductive film, and an oxide layer of metal selected from Ta, Nb, Ti, Hf, W or an alloy thereof laminated in this order on a substrate, a head slider for holding the magnetic head, an actuator for guiding the head slider to a predetermined recording position of the recording position on the recording medium, a spindle motor rotating the recording medium and a signal processing system for processing information read out of the magnetic recording medium.