Author: claimsbot

1. A phase change ink composition comprising:
an amorphous compound;
a crystalline compound;
a polyester polymer, wherein the polyester has a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 8,000 and a polydispersity index of from about 1.0 to about 8.0;
an optional synergist;
an optional dispersant; and
a colorant.
2. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is comprised of large monomers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propylene glycol, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-propanediol, azelaic acid, abietic acid, glycerol, isophthalic acid, hexanediol, DL-mandelic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and mixtures and combinations thereof.
3. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is a bio-based polyester selected from the group consisting of poly(dimerized rosin-co-1,2-propylene glycol-co-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid-co-1,3-propanediol-co-azelaic acid-co-rosin fumarate) copolymer, poly(2-(2-hydroxy-2-((1R,4aR,4bR)-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene-1-carbonyl)oxy)ethyl) 6-(2-hydroxy-3-(((1R,4aR,4bR)-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene-1-carbonyl)oxy)propyl) naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate-co-isophthalic acid-co-1,6-hexanediol) co polymer, poly(mandelic acid-co-lactic acid) copolymer, and mixtures and combinations thereof.
4. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is a bio-based, branched polyester resin comprising:
(i) the condensation product of:
(a) a hydroxyl donor;
(b) a cyclic polyhydroxyl acceptor; and
(c) an optional catalyst, and

(ii) a polyacid,

wherein said bio-based, branched polyester resin is greater than about 90% bio-based.
5. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is a bio-based, branched polyester resin comprising:
(i) the condensation product of:
(a) a hydroxyl donor selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glycerol carbonate, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane and hexane triol;
(b) a cyclic polyhydroxyl acceptor selected from the group consisting of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and combinations thereof;
(c) an optional catalyst; and

(ii) a polyacid selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecane diacid and combinations thereof; wherein said bio-based, branched polyester resin is greater than about 90% bio-based.
6. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is a bio-based, branched polyester resin comprising:
(i) the polycondensation product of:
(a) glycerine carbonate andor glycerol; and
(b) a rosin acid selected from the group consisting of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and combinations thereof; and

(ii) a polyacid selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid and azelaic acid.
7. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is 1-decyl-12-methyl dodecanedioate of the formula
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
8. The phase change ink composition of claim 1, wherein the polyester is polymer is a branched polyester comprising a compound of the formula:
wherein R is an alkylene group, and wherein the alkylene group can be selected from linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated, cyclic and acyclic, and substituted and unsubstituted alkylene groups, and wherein heteroatoms either may or may not be present in the alkylene group;
wherein R\u2032 is an alkylene group, and wherein the alkylene group can be selected from linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated, cyclic and acyclic, and substituted and unsubstituted alkylene groups, and wherein heteroatoms either may or may not be present in the alkylene group;
wherein all carbonyl carbons adjacent to R\u2032 are separated by at least two atoms if the two atoms are separated by a single bond; or
wherein all carbonyl carbons adjacent to R\u2032 are separated by at least 3 atoms covalently linked in series;
wherein m is an integer from about 1 to about 1,000; and
wherein n is an integer from about 1 to about 1,000.
9. The phase change ink of claim 1, wherein the amorphous compound comprises a first ester of tartaric acid of the formula
wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 is independently selected from an alkyl group, wherein the alkyl is straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from about 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; and
wherein the crystalline compound comprises a second ester of tartaric acid of the formula
wherein each of R6 and R7 is independently selected from an aryl or a heteroaryl optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a combination thereof, and wherein each n is independently selected from an integer from 0 to 3.
10. The phase change ink of claim 1, wherein the crystalline compound is selected from the group consisting of dibenzyl L-tartrate, diphenethyl L-tartrate, bis(3-phenyl-1-propyl) L-tartrate, bis(2-phenoxyethyl) L-tartrate, diphenyl L-tartrate, bis-4-methylphenyl) L-tartrate, bis(4-methoxylphenyl) L-tartrate, bis(4-methylbenzyl) L-tartrate, bis(4-methoxybenzyl) L-tartrate, and stereoisomers and mixtures thereof; and wherein the amorphous compound is selected from the group consisting of bis(2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl) L-tartrate, (4-t-butylcyclohexyl)(cyclohexyl)-L-tartrate, stereoisomers and mixtures thereof.
11. The phase change ink of claim 1, wherein the amorphous compound is a compound of the formula
12. The phase change ink of claim 1, wherein the crystalline compound is a compound of the formula
13. A process comprising:
(1) incorporating into an ink jet printing apparatus a phase change ink composition comprising an amorphous compound; a crystalline compound; a polyester polymer, wherein the polyester has a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 8,000 and a polydispersity index of from about 1.0 to about 8.0; an optional synergist; an optional dispersant; and a colorant;
(2) melting the ink; and
(3) causing droplets of the melted ink to be ejected in an imagewise pattern onto a substrate.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the polyester is a bio-based, branched polyester resin comprising:
(i) the condensation product of:
(a) a hydroxyl donor selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glycerol carbonate, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane and hexane triol;
(b) a cyclic polyhydroxyl acceptor selected from the group consisting of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and combinations thereof;
(c) an optional catalyst; and

(ii) a polyacid selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecane diacid and combinations thereof;

wherein said bio-based, branched polyester resin is greater than about 90% bio-based.
15. The process of claim 13, wherein the polyester wherein the polyester is 1-decyl-12-methyl dodecanedioate of the formula
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
16. An ink jet printer stick or pellet containing a phase change ink composition comprising an amorphous compound; a crystalline compound; a polyester polymer, wherein the polyester has a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 8,000 and a polydispersity index of from about 1.0 to about 8.0; an optional synergist; an optional dispersant; and a colorant.
17. The ink jet printer stick or pellet of claim 16, wherein the polyester is a bio-based, branched polyester resin comprising:
(i) the condensation product of:
(a) a hydroxyl donor selected from the group consisting of glycerol, glycerol carbonate, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane and hexane triol;
(b) a cyclic polyhydroxyl acceptor selected from the group consisting of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and combinations thereof;
(c) an optional catalyst; and

(ii) a polyacid selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, dodecylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dodecane diacid and combinations thereof;

wherein said bio-based, branched polyester resin is greater than about 90% bio-based.
18. The ink jet printer stick or pellet of claim 16, wherein the polyester wherein the polyester is 1-decyl-12-methyl dodecanedioate of the formula
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 1,000.
19. The ink jet printer stick or pellet of claim 16, wherein the amorphous compound comprises a first ester of tartaric acid of the formula
wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 is independently selected from an alkyl group, wherein the alkyl is straight, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, having from about 1 to about 40 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group; and
wherein the crystalline compound comprises a second ester of tartaric acid of the formula
wherein each of R6 and R7 is independently selected from an aryl or a heteroaryl optionally substituted with a lower alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a combination thereof, and wherein each n is independently selected from an integer from 0 to 3.
20. The ink jet printer stick or pellet of claim 16, wherein the polyester is wherein the polyester is comprised of large monomers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of 1,2-propylene glycol, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-propanediol, azelaic acid, abietic acid, glycerol, isophthalic acid, hexanediol, DL-mandelic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, and mixtures and combinations thereof.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A recordingreproducing apparatus for recordingreproducing data tofrom a recording medium having a data area in which music data are stored and a management data area in which management data for managing a plurality of music data are stored, comprising:
selecting means for selecting, in accordance with a user operation, album management data to be stored in said recording medium, said album management data stored in said management data area managing said plurality of music data as album data, and said album management data includes a send album counter and a send music counter;
reading means for reading said selected album management data and said album data managed thereby; and
transfer means for transferring said read album management data and said read album data managed thereby to an external device, wherein when said album management data and said read album data are transferred, said album management data including said send album counter and said send music counter are rewritten.
2. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
said management data area of said recording medium stores list management data for managing a plurality of said album management data, album management data for managing a plurality of music management data, and said plurality of music management data for managing said plurality of music data; and
said data area of said recording medium stores said plurality of music data managed by said plurality of music management data.
3. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
said album counter indicates a number of times said album data managed by said album management data have been transferred to said external device, said album data are said plurality of music data managed by said plurality of music management data; and
said recordingreproducing apparatus further comprises:
control means for controlling, in accordance with said album counter, said transfer means so as to transfer said read album data to said external device and increment said album counter.
4. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
said transfer means transfers each of said plurality of music data managed by said read album management data to said external device,
said music counter indicates a number of times each of said plurality of music data managed by said album management data has been transferred to said external device, and
said control means controls, in accordance with said music counter, said transfer means so as to transfer each of said plurality of music data to said external device and increment said music counter.
5. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
said control means controls, in accordance with said album counter, said transfer means so as not to transfer said read album data to said external device.
6. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein:
said control means controls said transfer means so as not to transfer said read album data to said external device when a value of said album counter is greater than a predetermined value.
7. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
said control means controls, in accordance with said music counter, said transfer means so as not to transfer each of said plurality of music data to said external device.
8. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:
said control means controls said transfer means so as not to transfer each of said plurality of music data to said external device when a value of said music counter is greater than a predetermined value.
9. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
said control means controls said transfer means so as not to transfer said read album data to said external device in accordance with said music counter corresponding to said plurality of music management data managed by said album management data.
10. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein:
said control means controls said transfer means so as not to transfer said read album management data to said external device when a value of at least one of said music counter corresponding to said plurality of music management data managed by said album management data is greater than a predetermined value.
11. The recordingreproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein:
said controls means controls said transfer means so as to transfer, to said external device, each of said plurality of music data corresponding to said plurality of music management data managed by said album management data when said music counter of each of said plurality of music data is lower than a predetermined value.
12. A data transfer method for transferring data from a recording medium having a data area in which said data are stored and a management data area in which management data for managing said data are stored, comprising the steps of:
selecting, in accordance with a user operation, album management data to be stored in said recording medium, said album management data stored in said management data area managing a plurality of music data as album data, and said album management data includes a send album counter and a send music counter;
reading said selected album management data and said album data managed thereby; and
transferring said read album management data and said read album data managed thereby to an external device, wherein when said album management data and said read album data are transferred, said album management data including said send album counter and said send music counter are rewritten.

1. A pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof represented by formula (1):
wherein,
R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or \u2014OR5;
R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or \u2014(C\u2550O)R6;
R6 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
n represents 0 or 1, or n represents 0 when R3 is \u2014OR5;
R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group or an optionally substituted C7-C16 aralkyl group; the substituents in the optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group as are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, \u2014NO2, \u2014CHO, \u2014OH, \u2014COOH, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, \u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014R133, \u2014O\u2014C(\u2550O)R26, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR27, \u2014NR28C(\u2550O)R29, \u2014NR30R31, \u2014C(\u2550O)NR32R33, \u2014NR34C(\u2550X1)OR35, \u2014NR36C(\u2550X2)NR37R38, \u2014NR39\u2014SO2R40, \u2014S(O)r\u2014R41 and \u2014SO2NR42R43, wherein X1 or X2 represents O, S, N\u2014CN or NH and r represents 0 to 2;
W represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, and in this case m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy group, \u2014NR150R151 or an optionally substituted phenoxy group and in this case m represents 1 to 4;
R26 to R43, R133, R150 and R151 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted aralkyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group, or, when R30 and R31, R32 and R33, R37 and R38, R42 and R43 or R150 and R151 are optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups, the substituents in each combination may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond, and this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which these substituents bond;
-A-B- represents \u2014CH2\u2014CH(-Z1)-, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550C(-Z2)- or \u2014(CH2)q\u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014;
p represents 3 and q represents 1 or 2;
Z1 and Z2 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or \u2014CH2\u2014OR11; and
R11 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or a substituted silyl group.
2. A pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof represented by formula (1):
wherein
R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or \u2014OR5;
R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or \u2014(C\u2550O)R6;
R6 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
n represents 0 or 1 or n represents 0 and when R3 is \u2014OR5;
R4 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted C7-C16 aralkyl group; the substituents in the optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group as R4 are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, \u2014NO2, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR7, \u2014NR8C(\u2550O)R9, \u2014NR10R127, \u2014C(\u2550O)NR128R129 and \u2014SO2NR130R131;
W represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group and in this case m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy group or an optionally substituted phenoxy group and in this case m represents 1 to 4;
R7 to R10 and R127 to R131 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, or, when R10 and R127, R128 and R129 or R130 and R131 are optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups, they may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond, and this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which these substituents bond;
-A-B- represents \u2014CH2\u2014CH(-Z3)-, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550C(-Z4)- or \u2014(CH2)q\u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014;
p represents 3 and q represents 1 or 2;
Z3 and Z4 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or \u2014CH20R11; and
R11 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group.
3. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R1 is hydrogen atom.
4. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom.
5. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R2 is a halogen.
6. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R3 is an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group.
7. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R3 is an unsubstituted C1-C4 alkyl group, a substituted C1-C4 alkyl group wherein the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, phenyl group, C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens, C1-C4 alkoxy group, C1-C4 alkoxy group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens, \u2014CN, \u2014CHO, \u2014OH, \u2014(C\u2550O)OH, \u2014(C\u2550O)OR86, \u2014(C\u2550O)NR87R88 and \u2014NR89R90; R86 represents a C1-C4 alkyl group, a 0308 cycloalkyl group or a phenyl group; R87 and R88 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, a phenyl group or an aralkyl group; R89 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group or a benzyl group; R90 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a benzyl group, an acetyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group, or, when R89 and R90 are alkyl groups, they may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond; further this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which R89 and R90 bond, an unsubstituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, a substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group wherein the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014OH, \u2014(C\u2550O)OH, C1-4 alkyl group, C1-C4 alkoxy group and \u2014NR91R92, wherein R91 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a phenyl group or a benzyl group and R92 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a benzyl group, an acetyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group, an unsubstituted heterocyclic group or a substituted heterocyclic group wherein, when carbon atom(s) in the substituted heterocyclic group are substituted, the substituent(s) are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014(C\u2550O)OH, C1-C4 alkyl group, C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens, phenyl group, benzyl group, C1-C4 alkoxy group, C1-C4 alkoxy group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens and NR93R94, wherein R93 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a phenyl group or a benzyl group and R94 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a benzyl group, an acetyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group, wherein, when nitrogen atom(s) in the heterocycle are substituted, the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl group, benzyl group, acetyl group, tert-butoxycarbonyl group and benzyloxycarbonyl group.
8. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R3 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic group wherein the heterocyclic group represents a monocyclic 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, a substituted saturated heterocyclic group wherein the heterocyclic group represents a monocyclic 5- to 8-membered heterocyclic group containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the substituent bonds to a nitrogen atom in the heterocycle and the substituents represent one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl group, benzyl group and tert-butoxycarbonyl group, a C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with one amino group or a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group substituted with one amino group.
9. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R3 is a piperidyl group, a pyrrolidinyl group or a cyclohexyl group substituted with an amino group.
10. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein n is 0.
11. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 san optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group.
12. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR7 and \u2014C(\u2550O)NR9R10.
13. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group and \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W.
14. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and the substituents are one or more \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, wherein W is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy group.
15. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and optionally substituted heterocyclic group.
16. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group and the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR7 and \u2014C(\u2550O)NR9R10.
17. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group wherein the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W and \u2014C(\u2550O)OR113, wherein W represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl group or an optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic group and m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkoxy group and m represents 1 to 4, and R113 represents an optionally substituted 0108 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted phenyl group.
18. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted phenyl group wherein the substituent is one \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, wherein W represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group and m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkoxy group and m represents 1 to 4.
19. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group wherein the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group, optionally substituted phenyl group and optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic group.
20. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group wherein the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR113 and \u2014C(\u2550O)NR118R119, wherein R113, R118 and R119 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group; and when R118 and R119 are alkyl groups, they may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond, and this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which they bond.
21. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted heterocyclic group.
22. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl group wherein, when carbon atom(s) in the bicyclic heteroaryl group are substituted, the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, C1-C8 alkyl group, C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens, C1-C8 alkoxy group, C1-C4 alkoxy group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens, phenyl group, monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR122, \u2014NR123R124 and \u2014C(\u2550O)NR125R126, wherein R123 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a phenyl group or a benzyl group, R124 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a benzyl group, an acetyl group, a tert-butoxycarbonyl group or a benzyloxycarbonyl group, R122 represents a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or a phenyl group, and R125 and R126 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, a phenyl group or a benzyl group; when nitrogen atom(s) in the heterocycle are substituted, the substituents are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl group, benzyl group, acetyl group, tert-butoxycarbonyl group and benzyloxycarbonyl group.
23. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl group wherein the bicyclic heteroaryl group means a bicyclic heteroaryl group wherein a phenyl group is fused with an aromatic heterocycle containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S; when carbon atom(s) in the bicyclic heteroaryl group are substituted, the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4 alkyl group and C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens; when nitrogen atom(s) in the heterocycle are substituted, the substituent represents one or more C1-C4 alkyl group.
24. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C7-C16 aralkyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group.
25. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group.
26. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein -A-B- is \u2014CH2\u2014CH2\u2014, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, or \u2014CH\u2550CH\u2014.
27. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, wherein -A-B- is \u2014CH2\u2014CH2.
28. A pyrazolopyrimidine derivative represented by formula (2):
wherein,
R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally susbstituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group ot \u2014OR5 ;
R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or \u2014(C\u2550O)R6;
R5 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
n represents 0 or 1 , or n represents 0 when R3 is \u2014OR5;
R4 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group or an optionally substituted C7-C16 aralkyl group; the substituents in the optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group as R4 are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, \u2013NO2, \u2014CHO, \u2014OH, \u2014COOH, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, \u2014(\u2550O)\u2014R133, \u2014O\u2014C(\u2550O)R26, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR27, \u2014NR28C(\u2550O)R29, \u2014NR30R31, \u2014C(\u2550O)NR32R33, \u2014NR34C(\u2550X1)OR35, \u2014NR36C(\u2550C2)NR37R38, \u2014NR39SO2R40, \u2014S(O)r\u2014R41 and \u2014SO2NR42R43, wherein X1 or X2 represents O, S, N\u2014CN or NH and r represents 0 to 2;
W represents a hydrogen atom, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, and in this case m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy group, \u2014NR150R151 or an optionally substituted phenoxy group an in this case m represents 1 to 4;
R26 to R43, R133, R150 and R151 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkenyl, an optionally substituted C2-C8 alkynyl, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted aralkyl group or an optionally substituted hereocyclylalkyl group, or, when R30 and R31, R32 and R33, R37 and R38, R42 and R43 or R150 and R151 are optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups, the substituents in each combination may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond, and this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which these substituents bond;
-A-B- represents \u2014CH2\u2014CH(-Z1)-, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550C(-Z2)- or \u2014(CH2)q\u2014C(\u2550O)\u2014;
p represents 3 and q represents 1 or 2;
Z1 and Z2 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or \u2014CH2\u2014OR11; and
R11 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or a substituted silyl group,

and Boc represents tert-butoxycarbonyl.
29. A pyrazolopyrimidine derivative represented by formula (2):
wherein,
R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen;
R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or \u2014OR5;
R5 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group or \u2014(C\u2550O)R6;
R6 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group;
n represents 0 or 1 or n represents 0 and when R3 is \u2014OR5;
R4 represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted C7-C16 aralkyl group; the substituents in the optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group as R4 are one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, \u2014CN, \u2014NO2, optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, \u2014C(\u2550O)OR7, \u2014NR8C(\u2550O)R9, \u2014NR10R127, \u2014C(\u2550O)NR128R129 and \u2014SO2NR130R131;
W represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group and in this case m represents 0 to 4; or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkoxy group or an optionally substituted phenoxy group and in this case m represents 1 to 4;
R7 to R10 and R127 to R131 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, or, when R10 and R127, R128 and R129 or R130 and R131 are optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl groups, they may form a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they bond, and this ring may contain 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfur atom besides the nitrogen atom to which these substituents bond;
-A-B- represents \u2014CH2\u2014CH(-Z3)-, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, \u2014CH\u2550C(-Z4)- or \u2014(CH2)q\u2014C(\u2550O);
p represents 3 and q represents 1 or 2;
Z3 and Z4 may be identical or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or \u2014CH2OR11; and
R11 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, and Boc represents tert-butoxycarbonyl.
30. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R1 and R2 are a hydrogen atom.
31. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom and R2 is a halogen.
32. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R3 is an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted cyclohexyl group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group wherein the heterocyclic group means a 3- to 10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic group containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.
33. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R3 is an unsubstituted heterocyclic group wherein the heterocyclic group means a 5- to 8-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, a substituted heterocyclic group wherein the heterocyclic group means a 5- to 8-membered monocyclic heterocyclic group containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and the substituent bonds to a nitrogen atom in a saturated heterocyclic group and the substituents represent one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl group, benzyl group, acetyl group, tert butoxycarbonyl group and benzyloxycarbonyl group, a C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with an amino group or a C3-C8 alkyl group substituted with an amino group.
34. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C3-C8 cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-C14 aryl group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group or an optionally substituted heterocyclylalkyl group.
35. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted phenyl group or an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl group.
36. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted phenyl group wherein the substituents are one or more \u2014O\u2014(CH2)m\u2014W, wherein W represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl group and m is 0 to 4, or W represents an optionally substituted C1-C4 alkoxy group and m is 2 to 4.
37. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein R4 is an optionally substituted bicyclic heteroaryl group wherein the substituents are 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4 alkyl group and C1-C4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 9 halogens.
38. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to any of claim 28 or 29, wherein -A-B- is \u2014CH2\u2014CH2\u2014, \u2014(CH2)p\u2014, or \u2014CH\u2550CH\u2014.
39. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein -A-B- is \u2014CH2\u2014CH2.
40. The pyrazolopyrimidine derivative according to claim 28 or 29, wherein n is 0.
41. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 or 2, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
42. A MAPKAP-K2 inhibitor comprising the pyrazolopyrimidine derivative or medically acceptable salt thereof according to claims 1 or 2, as an active ingredient.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for installing firmware on a network interface controller (NIC) comprising:
accessing a computer readable medium to obtain the firmware; and
installing the firmware on the NIC, wherein the firmware comprises executable instructions for:
receiving a first signal to use a transport layer protocol selected from a plurality of transport layer protocols embedded in the NIC,
determining whether the transport layer protocol is currently available on the NIC;
transmitting, in response to determining that the transport layer protocol is currently available on the NIC, a data packet via a network interface using the transport layer protocol;
receiving a second signal to use a new transport layer protocol, wherein the new transport layer protocol is not in the plurality of transport layer protocols embedded in the NIC when the second signal is received; and
updating the firmware, in response to determining that the transport layer protocol is not currently available on the NIC, to add the new transport layer protocol to the plurality of transport layer protocols embedded in the NIC in response to the second signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of transport layer protocols is embedded in the firmware, and wherein at least one of the plurality of transport layer protocols is embedded in the NIC as firmware.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of transport layer protocols is embedded in the NIC as an integrated circuit, and wherein at least one of the plurality of transport layer protocols is embedded in the NIC as firmware.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signal comprises a modified transport layer protocol designation variable stored on the NIC.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first signal comprises a stored transport layer protocol designation flag in a header of the data packet.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of transport layer protocols comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of transmission control protocol (TCP) Tahoe, TCP Reno, TCP Vegas, TCP NewReno, TCP Hybla, TCP Westwood, TCP Selective Acknowledgement Options (SACK), Hamilton TCP (HTCP), HighSpeed TCP (HSTCP), Binary Increase Congestion (BIC) TCP, Cubic BIC (CUBIC) TCP, Fast Active Queue Management Scalable TCP (FAST), Scalable TCP (STCP), Smart Acknowledgement (ACK) Dropper (SAD), and User Datagram Protocol (UDP).