Author: claimsbot

1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a dielectric film and an active pattern that are stacked in sequence on a substrate;
a gate electrode crossing over the active pattern;
a gate insulation film interposed between the gate electrode and the active pattern;
a pair of impurity layers formed in the active pattern at both sides of the gate electrode, respectively, and defining a channel region in the active pattern under the gate electrode, the bottoms of the impurity layers contacting with the top of the dielectric film; and
a field isolation film filling a trench formed in the substrate around the active pattern and covering sidewalls of the dielectric film and the active pattern,
wherein excessive charges are stored in the channel region, such that the channel region is a data storage field of a volatile memory cell and the substrate is supplied with a voltage to provide attraction for the excessive charges stored in the channel region,
wherein the top of the field isolation film is partially leveled lower than the top of the dielectric film and forms the bottom of a recess region, a sidewall of the recess region partially including a sidewall of the active pattern, and
wherein the dielectric film partially extends along the bottom and sidewall of the recess region.
2. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 1, which further comprises: an embedded pattern disposed on the extending portion of the dielectric film, filling the recess region.
3. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the excessive charges are of the same polarity as majority carriers of the channel region.
4. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the dielectric film includes an insulation material higher than silicon oxide in dielectric constant.
5. A semiconductor device comprising:
a multi-level insulation film and an active pattern being stacked on a substrate in sequence, the multi-level insulation film including a lower charge-trapping film;
a gate electrode crossing over the active pattern;
a gate insulation film interposed between the gate electrode and the active pattern;
a pair of impurity layers formed in the active pattern at both sides of the gate electrode, respectively, and defining a channel region under the gate electrode, the bottoms of the impurity layers contacting with the top of the multi-level insulation film; and
a field isolation film filling a trench formed in the substrate around the active pattern and covering sidewalls of the multi-level insulation film and the active pattern,
wherein the top of the field isolation film is partially leveled lower than the top of the multi-level insulation film and forms the bottom of a recess region, a sidewall of the recess region partially including a sidewall of the active pattern,
wherein the multi-level insulation film partially extends along the bottom and sidewall of the recess region.
6. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 5, wherein the gate insulation film is formed of a single layer of insulation material.
7. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 5, wherein the gate insulation film includes a tunnel insulation film, an upper charge-trapping film, and a blocking insulation film, which are stacked in sequence.
8. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 5, wherein the multi-level insulation film further comprises: a first insulation film interposed between the lower charge-trapping film and the active pattern; and a second insulation film interposed between the lower charge-trapping film and the substrate.
9. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 5, which further comprises: an embedded pattern disposed on the extending portion of the multi-level insulation film, filling the recess region.
10. A semiconductor device comprising:
a substrate including a first region and a second region;
a dielectric film and a first active pattern stacked in sequence on the substrate of the first region, and a multi-level insulation film and a second active pattern stacked in sequence on the substrate of the second region, the multi-level insulation film including a lower charge-trapping film;
first and second gate electrodes crossing over the first and second active patterns, respectively;
first and second gate insulation films interposed between the first gate electrode and the first active pattern, and between the second gate electrode and the second active pattern, respectively;
a pair of first impurity layers formed in the first active pattern at both sides of the first gate electrode, respectively, and defining a first channel region in the first active region under the first gate electrode, the bottoms of the first impurity layers contacting with the top of the dielectric film;
a pair of second impurity layers formed in the second active pattern at both sides of the second gate electrode, respectively, and defining a second channel region in the second active region under the second gate electrode, the bottoms of the second impurity layers contacting with the top of the multi-level insulation film;
a first field isolation film filling a first trench formed in the substrate of the first region around the first active pattern and covering sidewalls of the dielectric film and the first active pattern; and
a second field isolation film filling a second trench formed in the substrate of the second region around the second active pattern and covering sidewalls of the multi-level insulation film and the second active pattern,
wherein the first channel region is used as a data storage field of a volatile memory cell,
wherein the top of the first field isolation film is partially leveled lower than the top of the dielectric film and forms the bottom of a first recess region, a sidewall of the first recess region partially including a sidewall of the first active pattern, and the dielectric film partially extends along the bottom and sidewall of the first recess region, and
wherein the top of the second field isolation film is partially leveled lower than the top of the multi-level insulation film and forms the bottom of a second recess region, a sidewall of the second recess region partially including a sidewall of the second active pattern, and the multi-level insulation film partially extends along the bottom and sidewall of the second recess region.
11. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, wherein the substrate of the first region is supplied with a voltage to provide attraction for excessive charges stored in the first channel region, the excessive charges being of the same polarity as majority carriers of the first channel region.
12. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, wherein the second gate insulation film is formed of a single layer of insulation material.
13. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, wherein the second gate insulation film includes a tunnel insulation film, an upper charge-trapping film, and a blocking insulation film, which are stacked in sequence.
14. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, wherein the dielectric film and the multi-level insulation film are made of the same material.
15. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, which further comprises:
a first embedded pattern disposed on the extending portion of the dielectric film, filling the first recess region; and
a second embedded pattern disposed on the extending portion of the multi-level insulation film, filling the second recess region.
16. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 10, wherein the substrate further includes a third region,
which further comprises:
a third active pattern and a lower insulation film stacked in sequence on the substrate of the third region;
a third gate electrode crossing over the third active pattern;
a third gate insulation film interposed between the third gate electrode and the third active pattern; and
a pair of third impurity layers formed in the third active pattern at both sides of the third gate electrode, respectively.
17. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 16, which further comprises: a third field isolation film filling a third trench formed in the substrate of the third region around the third active pattern and covering sidewalls of the lower insulation film and the third active pattern,
wherein the top of the third field isolation film is partially leveled lower than the top of the lower insulation film and forms the bottom of a third recess region, a sidewall of the third recess region partially including a sidewall of the third active pattern,
wherein the lower insulation film partially extends along the bottom and sidewall of the third recess region.
18. The semiconductor device as set forth in claim 17, which further comprises: a third embedded pattern disposed on the extending portion of the lower insulation film, filling the third recess region.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method of intercepting Short Message Services in a telecommunication system comprising at least one telecommunication Network that comprises an Access Point responsible for relaying Short Messages tofrom all subscribers belonging to the telecommunication network, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving to the Access Point, a request to monitor Short Messages related to a subscriber in the telecommunication system;
registering in the Access Point a Short Message tofrom a subscriber belonging to the telecommunication network, which short message is related to the monitored subscriber;
delivering to a Law Enforcement Monitoring Function from the Access Point, information related to the registered Short Message.
using the delivered information for law enforcement purposes.
2. The method according to claim 1, comprising the following further steps:
registering in the Access Point expiration of validity period associated with the Short Message;
delivering from the Access Point, information related to the registered expiration of validity period and the registered Short Message.
3. The method according to claim 1 whereby the monitored subscriber belongs to the telecommunication network but is located as roaming subscriber in another network.
4. The method according to claim 1 whereby the monitored subscriber is identified by an E-mail address.
5. The method according to claim 1 whereby a subscriber number in a Wireline network identifies the monitored subscriber.
6. The method according to claim 1 whereby the monitored subscriber is identified by any known subscriber identity.
7. The method according to claim 1 whereby the Short Message is transmitted tofrom a subscriber that belongs to the telecommunication network.
8. The method according to claim 7 whereby the telecommunication network is any one of the following:
a Public Land Mobile Network;
a wireline network;
an internet network.
9. An arrangement to intercept Short Message Services in a telecommunication system (TS) comprising at least one telecommunication Network that comprises an Access Point; responsible for relaying Short Messages tofrom all subscribers belonging to the telecommunication network, the arrangement comprising:
means for receiving in the Access Point, a request to monitor Short Messages related to a subscriber in the telecommunication system;
means for registering in the Access Point a Short Message tofrom a subscriber belonging to the telecommunication network, which short message is related to the monitored subscriber;
means for delivering to a Law Enforcement Monitoring Function from the Access Point, information related to the registered Short Message.
means for receiving the delivered information to a Law Enforcement Monitoring Function;
10. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9, further comprising:
means for registering in the Access Point of expiration of validity period associated with the Short Message; and
means for delivering from the Access Point, information related to the registered expiration of validity period and the registered Short Message.
11. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9 whereby the monitored subscriber belongs to the telecommunication network but is located as roaming subscriber in another network.
12. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9 whereby the monitored subscriber is identified by an E-mail address.
13. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9 whereby a subscriber number in a Wireline network identifies the monitored subscriber.
14. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9 whereby the monitored subscriber is identified by any known subscriber identity.
15. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 9 whereby the Short Message is transmitted tofrom a subscriber that belongs to the telecommunication network.
16. The arrangement to intercept Short Message Services according to claim 15 whereby the telecommunication network is any one of the following:
a Public Land Mobile Network;
a wireline network;
an internet network.
17. An article of manufacture comprising a program storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therein for intercepting Short Message Services in a telecommunication system comprising at least one telecommunication Network that comprises an Access Point responsible for relaying Short Messages tofrom all subscribers belonging to the telecommunication network, the computer readable program code in the article of manufacture comprising:
computer readable code for receiving to the Access Point, a request to monitor Short Messages related to a subscriber in the telecommunication system;
computer readable code for registering in the Access Point a Short Message tofrom a subscriber, which short message is related to the monitored subscriber;
computer readable code for delivering from the Access Point to a Law Enforcement Monitoring Function, information related to the registered Short Message.
computer readable code for using the delivered information for law enforcement purposes.

1. A device comprising:
an organic light enlitting device having a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light emitting layer disposed between the first and second electrodes;
an air interface;
a first planarization layer disposed between the air interface and the organic light emitting device, the first planarization layer having an index of refraction of at least 1.6; and
a first barrier layer disposed between the first planarization layer and the organic light emitting device, the first barrier layer having an index of refraction of at least 1.6;
wherein the first planarization layer planarizes a non-planar surface of a layer of the device.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device further comprises:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface;
wherein:
the first planarization layer is disposed over the first surface of the substrate;
the first barrier layer is disposed over the first planarization layer; and
the organic light emitting device is disposed over the first barrier layer.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first planarization layer has an index of refraction of at least 1.7.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the first barrier layer has an index of refraction of at least 1. 7.
5. The device of claim 2, wherein the first planarization layer is in physical contact with the substrate.
6. The device of claim 2, wherein the first barrier layer is in physical contact with the first planarization layer.
7. The device of claim 2, further comprising a light extraction layer disposed between the organic light emitting device and the air interface.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the light extraction layer is disposed between the first surface of the substrate and the first planarization layer.
9. The device of claim 7, wherein the light extraction layer is disposed over the second surface of the substrate.
10. The device of claim 7, wherein the light extraction layer comprises a surface with topographical features.
11. The device of claim 1, further comprising at least one layer disposed between the first planarization layer and the air interface.
12. The device of claim 11, wherein the refractive index of the at least one layer disposed between the first planarization layer and the air interface is not greater than the refractive index of the first planarization layer.
13. The device of claim 1, wherein for every interface between the organic light emitting device and the air interface, the interface is defined by a first layer and a second layer, the first layer is closer to the organic light emitting device than the second layer, and the second layer has a refractive index not greater than the refractive index of the first layer.
14. The device of claim 1, wherein for every interface between the organic light emitting device and the air interface, the interface is defined by a first layer and a second layer, the first layer is closer to the organic light emitting device than the second layer, and the second layer has a refractive index not more than 0.05 greater than the refractive index of the first layer.
15. The device of claim 1, wherein for every interface between the organic light emitting device and the air interface, the interface is defined by a first layer and a second layer, the first layer is closer to the organic light emitting device than the second layer, and the second layer has a refractive index not more than 0.1 greater than the refractive index of the first layer.
16. The device of claim of claim 2, wherein the second surface of the substrate has a plurality of topographical features.
17. The device of claim 1, wherein the indices of refraction of the first planarization layer and the first barrier layer are higher than the index of refraction of the substrate.
18. The device of claim 2, further comprising a second planarization layer disposed over the first barrier layer, wherein the second planarization layer is disposed between the first barrier layer and the organic light emitting device.
19. The device of claim 18, further comprising a second barrier layer disposed over the second planarization layer, wherein the second barrier layer is disposed between the second planarization layer and the organic light emitting device.
20. The device of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a flexible material.
21. The device of claim 2, wherein the index of refraction of the first planarization layer is less than the index of refraction of the first barrier layer and greater than the index of refraction of the substrate.
22. The device of claim 2, wherein the first surface of the substrate has a plurality of topographical features, and the planarization layer planarizes the first surface of the substrate.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
a closure having an end wall, a skirt and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
one of said skirt and said neck including a channel and the other of said skirt and said neck having a bead for receipt in said channel such that said closure is rotatable on said neck for selectively aligning said dispensing openings to dispense items from within said housing, and
a child resistance mechanism between said closure and said neck to resist rotation of said closure on said neck,
wherein said end wall of said closure includes a dosage window, and wherein said package includes a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings.
2. The package set forth in claim 1 wherein said skirt is flexible and resilient, and wherein said child resistance mechanism is a squeeze-and-turn mechanism that includes a rib in said channel and a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt.
3. The child-resistant package of claim 1 wherein said dispensing openings are disposed radially outboard of said disk.
4. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck, a dispensing opening in said end wall, an external channel extending around said neck and a rib in said channel,
a closure having an end wall with a dispensing opening, a flexible resilient skirt, an internal bead on said skirt slidably received in said channel to guide rotation of said closure on said neck, a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt, and a dosage window in said end wall of said closure, and
a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings.
5. The package set forth in claim 4 wherein said neck has diametrically opposed flats that interrupt said channel and permit inward flexure of said closure skirt into said flats.
6. The package set forth in claim 5 wherein said ratchet drive includes a protrusion on an undersurface of said closure end wall and an array of raised bumps on said disk, said protrusion engaging one of said bumps to rotate said disk as said closure is rotated to align said dispensing openings.
7. The package set forth in claim 6 wherein said ratchet drive further includes a disk stop on said end wall of said neck and a series of flexible resilient fingers on said disk to engage said stop and prevent reverse rotation of said disk.
8. The package as set forth in claim 4 wherein said closure and said housing have a first pair of stops to rotation of said closure in one direction on said housing when said dispensing openings are aligned, and a second pair of stops to stop rotation of said closure in a second direction on said housing in which said dosage window aligns with said dosage indicia on said disk.
9. The package set forth in claim 8 wherein said housing has indicia viewable through said dispensing opening of said closure to confirm that the package is closed.
10. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
a closure having an end wall, a flexible resilient skirt and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
one of said skirt and said neck including a channel and the other of said skirt and said neck having a bead for receipt in said channel such that said closure is rotatable on said neck for selectively aligning said dispensing openings to dispense items from within said housing, and
a child resistance mechanism between said closure and said neck to resist rotation of said closure on said neck, said child resistance mechanism being a squeeze-and-turn mechanism that includes a rib in said channel and a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt.
11. The package set forth in claim 10 wherein said neck has diametrically opposed flats to permit inward flexure of said closure skirt into said flats.
12. The package set forth in claim 11 wherein said channel is an external channel on said neck which is interrupted by said flats, and wherein said bead is an internal bead on said closure skirt.
13. The package set forth in claim 10 said end wall of said closure includes a dosage window, and wherein said package includes a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings.
14. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
a closure having an end wall, a skirt and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
one of said skirt and said neck including a channel and the other of said skirt and said neck having a bead for receipt in said channel such that said closure is rotatable on said neck for selectively aligning said dispensing openings to dispense items from within said housing, and
a child resistance mechanism between said closure and said neck to resist rotation of said closure on said neck,
wherein said end wall of said closure includes a dosage window, and wherein said package includes a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, and including a post extending from said disk and rotatably received in a pocket in said end wall of said neck.
15. The package set forth in claim 14 wherein said pocket has an off-center step for receiving posts on disks of differing diameter.
16. The package set forth in claim 14 wherein said ratchet drive includes a protrusion on an undersurface of said closure end wall and an array of raised bumps on said disk, said protrusion engaging one of said bumps to rotate said disk as said closure is rotated to align said dispensing openings.
17. The package set forth in claim 16 wherein said ratchet drive further includes a disk stop on said end wall of said neck and a series of flexible resilient fingers on said disk to engage said disk stop and prevent reverse rotation of said disk.
18. The package set forth in claim 14 wherein said disk is disposed on a shoulder in said end wall of said neck.
19. The package set forth in claim 14 wherein said closure and said housing have a first pair of stops to stop rotation of said closure in one direction on said housing when said dispensing openings are aligned, and a second pair stops to stop rotation of said closure in a second direction on said housing who said dosage window aligns with said dosage indicia on said disk.
20. The package set forth in claim 19 wherein said housing has indicia viewable through said dispensing opening of said closure to confirm that the package is closed.
21. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck, a dispensing opening in said end wall, an external channel extending around said neck and a rib in said channel,
a closure having an end wall with a dispensing opening, a flexible resilient skirt, an internal rib on said skirt slidably received in said channel to guide rotation of said closure on said neck, a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt, and a dosage window in said end wall of said closure, and
a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, wherein said disk is disposed on a shoulder in said end wall of said neck and said disk includes a post rotatably received in a pocket on said shoulder.
22. The package set forth in claim 21 wherein said pocket has an off-center step for receiving posts on disks of differing diameter.
23. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
a closure having an end wall, a skirt and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
one of said skirt and said neck including a channel and the other of said skirt and said neck having a bead for receipt in said channel such that said closure is rotatable on said neck for selectively aligning said dispensing openings to dispense items from within said housing, and
a child resistance mechanism between said closure and said neck to resist rotation of said closure on said neck,
wherein said end wall of said closure includes a dosage window, and wherein said package includes a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, wherein said housing includes a top panel, including said neck, welded to a bottom plate.
24. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
a closure having an end wall, a skirt and a dispensing opening in said end wall,
one of said skirt and said neck including a channel and the other of said skirt and said neck having a bead for receipt in said channel such that said closure is rotatable on said neck for selectively aligning said dispensing openings to dispense items from within said housing, and
a child resistance mechanism between said closure and said neck to resist rotation of said closure on said neck,
wherein said end wall of said closure includes a dosage window, and wherein said package includes a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, wherein said housing has a flat wall opposite said neck, a fill opening in said flat wall and a cap in said fill opening, said cap having a wall that is flush with said flat wall forming a label application area over said cap on said flat wall.
25. The package set forth in claim 24 wherein said housing has an enlarged portion spaced from said neck, said enlarged portion having a surface that cooperates with said end wall of said closure to form a flat surface parallel to said flat wall for stacking said packages one upon another.
26. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck, a dispensing opening in said end wall, an external channel extending around said neck and a rib in said channel,
a closure having an end wall with a dispensing opening, a flexible resilient skirt, an internal rib on said skirt slidably received in said channel to guide rotation of said closure on said neck, a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt, and a dosage window in said end wall of said closure, and
a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, wherein said housing includes a top panel, including said neck, welded to a bottom plate.
27. A child-resistant package that includes:
a housing having an internal volume for holding items to be dispensed, a cylindrical neck, an end wall on said neck, a dispensing opening in said end wall, an external channel extending around said neck and a rib in said channel,
a closure having an end wall with a dispensing opening, a flexible resilient skirt, an internal rib on said skirt slidably received in said channel to guide rotation of said closure on said neck, a slot in said bead for snap receipt over said rib to prevent rotation of said closure on said neck absent ovalization of said skirt, and a dosage window in said end wall of said closure, and
a disk disposed between said closure and said end wall of said neck having dosage indicia viewable through said dosage window and a ratchet drive among said closure, said disk and said housing for indexing said disk upon each rotation of said closure on said neck to align said dispensing openings, wherein said housing has a flat wall opposite said neck, a fill opening in said flat wall and a cap in said fill opening, said cap having a wall that is flush with said flat wall forming a label application area over said cap on said flat wall.
28. The package set forth in claim 27 wherein said housing has an enlarged portion spaced from said neck, said enlarged portion having a surface that cooperates with said end wall of said closure to form a flat surface parallel to said flat wall for stacking said packages one upon another.