Author: claimsbot

What is claimed is:

1. A composition comprising a triggerable cationic polymer and a divalent metal salt capable of forming a complex anion.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnX2, MgX2, and CaX2, wherein X is a halogen atom.
3. The composition of claim 2, wherein said halogen atom is selected from Cl, Br and I.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnCl2, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
5. A composition comprising a triggerable cationic polymer and a compound selected from ZnX2, MgX2, and CaX2, wherein X is a halogen atom.
6. The composition of claim 5, wherein said halogen atom is selected from Cl, Br and I.
7. The composition of claim 1, wherein said compound is selected from ZnCl2, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
8. The composition of claim 1, wherein said polymer comprises a cationic monomer and at least one water insoluble, hydrophobic monomer.
9. The composition of claim 8, wherein said polymer is formed by the polymerization of unsaturated vinyl monomers.
10. The composition of claim 8, where said cationic monomer is selected from 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, N,N-diallyldimethylammonium chloride, acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, acryloxyethyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, methacryloxyethyldimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloxyethyltrimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and quaternized vinyl pyridine.
11. The composition of claim 8, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is selected from n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
12. The composition of claim 8, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is selected from n-alkyl, branched alkyl, acrylamide, and acrylic esters.
13. The composition of claim 8, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is an n-alkyl or branched vinyl function monomer.
14. The composition of claim 8 further comprising a hydrophilic or water-soluble nonionic monomer.
15. The composition of claim 14, wherein said hydrophilic or water-soluble nonionic monomer is selected from acrylamide, methacrylamide, substituted acrylamides, substituted methacrylamides, hydroxyalkyl acrylates, hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, polyethyleneglycol acrylates, polyethyleneglycol methacrylates, and vinyl pyrrolidone.
16. A composition comprising a triggerable cationic polymer comprising 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and a divalent metal salt capable of forming a complex anion.
17. The composition of claim 16, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnX2, MgX2, and CaX2, wherein X is a halogen atom.
18. The composition of claim 17, wherein said halogen atom is selected from Cl, Br and I.
19. The composition of claim 16, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnCl2, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
20. A binder composition for binding fibrous material into an integral web, said binder composition comprising the polymer of claim 1.
21. A nonwoven fabric comprising fibrous material and a binder material, said binder material comprising the polymer of claim 1.
22. A fibrous substrate comprising:
fibrous material; and
a binder composition for binding said fibrous material into an integral web, said binder composition comprising a triggerable cationic polymer and a divalent metal salt capable of forming a complex anion.
23. The fibrous substrate of claim 22, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnX2, MgX2, and CaX2, wherein X is a halogen atom.
24. The fibrous substrate of claim 23, wherein said halogen atom is selected from Cl, Br and I.
25. The fibrous substrate of claim 22, wherein said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnCl2, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
26. The fibrous substrate of claim 22, wherein said polymer comprises a cationic monomer and at least one water insoluble, hydrophobic monomer.
27. The fibrous substrate of claim 26, where said cationic monomer is selected from 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, N,N-diallyldimethylammonium chloride, acryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, acryloxyethyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, methaoryloxyethyldimethyl ammonium chloride, methacryloxyethyltrimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and quaternized vinyl pyridine.
28. The fibrous substrate of claim 26, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is selected from n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
29. The fibrous substrate of claim 26, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is selected from n-alkyl, branched alkyl, acrylamide, and acrylic esters.
30. The fibrous substrate of claim 26, wherein said water insoluble hydrophobic monomer is an n-alkyl or branched vinyl function monomer.
31. The fibrous substrate of claim 26 further comprising at least one hydrophilic or water-soluble nonionic monomer.
32. The fibrous substrate of claim 31, wherein said hydrophilic or water-soluble nonionic monomer is selected from acrylamide, methacrylamide, substituted acrylamides, substituted methacrylamides, hydroxyalkyl acrylates, hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, polyethyleneglycol acrylates, polyethyleneglycol methacrylates, and vinyl pyrrolidone.
33. The fibrous substrate of claim 22, wherein said cationic polymer comprises 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, n-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and said divalent metal salt is selected from ZnCl2, MgCl2, and CaCl2.
34. A fibrous substrate comprising:
fibrous material; and
a binder composition for binding said fibrous material into an integral web, said binder composition comprising a triggerable cationic polymer and a divalent metal ion that is capable of forming a complex anion.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An enhanced radio receiver system for reducing harmonic interference effects induced by analog-to-digital (AD) conversion within one or more selected channels, comprising:
an AD converter having a dynamically controllable sample rate, the AD converter operable to generate a digital data stream by sampling analog signals in a frequency band at the dynamically controllable sample rate to maintain the Nyquist criterion; and
a signal processor for processing the digital data stream to control the sample rate of the AD converter such that harmonics of a signal within the frequency band are outside the selected channels.
2. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 1, wherein the signal processor comprises a channel demodulator for decoding the channels within the frequency band.
3. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 2, wherein the signal processor comprises a signal level indicator for determining signal strengths in the frequency band.
4. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 2, wherein the signal processor comprises a sample rate calculator for selecting the sample rate by feedback with the AD converter.
5. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 1, further comprising means for inputting the selected channels to the signal processor.
6. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 1, further comprising analog signal circuitry for selecting the frequency band from radio signals input to the enhanced radio receiver system.
7. A method for reducing harmonic interference effects within one or more selected channels of a frequency band and induced by analog-to-digital conversion, the method comprising:
dynamically controlling a sample rate within an analog to digital conversion process that generates a digital data stream from analog signals in the frequency band, the sample rate controlled such that it is at least twice the frequency of an upper limit of the frequency band; and
processing the digital data stream to determine the sample rate such that harmonics of a strong signal within the frequency band are outside the selected channels.
8. A method of claim 7, further comprising filtering radio signals within the frequency band.
9. An enhanced radio receiver, comprising:
an analog to digital converter having a dynamically controllable sample rate, for generating a digital data stream from a frequency band of radio signals;
a channel demodulator for demodulating one or more selected channels within the frequency band;
a signal level indicator for measuring signal strengths at frequencies in the frequency band; and
a sample rate calculator for controlling the sample rate in response to the digital data stream from the analog to digital converter such that harmonics of a strong signal within the frequency band are outside the selected channels.
10. An enhanced radio receiver system for reducing harmonic interference effects induced by analog-to-digital (AD) conversion within one or more selected channels, comprising:
an analog circuitry stage having an output and an input configured to receive a first signal from an antenna, the analog circuitry stage operable to convert the first signal to a second signal at the output of the analog circuitry stage, the first signal having a wavelength corresponding to a Radio Frequency (RF) band that is detectable by the antenna, the second signal having a wavelength corresponding to an Intermediate Frequency (IF) band;
front end circuitry included in the analog circuitry stage, the front end circuitry coupled to the input of the analog circuitry stage and operable to receive the first signal and to generate a third signal in the RF band;
a frequency translator included in the analog circuitry stage, the frequency translator coupled to the output of the analog circuitry stage and operable to translate the third signal in the RF band to the second signal in the IF band;
a local oscillator (LO) included in the frequency translator, the LO operable to generate a fourth signal in the IF band;
a mixer included in the frequency translator, the mixer coupled to the front end circuitry and the LO, the mixer operable to mix the third signal in the RF band and the fourth signal in the IF band to produce a fifth signal having both RF band and IF band components;
a low pass filter included in the frequency translator and coupled to the mixer, the low pass filter operable to reject the RF band components of the fifth signal to produce the second signal in the IF band;
an AD converter coupled to the output of the analog circuitry stage, the AD converter operable to sample the second signal at a fixed sample rate to generate a digital data stream at an output of the AD converter; and
a signal processor coupled to the output of the AD converter and to an input of the LO, the signal processor operable to process the digital data stream and further operable to control the frequency of the LO such that harmonics of a strong signal within the IF band are outside the selected channels.
11. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 10, wherein the signal processor comprises a channel demodulator for demodulating the channels within the intermediate frequency band.
12. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 11, wherein the signal processor comprises a signal level indicator for determining signal strengths at frequencies in the intermediate frequency band.
13. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 11, wherein the signal processor comprises an oscillator frequency calculator for selecting the frequency of the dynamically controlled local oscillator by feedback with the frequency translator.
14. An enhanced radio receiver system of claim 10, further comprising means for inputting the selected channels to the signal processor.
15. A device comprising:
an antenna operable to detect radio signals in an input frequency band;
a local oscillator operable to generate a first signal having a first frequency in an intermediate frequency band at an output of the local oscillator;
a mixer coupled to the output of the local oscillator, the mixer operable to combine the first signal and a second signal to generate a third signal at an output of the mixer, the second signal including frequency components from the input frequency band;
a low-pass filter coupled to the output of the mixer, the low-pass filter operable to filter the third signal to generate a fourth signal in an intermediate frequency band;
an AD converter coupled to an output of the low pass filter, the AD converter operable to convert the fourth signal to a digital data stream at a fixed sample rate;
a channel demodulator for demodulating one or more selected channels within the digital data stream;
a channel level indicator for measuring signal strengths of frequencies in the intermediate frequency band; and
a frequency calculator coupled to the channel level indicator and coupled to the local oscillator by a feedback path, the frequency calculator operable to dynamically control the first frequency of the first signal such that harmonics of a radio signal within the input frequency band are outside the one or more selected channels.
16. A method for reducing harmonic interference effects within one or more selected channels of a frequency band that are induced by Analog to Digital (AD) conversion, the method comprising:
generating a digital data stream from analog signals in the frequency band using a current sampling rate, wherein the current sampling rate is at least twice the frequency of an upper limit of the frequency band;
determining whether harmonics of a strong signal within the frequency band exist within the selected channels at the current sampling rate; and
dynamically adjusting the current sampling rate if the determining step identifies any harmonics within the selected channels.

1. A composition, comprising:
a semiconductor nanocrystal which emits light when excited;
a polymerizable linking agent;
an affinity molecule linked to the linking agent; and
a detectable substance bound to the affinity molecule.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymerizable linking agent encapsulates the semiconductor nanocrystal.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a first additional semiconductor nanocrystal which emits light when excited.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of additional semiconductor nanocrystals which emit light when excited.
5. A composition, comprising:
a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals which emit light when excited;
a polymerizable linking agent encapsulating the nanocrystals;
an affinity molecule linked to the linking agent; and
a detectable substance bound to the affinity molecule.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 5 wherein the linking agent is comprised of a polymer and chosen from diacetylenes, acrylates, acrylamides, vinyl, and styryl.
7. A composition, comprising:
a semiconductor nanocrystal which emits light when excited;
an affinity molecule; and
a detectable substance bound to the affinity molecule.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a polymer wherein the polymer encapsulates the semiconductor nanocrystal.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a first additional semiconductor nanocrystal which emits light when excited.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:
a plurality of additional semiconductor nanocrystals which emit light when excited.
11. A composition, comprising:
a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals which emit light when excited;
an affinity molecule; and
a detectable substance bound to the affinity molecule.
12. The composition of claims 11, wherein the plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals comprise nanocrystals which emit a distinct wavelength of light different from that emitted by other semiconductor nanocrystals.
13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a biological material.
14. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is an antibody chosen from a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody.
15. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a nucleic acid.
16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the nucleic acid is monomeric.
17. The composition of claim 15, wherein the nucleic acid is oligomeric.
18. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a protein.
19. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a polysaccharide.
20. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a sugar.
21. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a peptide.
22. The composition of claim 11, wherein the affinity molecule is a drug.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An antimicrobial hand wash comprising:
i. an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds, and mixtures thereof; and
ii. a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of lauramidopropyl dimethylamine, cocamidopropyl dimethylamine, or ricinoleamidopropyl dimethylamine, neutralized with an acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, glutaric acid, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, nicotinic acid, benzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, serine, boric acid, formic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, and mixtures thereof.
2. The hand wash of claim 1, wherein said phenolic compound is selected from the group consisting of:
(a) 2-hydroxydiphenyl compounds according to the following formula
wherein Y is chlorine or bromine, Z is SO2H, NO2, or C1-C4 alkyl, r is 0 to 3, o is 0 to 3, p is 0 or 1, m is 0 or 1, and n is 0 or 1;
(b) phenol derivatives according to the following formula
wherein R1 is hydro, hydroxy, C1-C4 alkyl, chloro, nitro, phenyl, or benzyl; R2 is hydro, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, or halo; R3 is hydro, C1-C6 alkyl, hydroxy, chloro, nitro, or a sulfur in the form of an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt; R4 is hydro or methyl; and R5 is hydro or nitro; and
(c) Diphenyl Compounds according to the following formula:
wherein X is sulfur or a methylene group, R1 and R\u20321 are hydroxy, and R2, R\u20322, R3, R\u20323, R4, R\u20324, R5, and R\u20325, independent of one another, are hydro or halo.
3. The hand wash of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of 2,3,4\u2032-trichloro-2\u2032-hydroxydiphenylether, parachlorometaxylenol and mixtures thereof.
4. The hand wash of claim 3, wherein the active ingredient is 2,3,4\u2032-trichloro-2\u2032-hydroxydiphenylether, and the cationic surfactant is lauramidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.
5. The hand wash of claim 1, comprised of from about 0.01 to 10 weight percent (wt %) of active ingredient.
6. The hand wash of claim 5, comprised of from about 0.1 to 20 wt % of said cationic surfactant.
7. The hand wash of claim 6, comprised of from 0.5 to 7.5 wt % of said cationic surfactant.
8. The hand wash of claim 1, having a maximum percent of solids of less than 15 wt %.
9. A method for forming a hand wash comprising the steps of:
creating an active ingredient premix by mixing a phenolic compound active ingredient with the cationic surfactant of claim 1, said mixing effecting at least a partial dissolving of the phenolic compound without the need for the addition of heat to dissolve the same; and mixing said active ingredient premix with water.