Author: claimsbot

1. A zoom lens unit, comprising:
a first lens group having a positive refracting power;
a second lens group having a negative refracting power; and
a subsequent lens group comprising one or more lens groups and having a positive refracting power as a whole, said one or more lens groups comprising a third lens group,
the first lens group, the second lens group and the subsequent lens group being arranged in this order from an object side to an image side,
an aperture stop disposed between the second lens group and the third lens group,
wherein when changing a magnification from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group increases, while a distance between the second lens group and the subsequent lens group decreases,
wherein a lens construction including the first and the second lens groups satisfies the condition:
1.0<ri ri+1<5.0\u2003\u2003(1),
in which ri and ri+1 are curvature radii of lens surfaces Si and Si+1 in the lens construction, respectively, the lens surfaces Si and Si+1 being\u201ci\u201dth and \u201ci+1\u201dth lens surfaces, respectively, counted from the object side,
and wherein a reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of a ghost image is performed on each lens surface forming at least one of pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1).
2. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of the ghost image is performed on the lens surfaces forming all the pair or pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1).
3. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment performed on the lens surfaces gives a refractivity R200 (unit: %): R200<0.7 (2) for a flux of a perpendicular incident light in a range of wavelength 450-650 nm.
4. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1,
wherein, within a range of wavelength 450-650 nm with respect to the perpendicular incident light flux, each lens surface forming at least one of the pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1) exhibits that:
in a wavelength range the reflectivity is equal to or less than 0.3%,
in a wavelength range the reflectivity is more than 0.3%, and
the reflectivity-reducing treatment on said each lens surface is performed such that the reflectivity of one or both of said lens surfaces is equal to or less than 0.3% over the range of wavelength 450-650 nm.
5. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1,
wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment of each lens surface is performed such that:
in a desired continuous wavelength range within wavelength 450-650 nm, with respect to the perpendicular incident light flux, the reflectivity of each lens surface forming at least one of the pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1), is equal to or less than 0.3%.
6. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein the lens construction including the first and the second lens groups satisfies the condition:
2.0<riri+1<5.0\u2003\u2003(1A),

in which ri and ri+1 are curvature radii of lens surfaces Si and Si+1 in the lens construction, respectively, the lens surfaces Si and Si+1 being \u201ci\u201dth and \u201ci1\u201dth lens surfaces, respectively, counted from the object side,
and wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of the ghost image is performed on each lens surface forming at least one of the pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1A).
7. A zoom lens unit according to claim 6, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of the ghost image is performed on the lens surfaces forming all the pair or pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1A).
8. A zoom lens unit according to claim 6, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment performed on the lens surfaces gives a refractivity R200 (unit: %): R200<0.7 (2) for a flux of a perpendicular incident light in a range of wavelength 450-650 nm.
9. A zoom lens unit according to claim 6,
wherein, within a range of wavelength 450-650 nm with respect to the perpendicular incident light flux, each lens surface forming at least one of the pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1A) exhibits that:
in a wavelength range the reflectivity is equal to or less than 0.3%,
in a wavelength range the reflectivity is more than 0.3%, and
the reflectivity-reducing treatment on said lens surface is performed such that the reflectivity of one or both of said lens surfaces is equal to or less than 0.3% over the range of wavelength 450-650 nm.
10. A zoom lens unit according to claim 6,
wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment of each lens surface is performed such that:
in a desired continuous wavelength range within wavelength 450-650 nm, with respect to the perpendicular incident light flux, the reflectivity of each lens surface forming at least one of the pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1A), is equal to or less than 0.3%.
11. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment includes:
a multilayer film being layered on the lens surface and having a function of reducing the reflectivity.
12. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein the reflectivity-reducing treatment includes:
a subwavelength structure being formed as a surface shape of the lens surface to reduce the reflectivity.
13. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1,
wherein the first lens group includes three lenses in order from the object side:
a negative lens having a large curvature surface on the image side;
a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the object side; and
a positive lens having a convex surface on the object side,
wherein the positive meniscus lens has the lens surface Si on the image side, the positive lens has the lens surface Si+1 on the object side, and the lens surface Si and the lens surface Si+1 satisfy the condition (1).
14. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1,
wherein a lens surface nearest to the image side of the first lens group is a concave surface, a lens surface nearest to the object side of the second lens group is a convex surface, and
wherein the condition (1) is satisfied, where the concave surface is the lens surface Si, and the convex surface is the lens surface Si+1.
15. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1,
wherein the subsequent lens group arranged on the image side of the aperture stop comprises the third lens group having a positive refracting power, and a fourth lens group having a positive refracting power, and when changing the magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, the first lens group and the third lens group move to the object side.
16. A zoom lens unit according to claim 15, which satisfies the conditions:
0.30<X1fT<0.85\u2003\u2003(3),
0.15<X3fT<0.50\u2003\u2003(4),

in which X1 is a total displacement of the first lens group when changing the magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, X3 is a total displacement of the third lens group when changing the magnification from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, and fT is a focal length of the entire system at the telephoto end.
17. A zoom lens unit according to claim 16, which satisfies the condition:
0.70<Y\u2032maxfw<1.00\u2003\u2003(5),

in which fw is a focal length of the entire system at the wide angle end, and Y\u2032max is a maximum image height.
18. A zoom lens unit according to claim 1, wherein a magnification ratio is not less than about 4.5 times, and a half field angle at the wide angle end is not less than 38 degrees.
19. An imaging device, comprising:
a light receiving element; and
an optical system for photographing which forms an image of a photographic object onto the light receiving element,
the optical system for photographing including a zoom lens unit comprising:
a first lens group having a positive refracting power;
a second lens group having a negative refracting power; and
a subsequent lens group having one or more lens groups and having a positive refracting power as a whole, said one or more lens groups having a third lens group, the first lens group, the second lens group and the subsequent lens group being arranged in this order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop disposed between the second lens group and the third lens group, wherein when changing a magnification from a wide angle end to a telephoto end a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group increases, while a distance between the second lens group and the subsequent lens group decreases, wherein a lens construction including the first and the second lens groups satisfies the condition:
1.0<riri+1<5.0\u2003\u2003(1),
in which r1 and ri+1 are curvature radii of lens surfaces Si and Si+1 in the lens construction, respectively, the lens surfaces Si and Si+1 being\u201ci\u201dth and\u201ci+1\u201dth lens surfaces, respectively, counted from the object side, and wherein a reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of a ghost image is performed on each lens surface forming at least one of pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1).
20. A photographing device, including an imaging device comprising:
a light receiving element; and
an optical system for photographing which forms an image of a photographic object onto the light receiving element,
the optical system for photographing including a zoom lens unit comprising:
a first lens group having a positive refracting power;
a second lens group having a negative refracting power; and
a subsequent lens group having one or more lens groups and having a positive refracting power as a whole, said one or more lens groups having a third lens group, the first lens group, the second lens group and the subsequent lens group being arranged in this order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop disposed between the second lens group and the third lens group, wherein when changing a magnification from a wide angle end to a telephoto end a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group increases, while a distance between the second lens group and the subsequent lens group decreases; wherein a lens construction including the first and the second lens groups satisfies the condition:
1.0<riri+1<5.0\u2003\u2003(1),
in which ri and ri+1 are curvature radii of lens surfaces Si and Si+1 in the lens construction, respectively, the lens surfaces Si and Si+1 being\u201ci\u201dth and\u201ci+1\u201dth lens surfaces, respectively, counted from the object side, and wherein a reflectivity-reducing treatment adapted to reduce intensity of a ghost image is performed on each lens surface forming at least one of pairs of lens surfaces satisfying the condition (1).
21. A photographing device according to claim 20, wherein the photographing device is structured as a camera.
22. A photographing device according to claim 20, wherein the photographing device is structured as a mobile information terminal.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A wheel adapted to provide locomotive traction while in contact with a surface, said wheel including a hollow interior including a series of hollow segments, said hollow segments are each adapted for storing and transferring a fluid to other said segments, said storing and transferring said fluid modifies a mass moment of inertia of said wheel when said wheel is accelerating or decelerating while rotating.
2. The wheel of claim 1, wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid automatically modifies said mass moment of inertia of said wheel as a function of the angular velocity of said wheel.
3. The wheel of claim 1, wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid selectively modifies the mass moment of inertia of said wheel.
4. The wheel of claim 1, wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid tends to maintain the mass moment of inertia when said wheel is rotationally decelerating.
5. The wheel of claim 1 wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid is adapted to modify the magnitude of the wheel’s mass moment of inertia by up to at least about seven percent.
6. The wheel of claim 1, wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid is adapted to modify the magnitude of the wheel’s moment of inertia by up to at least about forty percent.
7. The wheel of claim 1 wherein said storing and transferring of said fluid is adapted to modify the magnitude of the wheel’s moment of inertia by up to at least about twenty-five percent.
8. A traction wheel having a variable mass moment of inertia, the traction wheel including:
a traction wheel including solid components and a fluid component;
said solid components including a circular shaped body having a hollow interior including a series of hollow segments adapted for storing and transferring a fluid component; and
wherein said hollow segments providing a means for altering an angular velocity of said circular shaped body of said wheel while said wheel is rotating.
9. The traction wheel of claim 8, wherein said altering means is capable of altering said angular velocity of said body relative to an alternative angular velocity of said body when said body is otherwise absent of said fluid component.
10. The traction wheel of claim 8, wherein said body rotates about an axis of rotation, and wherein said altering means includes a tube that is substantially concentric about said axis and that encloses said fluid component.
11. The traction wheel of claim 10, wherein said tube is partially filled with said fluid.
12. The traction wheel of claim 8, wherein said body rotates about an axis of rotation, and includes a floating ring disposed substantially concentric with said axis, and wherein said altering means includes a support ring disposed substantially concentric with said axis.
13. The traction wheel of claim 12, wherein said altering means further includes means for inducing said floating ring to rotate concurrently with said support rings.

1. A camshaft for use in an internal combustion engine, having a rotatably mounted shaft base body and a plurality of cam parts, each having an opening for its reception on the shaft base body, the shaft base body having a longitudinal profile, wherein
at least one cam part is received so as to be rotationally fixed and axially displaceable on the longitudinal profile of the shaft base body,
the at least one axially displaceable cam part forms a positive lock with the shaft base body in a circumferential direction with an internal profile corresponding to the longitudinal profile of the shaft base body,
at least one cam part being axially secured on an outside circumference of the shaft base body, and
the at least one cam part that is to be arranged axially fixed during assembly is pushed along the shaft base body across at least one receiving area for an axially displaceable cam part and then secured.
2. The camshaft according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal profile of the shaft base body has a conically expanding longitudinal profile.
3. The camshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft base body has a plurality of receiving areas having a longitudinal profile of identical outside diameter, wherein the at least one axially displaceable cam part is secured to one receiving area and at least one secured cam part is secured to another receiving area by means of an intermediate sleeve, which has radial play to the receiving areas and a larger outside diameter than an inside diameter of the cam part.
4. The camshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft base body has receiving areas for the at least one secured cam part and for at least one sleeve part provided with a longitudinal profile on its outside diameter.
5. The camshaft according to claim 4, characterized in that the receiving areas are provided on the identical outside diameter.
6. The camshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one axially displaceable cam part is formed out of two cams axially spaced apart from one another.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A digital imaging apparatus comprising:
a body comprising;
a display unit configured to output an image signal as an image;
an image processor configured to generate the image signal;
an image encoder configured to generate an encoded signal; and
a communicator configured to transmit data to and receive data from an outside apparatus;

a user input unit comprising an image input unit configured to generate and output an outside image signal that corresponds to an outside image and is not encoded or compressed; and
a data interface configured to receive the outside image signal from the user input unit, and transmit the outside image signal to the image processor and the image encoder,
wherein the display unit is further configured to receive the image signal from the image processor, and
the image encoder is further configured to generate the encoded signal based on the outside image signal, which is received from the data interface, and transmit the encoded signal to the communicator in a predetermined format.
2. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body further comprises:
a vision processor configured to recognize a user based on the outside image signal that is received through the data interface.
3. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the outside image signal is generated at the image input unit to have a constant frame rate regardless of a change of a luminance of surroundings of the user.
4. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein the user input unit further comprises:
an infrared light source configured to increase the luminance of the surroundings of the user; and
a light source controller configured to obtain the luminance of the surroundings of the user based on an amount of a change in a resistance of the image input unit, and to turn on the infrared light source when the obtained luminance is below a reference value.
5. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein the user input unit further comprises:
an infrared light source configured to increase the luminance of the surroundings of the user; and
a light source controller configured to obtain the luminance of the surroundings of the user by analyzing the outside image that is input through the image input unit, and to turn on the infrared light source in a case when the luminance obtained is below a predetermined reference value.
6. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein the user input unit further comprises:
a luminance sensor configured to detect the luminance of the surroundings of the user;
an infrared light source configured to increase the luminance of the surroundings of the user; and
a light source controller configured to obtain the luminance of the surroundings of the user based on an output value of the luminance sensor, and to turn on the infrared light source when the luminance obtained is below a reference value.
7. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 4, wherein:
the light source controller is configured to control an intensity of the infrared light source according to the obtained luminance.
8. A digital imaging apparatus comprising:
a body comprising;
a display unit configured to output an image signal as an image;
a Motion Joint Photographic Experts Group (MJPEG) decoder; and
an image encoder configured to generate an encoded signal;
an image processor configured to generate the image signal; and
a communicator configured to transmit data to and receive data from an outside apparatus;

a user input unit comprising an image input unit configured to generate an outside image signal that corresponds to an outside image, and an MJPEG encoder configured to compress the outside image signal into an MJPEG compressed outside image signal; and
a data interface configured to receive the MJPEG compressed outside image signal, and transmit the MJPEG compressed outside image signal to the MJPEG decoder,
wherein the MJPEG decoder is configured to decode the MJPEG compressed outside image signal received from the data interface into a decoded outside image signal,
the display is further configured to output the image signal based on the decoded outside image signal, and
the image encoder is further configured to generate the encoded signal based on the outside image signal, and transmit the encoded signal to the communicator in a predetermined format.
9. The digital imaging apparatus of claim 8, wherein:
the body further comprises a vision processor configured to recognize a user based on the decoded outside image signal.
10. A method of controlling a digital imaging apparatus, the method comprising:
generating by a user input unit an outside image signal corresponding to an outside image;
transmitting the generated outside image signal to a body of the digital imaging apparatus through a data interface in a form that is not encoded or compressed;
receiving at the body the outside image signal transmitted through the data interface;
recognizing a user based on the outside image signal that is not encoded or compressed;
executing an application of the digital imaging apparatus based on a result of the recognizing;
displaying an image based on the outside image signal that is not encoded or compressed;
compressing the outside image signal into a compressed outside image signal; and
transmitting the compressed outside image signal to an outside apparatus.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein:
the outside image signal generated by the user input unit is provided with a constant frame rate regardless of a change of a luminance of surroundings of the user.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the user input unit includes an infrared light source configured to enhance the luminance of the surroundings,
wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining the luminance of the surroundings of the user based on an amount of a change in the resistance of the user input unit; and
turning on the infrared light source when the luminance obtained is below a reference value.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the user input unit includes an infrared light source configured to enhance the luminance of the surroundings, and
wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining the luminance of the surroundings of the user by analyzing the outside image; and
turning on the infrared light source when the obtained luminance is below a predetermined reference value.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the user input unit includes a luminance sensor configured to detect the luminance of the surroundings of the user and an infrared light source configured to enhance the luminance of the surroundings of the user,
wherein the method further comprises:
obtaining the luminance of the surroundings of the user based on an output value of the luminance sensor; and
turning on the infrared light source when the luminance obtained is below a predetermined reference value.
15. A method of controlling a digital imaging apparatus, the method comprising:
generating by an user input unit an outside image signal corresponding to an outside image;
compressing the outside image signal by using a Motion Joint Photographic Experts Group (MJPEG) encoder into an MJPEG compressed outside image signal;
transmitting the MJPEG compressed outside image signal to a body of the digital imaging apparatus through a data interface;
receiving at the body the MJPEG compressed outside image signal transmitted through the data interface and decoding the MJPEG compressed outside image signal by using an MJPEG decoder into a decoded outside image signal;
recognizing a user based on the decoded outside image signal, and executing an application of the digital imaging apparatus based on a result of the recognizing;
displaying an image based on the decoded outside image signal;
compressing the decoded outside image signal into a compressed outside image signal; and
transmitting the compressed outside image signal to an outside apparatus.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
compressing the decoded outside image signal in a predetermined format and transmitting the outside image signal compressed in the predetermined format to an opposite user.
17. An imaging apparatus comprising:
an image photographing device configured to photograph an outside image and generate an outside image signal corresponding to the outside image;
a data interface configured to receive the outside image signal from the image photographing device and to transmit the outside image signal to the body; and
a body comprising;
a display unit configured to receive the outside image signal from the data interface and output the image signal in the form of an image;
an image encoder configured to receive the outside image signal from the data interface and compress the outside image signal into an encoded signal; and
a communicator configured to transmit the encoded signal to an outside apparatus.