Author: claimsbot

1. An electro-wetting cell comprising a substrate (106, 206, 306, 406), a structure (108, 208, 308, 408) substantially confining an electro-wetting fluid (102, 202, 302, 402) to a surface of the substrate (106, 206, 306, 406) and a first layer of hydrophobic material (115, 215, 315, 415) on the substrate (106, 206, 306, 406) between the substrate (106, 206, 306, 406) and the structure (108, 208, 308, 408).
2. The electro-wetting cell of claim 1 wherein the structure (108, 206) comprises a hollow cylinder.
3. The electro-wetting cell of claim 1 wherein the structure (308, 408) comprises a ring.
4. The electro-wetting cell of claim 1 wherein a hydrophobic fluid contact layer (110, 310, 410) is present on a part of the structure (108, 308, 408).
5. The electro-wetting cell of claim 4, wherein a portion of the hydrophobic fluid contact layer (110, 310, 410) abuts at least a portion of the first layer of hydrophobic material (115, 315, 415).
6. The electro-wetting cell of claim 1 wherein the first layer of hydrophobic material (115, 215, 315, 415) comprises a material which is fluor silane or an amorphous fluorocarbon polymer.
7. A fluid focus lens comprising
a fluid chamber (205) formed by a front cover plate (204), a back cover plate (206) and a core (208) surrounding a space, the fluid chamber (205) including a first fluid (201) and an axially displaced second fluid (202), the fluids (201, 202) being non-miscible, and in contact over a meniscus (214),
a hydrophobic layer (215) disposed on the back cover plate (206) on an area opposite a surface of the core (208).
8. The fluid focus lens of claim 7 wherein the hydrophobic layer (215) is in contact with the second fluid (202) only at an edge of the hydrophobic layer (215).
9. A method of manufacturing an electro-wetting cell comprising:
providing a substrate (406);
providing a hydrophobic layer (415) on a first area of the substrate (406), the first area being shaped to correspond to at least a portion of a contact surface of a structure (108, 208, 308, 408), the structure (108, 208, 308, 408) surrounding a space;
placing an electro-wetting fluid (402) on a second area of the substrate (406); and
placing the structure (108, 208, 308, 408) on the substrate, the contact surface contacting at least a portion of the first area and the space thereby including the second area.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the placing of the structure (108, 208, 308, 408) on the substrate (406) is after the placing of the electro-wetting fluid (402) on the second area of the substrate (406).
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the placing of the structure (108, 208, 308, 408) on the substrate (406) is before the placing of the electro-wetting fluid (402) on the second area of the substrate (406).
12. The method of claim 9, comprising the step of providing a hydrophilic substrate (406).
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the hydrophilic substrate (406) is glass.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of providing a hydrophobic layer (415) comprises disposing a hydrophobic material on a surface of the substrate (406) and removing the hydrophobic material from a portion of said surface.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the hydrophobic layer (415) comprises an amorphous fluorocarbon polymer.
16. The method of claim 9, wherein the hydrophobic layer (415) comprises fluor silane.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the structure (108, 208, 308, 408) has a hydrophobic fluid contact layer (110, 310, 410) and the hydrophobic fluid contact layer (110, 310, 410) is present on at least a portion of the contact surface.
18. A component of an electro-wetting cell, the component comprising a substrate (406) and a layer (415) of hydrophobic material on a portion of the substrate (406), the hydrophobic material being arranged in a pattern corresponding to areas of contact between the substrate (406) and an opposing member (408) of the completed electro-wetting cell.
19. A component as claimed in claim 18, wherein the component is a cover plate of an electro-wetting cell.
20. A component as claimed in claim 18, wherein the component is a part for a fluid focus lens (30).

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for originating a media flow, the method comprising:
receiving, by an application server from a first device, a request to originate a communications session with a remote end, the request indicating that a remote media flow is to be established on a second device;
establishing, by the application server, the remote media flow between the second device and the remote end;
receiving, by the application server, session control signaling for the remote media flow from the first device;
receiving, by the application server, media control signaling for the remote media flow from the second device, wherein the first device and the second device are different mobile stations connected to a common wireless access network;
aggregating, by the application server, the media control signaling received from the second device with the session control signaling received from the first device into an aggregated signaling; and
transmitting, by the application server, the aggregated signaling to the remote end.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the communications session includes two or more media flows.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the request includes a request to establish a local media flow.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising establishing a local media flow between the first device and the remote end.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein establishing the remote media flow between the second device and the remote end comprises:
transferring the media control signaling from the first device to the second device without transferring the session control signaling, wherein the session control signaling remains with the first device.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the media control signaling and the session control signaling are part of a common IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) session.
7. A method for terminating a media flow, the method comprising:
receiving, by an application server, a request from a remote end to terminate a communications session on a first device;
transmitting, by the application server, a termination request to the first device;
receiving, by the application server, an acknowledgement message from the first device, the acknowledgement message indicating that a remote media flow is to be established on a second device;
establishing, by the application server, the remote media flow on the second device;
receiving, by the applications server, session control signaling for the remote media flow from the first device;
receiving, by the applications server, media control signaling for the remote media flow from the second device;
aggregating, by the application server, the media control signaling from the second device with the session control signaling from the first device into an aggregated signaling; and
presenting, by the application server, the aggregated signaling to the remote end, wherein the first device and the second device are different mobile stations connected to a common wireless access network.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising receiving an indication that a local media flow is to be established on the first device.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein establishing the remote media flow between the second device and the remote end comprises:
transferring the media control signaling from the first device to the second device without transferring the session control signaling, wherein the session control signaling remains with the first device.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the media control signaling and the session control signaling are part of a common IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) session.
11. A method of creating a remote media session, the method comprising:
transferring session control signaling for a common IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) session from a source device to a target device, wherein media control signaling for at least one media flow of the common IMS session remains with the source device, wherein the session control signaling and the media control signaling are both part of the common IMS session, and wherein the source device and the target device are different mobile stations connected to a common wireless access network
receiving the session control signaling from the target device;
receiving the media control signaling for the media flow from the source device;
combining the session control signaling received from the target device and the media control signaling received from the source device to form an aggregated signaling; and
communicating the aggregate signaling to a remote end.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising transferring another media flow from the source device to the target device.
13. An IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network comprising:
a call session controller configured to communicate with a remote end; and
an application server communicatively coupled to the call session controller, the application server configured to establish a remote media flow during a communications session between a first device and the remote end, wherein the remote media flow extends between a second device and the remote end, wherein session control signaling for the remote media flow remains with the first device after media control signaling for the remote media flow is transferred to the second device, wherein the media control signaling and the session control signaling are part of a common IMS session, wherein the first device and the second device are different mobile stations connected to a common wireless access network, and
wherein the applications server is further configured to receive the session control signaling for the remote media flow from the first device, to receive the media control signaling for the remote media flow from the second device, to combine the session control signaling received from the first device and the media control signaling received from the second device to form an aggregated signaling, and to communicate the aggregate signaling to a remote end.
14. The IMS network of claim 13, wherein the application server is configured to transfer the session control signaling from the first device to the second device after the remote media flow is established.
15. The IMS network of claim 14, wherein the application server is further configured to maintain the at least one media flow at the first device after transferring the session control signaling from the first device to the second device.
16. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and
a computer readable storage medium storing programming for execution by the processor, the programming including instructions to:
establish a local media flow of a media session between a first device and a remote end;
establish a remote media flow between a second device and a remote end;
transfer media control signaling of the media session to the second device, wherein session control signaling of the media session remains established between the first device and the remote end after the media control signaling is transferred to the second device, wherein the first device is different from the second device, and wherein the first device and the second device are configured to access a common wireless access network;
receive the session control signaling for the remote media flow from the first device;
receive the media control signaling for the remote media flow from the second device;
aggregate the media control signaling received from the second device with the session control signaling received from the first device into an aggregated signaling; and
forward the aggregated signaling to the remote end.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the media control signaling and the session control signaling are part of a common IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) session.

1. A method determining cell viability, comprising:
a) contacting a sample comprising a cell with a compound according to Formula 1:
wherein
R1, R2 and R3 are each H
Y is S or O;
W taken together with the atoms to which it is attached is a 6-membered heterocyclic ring;
n is O;
Q is Q2:
wherein
Y is \u2014CR13\u2550CR14\u2014; m is 1 and p is 0;
R6 is unsubstituted (C1-C8)alkyl, unsubstituted aryl, or unsubstituted (C1-C8)alkaryl;
R9, R11, and R12 are each independently H, amino, or halo;
R10 is H, methoxy, amino or halo;
one of R13 and R14 is H and the other is NR15R16;
R15 is (C1-C6)alkyl or (C1-C6)alkyl-NR17R18 or C3H7\u2014N+(CH3)3 wherein R17 and R18 are each independently H or (C1-C6)alkyl; and
R16 is (C1-C6)alkyl-NR17R18 or C3H7\u2014N+(CH3)3, wherein R17 and R18 are each independently H or (C1-C6)alkyl;
wherein at least one of R15 and R16 is C3H7\u2014N+(CH3)3;
or a salt thereof;
b) detecting a fluorescent signal in the sample; and
c) correlating the amount of fluorescence in the sample with the viability of the cell in the sample.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is impermeant to the cell membrane.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein an increase in the fluorescent signal correlates to a loss in cell membrane integrity.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the loss in cell membrane integrity indicates cell death.
5. The method of claim 6, wherein cell death is due to a cytotoxic effect of a test treatment or condition on the cell.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising a counterstain comprising a detectably different signal to correlate metabolically active cells.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising a counterstain comprising a detectably different signal to differentiate cells with a loss in cell membrane integrity and cells with intact cell membranes.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is:

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An interior vehicle surface assembly, comprising:
an energy absorbing assembly comprising a rigid support structure having at least one inlet and at least one outlet; a flexible covering that defines an interior vehicle surface sealingly engaged with the rigid support structure to form an expandable interior region, wherein the interior vehicle surface is configured to inflatably and flexibly expand outward relative to the rigid support structure; a gas source in fluid communication with the at least one inlet; an inlet control valve positioned intermediate the gas source and the at least one inlet, wherein the inlet control valve is a binary valve and is adapted to responsively open and close the valve within 1 millisecond; and an actively controlled pressure relief valve in variable controlled fluid communication with the at least one outlet.
2. The interior vehicle surface of claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing assembly forms a door pillar surface, a headrest surface, a floor surface, a seat surface, a dashboard surface, a steering wheel surface, a door surface, a ceiling surface, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing interior vehicle surfaces.
3. The interior vehicle surface of claim 1, wherein the inlet control valve and the relief valve are valves selected from the group consisting of a piezoelectric valve, a solenoid valve, and an active material based valve.
4. The interior vehicle surface of claim 1, wherein the actively controlled pressure relief valve is adapted to responsively open and close faster than the inlet control valve.
5. The interior vehicle surface of claim 1, further comprising a controller in operative communication with a pressure sensor, the inlet control valve, and the actively controlled pressure relief valve; and a sensor in electrical communication with the controller configured to sense or predict an impact event.
6. An interior vehicle surface assembly, comprising:
an energy absorbing assembly comprising a rigid support structure having at least one inlet and at least one outlet; a flexible covering that defines an interior vehicle surface sealingly engaged with the rigid support structure to form an expandable interior region, wherein the interior vehicle surface is configured to inflatably and flexibly expand outward relative to the rigid support structure; a gas source in fluid communication with the at least one inlet; an inlet control valve positioned intermediate the gas source and the at least one inlet, wherein the inlet control valve is a continuously variable valve and is adapted to responsively open and close the valve within 1 millisecond; and an actively controlled pressure relief valve in fluid communication with the at least one outlet.
7. The interior vehicle surface of claim 6, wherein the energy absorbing assembly forms a door pillar surface, a headrest surface, a floor surface, a seat surface, a dashboard surface, a steering wheel surface, a door surface, a ceiling surface, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing interior vehicle surfaces.
8. The interior vehicle surface of claim 6, wherein the inlet control valve and the relief valve are valves selected from the group consisting of a piezoelectric valve, a solenoid valve, and an active material based valve.
9. The interior vehicle surface of claim 6, wherein the actively controlled pressure relief valve is adapted to responsively open and close faster than the inlet control valve.
10. The interior vehicle surface of claim 6, further comprising a controller in operative communication with a pressure sensor, the inlet control valve, and the actively controlled pressure relief valve; and a sensor in electrical communication with the controller.
11. A method of operating an energy absorbing assembly, comprising:
sensing or predicting an impact of an object;
providing an activation signal to an energy absorbing assembly attached to a rigid support structure, wherein the energy absorbing assembly comprises a flexible cover that defines an interior vehicle surface that is sealingly engaged with the rigid support structure to form an expandable interior region; at least one inlet and at least one outlet in fluid communication with the interior region; an inlet control valve in fluid communication with the at least one inlet; an outlet pressure relief valve in fluid communication with the at least one outlet; and a gas source in fluid communication with the inlet control valve; and a pressure sensor in operative communication with the expandable interior region and configured to monitor a pressure within the expandable interior region; wherein the activation signal signals the inlet control valve to open fluid communication between the gas source and the interior region;
inflating the interior region to an inflated position within about 20 milliseconds, wherein inflating the interior region comprises outwardly expanding the interior vehicle surface relative to the rigid support structure; and
closing a selected one or both of the inlet control valve and opening the pressure relief valve to decrease or maintain a pressure of the interior region.
12. The method of operating the energy absorbing assembly of claim 11, wherein the inlet control valve and the pressure relief valve are valves selected from the group consisting of a solenoid valve, a piezoelectric actuated valve, electroactive polymer actuated valve, an electrorheological actuated valve, a magnetorheological actuated valve, and a magnetic shape memory alloy actuated valve.
13. The method of operating the energy absorbing assembly of claim 11, wherein the inlet control valve is a binary valve and is fully opened within 1 millisecond.
14. The method of operating the energy absorbing assembly of claim 11, wherein the inlet control valve is a continuously variable valve and is fully opened within 10 milliseconds.
15. The method of operating the energy absorbing assembly of claim 11, further comprising inflating and deflating the interior region at least one additional time upon the sensing or the predicting of an additional impact event.