Author: claimsbot

1. A method of administering an ablation treatment to a patient, comprising:
compressing a portion of a patient target tissue with a bipolar clamp assembly, the clamp assembly comprising a first jaw having a first electrode mechanism and a first face and a second jaw having a second electrode mechanism and a second face, such that the first jaw face and the second jaw face are separated by less than about 5 mm; and
applying a high voltage pulse regimen to the tissue with the bipolar clamp ablation assembly, wherein the pulse regimen comprises a plurality of 500-1000 volt pulses each having a duration of between about 0.02 msec and about 0.1 msec, and wherein the pulses are delivered at a frequency comprising a pulse number within a range from about 5 to about 50 pulses discharged over a time interval within a range from about 1 to about 60 seconds.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the patient tissue comprises a plurality of myocardial cells, and the ablation treatment is sufficient to kill the plurality of myocardial cells between the jaw faces.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the patient tissue comprises a plurality of myocardial cells, and the ablation treatment is sufficient to irreversible damage the plurality of myocardial cells.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the portion of patient tissue comprises a strip of tissue between the first jaw face and the second jaw face, and wherein the ablation treatment is sufficient to create a lesion within the strip of tissue, the lesion having a maximum width disposed midway between the first jaw face and the second jaw face.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first jaw face comprises a first electrode having a width of about 2 mm and the second jaw face comprises a second electrode having a width of about 2 mm, and wherein the maximum width of the lesion is about 10 mm or less.
6. A method of administering an ablation treatment to a patient, comprising:
placing a return pad at a location on the patient’s skin;
placing an ablation assembly at a patient target tissue, the ablation assembly comprising a first electrode mechanism and a second electrode mechanism;
applying a high voltage pulse regimen to the tissue between the first and second electrode mechanism with the ablation assembly, wherein the pulse regimen comprises a plurality of 1000-2000 volt pulses each having a duration of between about 0.02 msec and about 0.1 msec, and wherein the pulses are delivered at a frequency comprising a pulse number within a range from about 5 to about 50 pulses discharged over a time interval within a range from about 1 to about 60 seconds.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the patient tissue comprises a plurality of myocardial cells, and the ablation treatment is sufficient to kill at least a portion of the plurality of myocardial cells located within about 5 mm of either of the first electrode mechanism or the second electrode mechanism.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the patient tissue comprises a plurality of myocardial cells, and the ablation treatment is sufficient to irreversible damage the plurality of myocardial cells.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the high voltage pulse regimen comprises multiple volt pulses each having an amplitude of about 1000 volts and a pulse width of about 0.05 msec.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the high voltage pulse regimen is sufficient to ablate the target tissue to a depth of about 5 mm.
11. The method according to claim 6, wherein the high voltage pulse regimen comprises multiple volt pulses each having an amplitude of about 2000 volts and a pulse width of about 0.05 msec.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the high voltage pulse regimen is sufficient to ablate the target tissue to a depth of about 10 mm.
13. The method according to claim 6, wherein the tissue has a thickness of about 10 mm and the ablation treatment is sufficient to create a lesion within the tissue, the lesion comprising a substantially semicircular cross-section.
14. The method according to claim 6, wherein the tissue comprises a thickness and the ablation treatment is sufficient to create a lesion within the tissue, the lesion having a width of about twice the tissue thickness.
15. The method according to claim 6, wherein the tissue comprises an atrial wall tissue having a thickness of about 4 mm and the ablation treatment is sufficient to create a lesion within the tissue, the lesion having a width of about 8 mm.
16. The method according to claim 6, wherein application of the high voltage pulse regimen results in little or no cellular damage in the patient’s skin near the return pad.
17. The method according to claim 6, wherein application of the high voltage pulse regimen results in a voltage gradient of about 10Vcm or lower at the patient’s skin near the return pad.
18. A method of administering an ablation treatment to a patient, comprising:
placing a return pad at a location on the patient’s skin;
placing an ablation assembly at a patient target tissue, the ablation assembly comprising a first electrode mechanism and a second electrode mechanism, wherein the first and second electrode mechanisms are spaced more than about 2 cm apart;
applying a high voltage pulse regimen to the tissue between the first and second electrode mechanisms with the ablation assembly, wherein the pulse regimen comprises a plurality of 1500-3000 volt pulses each having a duration of between about 0.02 msec and about 0.1 msec.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the patient tissue comprises a plurality of myocardial cells, and the ablation treatment is sufficient to kill at least a portion of the plurality of myocardial cells located within about 5 mm of each of the first electrode mechanism and the second electrode mechanism.
20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the pulses are delivered at a frequency comprising a pulse number within a range from about 5 to about 50 pulses discharged over a time interval within a range from about 1 to about 60 seconds.
21.-60. (canceled)

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A wiper blade comprising:
a wiper strip having an elongated structure and configured to wipe a wiping surface; and
a holder member consisting of an injection molded member made of a resin material and directly or indirectly holding the wiper strip, wherein:
the wiper strip is located on a lower side of the holder member in a top-to-bottom direction of the holder member;
the holder member includes an opening that is placed in a center portion of the holder member in a longitudinal direction of the holder member and extends through the holder member in the top-to-bottom direction;
a connecting shaft is held by the holder member in the opening of the holder member to extend through the opening of the holder member;
the connecting shaft is adapted to be connected to a connecting portion of a wiper arm through a connecting member, which is received in the opening of the holder member, and the holder member is adapted to accommodate the wiper arm such that the wiper arm extends from the connecting portion of the wiper arm toward a base end side portion of the holder member and overlaps with an upper surface of the holder member when the connecting shaft is connected to the connecting portion of the wiper arm through the connecting member;
a gate trace, which has a shape that corresponds to a shape of a gate of a molding die used to mold the holder member, is formed in a portion of the upper surface of the holder member, which is adjacent to a base end side portion of the opening and is adapted to be opposed to and beneath the wiper arm in the top-to-bottom direction when the connecting shaft is connected to the connecting portion of the wiper arm through the connecting member;
the connecting shall, extends in an axial direction and has first and second end portions arranged on opposing ends of the connecting shaft in the axial direction of the connecting shaft,
each first and second end portion includes a flange portion embedded in the holder member, and a step portion that is located on an axially inner side of the flange portion in the axial direction of the connecting shaft; and
an axially inner end surface of each of the step portions of the connecting shaft is flush with a corresponding exposed inner surface of one of the first and second side walls in the opening of the holder member.
2. The wiper blade according to claim 1, wherein:
the connecting shaft is made of a metal material; and
the connecting shaft is integrally insert molded as an insert in first and second side walls of the holder member, which are opposed to each other and are exposed to the opening of the holder member, so that the connecting shaft extends through the opening of the holder member.
3. The wiper blade according to claim 2, wherein the connecting member is adapted to be connected to the connecting portion of the wiper arm, which is formed in a distal end portion of the wiper arm and is configured into a hook form that opens toward the base end side portion of the opening of the holder member.
4. The wiper blade according to claim 2, wherein each of first and second end portions of the connecting shaft, which are opposed to each other in an axial direction of the connecting shaft, includes:
a flange portion that is embedded in the holder member; and
a step portion that is located on an axially inner side of the flange portion in the axial direction of the connecting shaft and is used to position the connecting shaft in place at the time of insert molding.
5. The wiper blade according to claim 4, wherein an axially inner end surface of each of the step portions of the connecting shaft is generally flush with an inner surface of a corresponding one of the first and second side walls, which are exposed in the opening of the holder member.
6. The wiper blade according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing portion is provided in the base end side portion of the opening of the holder member to extend between the first and second side walls in a widthwise direction of the holder member, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the holder member and is generally parallel to the wiping surface.
7. The wiper blade according to claim 1, wherein the gate trace is a single gate trace, which is formed in a longitudinal center portion of the holder member.
8. A wiper blade comprising:
a wiper strip that is elongated and is adapted to wipe a wiping surface; and
a holder member consisting of an injection molded member made of a resin material and directly or indirectly holding the wiper strip, wherein:
the wiper strip is located on a lower side of the holder member in a top-to-bottom direction of the holder member;
the holder member includes:
an opening that is placed in a center portion of the holder member in a longitudinal direction of the holder member and extends through the holder member in the top-to-bottom direction;
first and second side walls that are opposed to each other and are exposed to the opening of the holder member; and
an upper wall that is placed at an upper side of the holder member in the top-to-bottom direction at a location adjacent to the opening of the holder member and connects between the first and second side walls,
the opening receives a connecting member, which is adapted to be connected to a wiper arm;
a connecting shaft, to which the connecting member is installed, is held by the first and second side walls and extends through the opening of the holder member;
an arm accommodation portion is formed in the upper wall on a base end side of the opening in the longitudinal direction of the holder member to accommodate the wiper arm such that the wiper arm overlaps with an upper surface of the upper wall when the wiper arm is connected to the connecting member;
a gate trace, which has a shape that corresponds to a shape of a gate of a molding die used to mold the holder member, is formed in the arm accommodation portion and underneath the wiper arm;
each of first and second end portions of the connecting shaft, which are opposed to each other in an axial direction of the connecting shaft, includes:
a flange portion that is embedded in the holder member; and
a step portion that is located on an axially inner side of the flange portion in the axial direction of the connecting shaft and is used to position the connecting shaft in place at the time of insert molding; and

an axially inner end surface of each of the step portions of the connecting shaft is flush with an inner surface of a corresponding one of the first and second side walls, which are exposed in the opening of the holder member.
9. The wiper blade according to claim 8, wherein the connecting member is adapted to be connected to a connecting portion of the wiper arm, which is formed in a distal end portion of the wiper arm and is configured into a hook form that opens toward a base end side portion of the opening of the holder member.
10. The wiper blade according to claim 8, wherein a reinforcing portion is provided in a base end side portion of the opening of the holder member to extend between the first and second side walls in a widthwise direction of the holder member, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the holder member and is generally parallel to the wiping surface.
11. The wiper blade according to claim 8, wherein the arm accommodation portion is a recess that is recessed in the holder member in the top-to-bottom direction.
12. The wiper blade according to claim 8, wherein the gate trace is a single gate trace, which is formed in a longitudinal center portion of the holder member.

1. A transport conveyor for particulate materials comprising:
a vehicle mounted on ground wheels for movement in a direction of travel;
a transport conveyor duct mounted on the vehicle and arranged such that in an operating position the duct extends generally transversely of the direction of travel with a feed end of the duct projecting outwardly beyond one side of the vehicle, with a discharge end projecting outwardly beyond the opposite side of the vehicle and with the discharge end raised above the feed end;
and a transport conveyor element within the duct for transporting the material from the feed end to the discharge end and for elevating the material to the height of the discharge end for discharge therefrom into a receptacle below the discharge end.
2. The conveyor according to claim 1 wherein the vehicle comprises a trailer having a hitch at a forward end and ground wheels behind the hitch.
3. The conveyor according to claim 1 wherein the duct is moveable from the operating position to a transport position extending longitudinally of the vehicle and maintained within the width of the vehicle.
4. The conveyor according to claim 3 wherein the duct includes a latch construction arranged such the duct is latched in the operating position.
5. The conveyor according to claim 3 wherein the duct is rotatable on a support member carried on the vehicle about a vertical axis from the operating position to the transport position.
6. The conveyor according to claim 5 wherein the duct is pivotal on support member about a horizontal axis allowing the feed end to be raised and lowered.
7. The conveyor according to claim 6 wherein the vehicle includes a first holder for locating the duct in the transport position and a second holder for locating the duct in the operating position and the duct is moved to the respective holder by rotating about the vertical axis and dropped into the respective holder by pivoting about the horizontal axis.
8. The conveyor according to claim 1 wherein there is provided a receptacle at the feed end and carried thereby for receiving material to be transported and feeding the material to the feed end.
9. The conveyor according to claim 8 wherein the receptacle is shaped and arranged to act as a pick up for picking up the material from the ground as the receptacle is moved along the ground in the direction of travel of the vehicle.
10. The conveyor according to claim 8 wherein the receptacle has a rear wall, two end walls and an open front.
11. The conveyor according to claim 8 wherein the receptacle has a rotatable member therein at front edge for assisting in moving the material which is picked up to the feed end.
12. The conveyor according to claim 11 wherein the rotatable member comprises an auger.
13. The conveyor according to claim 8 wherein the receptacle is mounted on the feed end for pivotal movement up and down relative to the feed end to follow the ground contour.
14. The conveyor according to claim 13 wherein receptacle extends from the feed end inwardly therefrom to an inner end free to float upwardly and downwardly relative to the feed end.
15. The conveyor according to claim 8 wherein the receptacle is readily removable and replaceable by a hopper.
16. The conveyor according to claim 1 wherein the duct comprises a tube and the conveyor element comprises an auger flight.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

I claim:

1. A method of compressing a digital representation of an image into a one-dimensional bitstream, the digital representation comprising a two-dimensional array of pixels wherein a primary color component and secondary color components are associated with each pixel, the method comprising:
representing the image in a series of quality scales of progressively decreasing quality, wherein a higher quality scale comprises more data than a lower quality scale, and wherein lower quality scales are formed from higher quality scales by decreasing the number of stored color components or by decreasing the number of pixels;
representing the image in terms of quality scales in terms of a base quality scale image and differential images wherein a differential image at a given quality scale is the difference between the image at the given quality scale and a representation of the image scaled up from a reconstructed representation at the adjacent lower quality scale, the reconstructed representation determined by a process comprising;
transforming the image into a set of coefficients associated with known functions,
quantizing the set of coefficients by dividing by quantization values and rounding to integer values,
dequantizing the set of quantized coefficients by multiplying by the quantization values, and
performing the inverse transform associated with the known functions to produce a reconstructed representation;

representing the base quality scale image and the differential images as integer values by a process comprising transforming to a set of coefficients associated with known functions and quantizing the set of coefficients by dividing by quantization values and rounding to integer values; and
encoding the integer values corresponding to the lowest quality scale and the differential images by a lossless ordered statistics encoding process to produce a one-dimensional bitstream.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the primary color component is green and the secondary color components are red and blue.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the primary color component is luminance and the secondary color components are chrominances.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the series of quality scales comprises quality scales selected from the group consisting of a first quality scale wherein all color components are present at each pixel; a second quality scale wherein the primary color component and one secondary color component are present at each pixel; a third quality scale wherein a primary color component is present at each pixel and quadruple as many primary color components as each secondary color component are present; a fourth quality scale wherein one color component is present at each pixel and twice as many primary components as secondary components are present; a fifth quality scale derived from the first quality scale by reducing the number of pixels in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction by dividing each dimension by an integral factor; a sixth quality scale derived from the fourth quality scale, wherein the primary color component and one secondary color component are present at each pixel; and a sixth quality scale derived from the fourth quality scale, wherein a primary color component is present at each pixel and quadruple as many primary color components as each secondary color component are present.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein transforming to a set of coefficients associated with known functions is applying a two-dimensional transform, the two-dimensional transform combining frequency transform features and multi-resolution transform features.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein applying the two-dimensional transform comprises applying a one-dimensional transform to rows of the two-dimensional array of pixels and applying the one-dimensional transform to columns of the two-dimensional array of pixels.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the one-dimensional transform is defined from a discrete cosine transform and a permutation function whereby the output elements of the transform are separated into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing lower scales of representation of input to the transform.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the one-dimensional transform is defined recursively.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the one-dimensional transform is the discrete wavelet cosine transform.
10. The method of claim 1 further comprising dividing the lowest quality scale representation and the differential images into blocks of dimension M by M wherein M is an integral power of 2 before transforming to a set of coefficients.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising forming a block of dimension M by M from a block of dimension J by K, wherein J and K are not integral powers of 2, by adding elements to the block of dimension J by K such that the set of coefficients after transformation has at most JK nonzero values.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the lossless ordered statistics encoding process comprises context prediction of quantized coefficients, ordering, and arithmetic encoding, wherein context prediction is performed separately for each color component, and wherein for the primary color component, the context comprises a positional index and neighboring coefficients of primary color pixels, for a first secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, coefficients of neighboring first secondary color components, and the coefficient of the primary color component of the same positional index, and for a second secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, neighboring second secondary color coefficients, and the coefficients of the primary and first secondary color components of the same positional index.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein context prediction divides the quantized coefficients into groups, wherein a first group comprises the coefficient corresponding to a lowest positional index, a second group comprises a first row of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, a third group comprises a first column of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, and a fourth group comprises the remaining coefficients, and wherein the context is different for each group.
14. The method of claim 5 wherein the lossless ordered statistics encoding process comprises context prediction, ordering the two-dimensional array of pixels into a one-dimensional array, and arithmetic encoding, wherein ordering comprises partitioning the two-dimensional array into four equally sized regions ordered as upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right, and repeatedly partitioning each region into four equally sized subregions ordered as upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right until a subregion is one pixel by one pixel in size.
15. A method of reconstructing a digital representation of an image compressed by the method of claim 1, the reconstruction method comprising:
recovering context prediction probability tables used in compression;
decoding integer values corresponding to the base quality scale representation and the differential images;
reverse ordering each decoded integer value to a two-dimensional position in an array of pixels;
multiplying each decoded integer value corresponding to the base quality scale and the differential images by the quantization value;
performing the inverse transform associated with the known functions to reconstruct the digital representation of the base quality scale and the differential images;
upscaling the digital representation of an image at a lower quality scale to the next higher quality scale; and
adding a differential image at a given quality scale to the upscaled image at the given quality scale to reconstruct the digital representation at the given quality scale.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein for a primary color component, a context used in context prediction tables comprises a positional index and neighboring coefficients of primary color pixels, for a first secondary color component, a context comprises a positional index, coefficients of neighboring first secondary color components, and the coefficient of the primary color component of the same positional index, and for a second secondary color component, a context comprises a positional index, neighboring second secondary color coefficients, and the coefficients of the primary and first secondary color components of the same positional index.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein context prediction tables are associated with quantized coefficients considered in groups, wherein a first group comprises the coefficient corresponding to a lowest positional index, a second group comprises a first row of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, a third group comprises a first column of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, and a fourth group comprises the remaining coefficients, and wherein the context is different for each group.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the inverse transform associated with the known functions is the inverse of a transform combining frequency transform features and multi-resolution transform features.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the inverse transform is defined recursively from an inverse discrete cosine transform and a permutation function, and wherein the input elements of the inverse transform are separated into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing lower scales of representation of input to the transform.
20. The method of claim 19 wherein the inverse transform is an inverse discrete wavelet transform.
21. A sequence of subsampling representations of decreasing length for compressing a digital representation of an image, the digital representation comprising a two-dimensional array of pixels wherein a primary color component and secondary color components are associated with each pixel, the sequence comprising:
a first subsampling representation wherein all color components are present at each pixel;
a second subsampling representation wherein the primary color component and one secondary color component are present at each pixel;
a third subsampling representation wherein a primary color component is present at each pixel and quadruple as many primary color components as each secondary color components are present;
a fourth subsampling representation derived from the first subsampling representation by reducing the number of pixels in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction by dividing each dimension of the two-dimensional array by an integral factor;
a fifth subsampling representation derived from the fourth subsampling representation wherein the primary color component and one secondary color component are present at each pixel; and
a sixth subsampling representation derived from the fourth subsampling representation wherein a primary color component is present at each pixel and quadruple as many primary color components as each secondary color component are present.
22. A sequence of subsampling representations of decreasing length for compressing a digital representation of an image, the digital representation comprising a two-dimensional array of pixels wherein a primary color component and secondary color components are associated with each pixel, the sequence comprising:
a first subsampling representation wherein all color components are present at each pixel;
a second subsampling representation wherein the primary color component and one secondary color component are present at each pixel;
a third subsampling representation wherein a primary color component is present at each pixel and quadruple as many primary color components as each secondary color components are present; and
a fourth subsampling representation wherein one color component is present at each pixel and twice as many primary components as secondary components are present.
23. A context prediction method for forming probability tables for use in an entropy encoding process in compressing a digital representation of an image into a bitstream, the digital representation comprising a two-dimensional array of pixels wherein a primary color component and secondary color components are associated with each pixel, the context prediction method comprising:
determining separate contexts for each color component, wherein for a primary color component, the context comprises a positional index and neighboring coefficients of primary color pixels, for a first secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, coefficients of neighboring first secondary color components, and the coefficient of the primary color component of the same positional index, and for a second secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, neighboring second secondary color coefficients, and the coefficients of the primary and first secondary color components of the same positional index.
24. An apparatus comprising instructions for performing a method of compressing a digital representation of an image into a one-dimensional bitstream, the digital representation comprising a two.-dimensional array of pixels wherein a primary color component and secondary color components are associated with each pixel, the method comprising:
representing the image in a series of quality scales of progressively decreasing quality, wherein a higher quality scale comprises more data than a lower quality scale, and wherein lower quality scales are formed from higher quality scales by decreasing the number of stored color components or by decreasing the number of pixels;
representing the image in terms of quality scales in terms of a base quality scale image and differential images wherein a differential image at a given quality scale is the difference between the image at the given quality scale and a representation of the image scaled up from a reconstructed representation at the adjacent lower quality scale, the reconstructed representation determined by a process comprising;
transforming the image into a set of coefficients associated with known functions,
quantizing the set of coefficients by dividing by quantization values and rounding to integer values,
dequantizing the set of quantized coefficients by multiplying by the quantization values, and
performing the inverse transform associated with the known functions to produce a reconstructed representation;

representing the base quality scale image and the differential images as integer values by a process comprising transforming to a set of coefficients associated with known functions and quantizing the set of coefficients by dividing by quantization values and rounding to integer values; and
encoding the integer values corresponding to the lowest quality scale representation and the differential images by a lossless ordered statistics encoding process to produce a one-dimensional bitstream.
25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein transforming to a set of coefficients associated with known functions is applying a transform defined recursively from a discrete cosine transform and a permutation function whereby the output elements of the transform are separated into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing lower scales of representation of input to the transform.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the transform is a discrete wavelet cosine transform.
27. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein the lossless ordered statistics encoding process comprises context prediction of quantized coefficients, ordering, and arithmetic encoding, wherein context prediction is performed separately for each color component, and wherein for the primary color component, the context comprises a positional index and neighboring coefficients of primary color pixels, for a first secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, coefficients of neighboring first secondary color components, and the coefficient of the primary color component of the same positional index, and for a second secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, neighboring second secondary color coefficients, and the coefficients of the primary and first secondary color components of the same positional index.
28. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein context prediction divides the quantized coefficients into groups, wherein a first group comprises the coefficient corresponding to a lowest positional index, a second group comprises a first row of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, a third group comprises a first column of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, and a fourth group comprises the remaining coefficients, and wherein the context is different for each group.
29. An apparatus comprising instructions for providing a compact representation of digital data for use in compressing a digital representation of an image into a one dimensional bitstream, the instructions comprising instructions for:
transforming the data by a transform combining frequency transform features and multi-resolution transform features wherein the transform is defined recursively from a discrete cosine transform and a permutation function whereby the output elements of the transform are separated into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing lower scales of representation of input to the transform; and
storing the output elements on a digital storage medium.
30. An apparatus comprising instructions for reconstructing a digital representation of an image compressed by the method of claim 1, the instructions comprising instructions for:
recovering context prediction probability tables used in compression;
decoding integer values corresponding to the base quality scale representation and the differential images;
reverse ordering each decoded integer value to a two-dimensional position in an array of pixels;
multiplying each decoded integer value corresponding to the base quality scale and the differential images by the quantization value;
performing the inverse transform associated with the known functions to reconstruct the digital representation of the base quality scale and the differential images;
upscaling the digital representation of an image at a lower quality scale to the next higher quality scale; and
adding a differential image at a given quality scale to the upscaled image at the given quality scale to reconstruct the digital representation at the given quality scale.
31. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein for the primary color component, the context used in context prediction tables comprises a positional index and neighboring coefficients of primary color pixels, for a first secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, coefficients of neighboring first secondary color components, and the coefficient of the primary color component of the same positional index, and for a second secondary color component, the context comprises a positional index, neighboring second secondary color coefficients, and the coefficients of the primary and first secondary color components of the same positional index.
32. The apparatus of claim 31 wherein context prediction tables are associated with quantized coefficients considered in groups, wherein a first group comprises the coefficient corresponding to a lowest positional index, a second group comprises a first row of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, a third group comprises a first column of coefficients excluding the first group coefficient, and a fourth group comprises the remaining coefficients, and wherein the context is different for each group.
33. The apparatus of claim 30 wherein the inverse transform associated with the known functions is the inverse of a transform combining frequency transform features and multi-resolution transform features.
34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the inverse transform is defined recursively from an inverse discrete cosine transform and a permutation function, and wherein the input elements of the inverse transform are separated into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion containing lower scales of representation of input to the transform.
35. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein the inverse transform is an inverse discrete wavelet transform.