Author: claimsbot

What is claimed is:

1. A liquid crystal display device comprising:
a liquid crystal cell including a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, a first electrode disposed on an inside surface side of the first substrate, and a first alignment film disposed on an opposite side of the first electrode as a side opposing the first transparent substrate, a second electrode disposed on an inside surface side of the second substrate, and a second alignment film disposed on an opposite side of the second electrode as a side opposing the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a reflector disposed one of at an outside surface side of the first transparent substrate and between the first transparent substrate and the first electrode; and
a retardation plate and a polarizing plate disposed in that order from an outside surface side of the second substrate,
wherein, when an angle between a direction of a normal line with respect to a display surface of the liquid crystal display device and a main viewing direction is from about 0 degrees to about 20 degrees, a reflection ratio peak value of light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is set so as to occur within a range of about 30 degrees from the normal line direction.
2. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is set so as to occur within a range of about 20 degrees from the normal line direction.
3. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflector includes a plurality of recesses with light reflectivity formed in one of a surface of a base material and a metallic film formed on the base material, the recesses having inside surfaces which form parts of spherical surfaces and an inclination angle distribution in a range of from about 30 degrees to about 30 degrees, the recesses being formed irregularly so as to have depths within a range of from about 0.1 m to about 3 m, and the recesses being disposed irregularly so that pitches between adjacent recesses are in a range of from about 5 m to about 50 m.
4. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the reflector includes a plurality of recesses with light reflectivity formed in one of a surface of a base material and a metallic film formed on the base material, the recesses having inside surfaces which form parts of spherical surfaces and an inclination angle distribution in a range of from about 30 degrees to about 30 degrees, the recesses being formed irregularly so as to have depths within a range of from about 0.1 m to about 3 m, and the recesses being disposed irregularly so that pitches between adjacent recesses are in a range of from about 5 m to about 50 m.
5. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the one of the base material and the metallic film of the reflector is in a range of from about 8 nm to about 20 nm.
6. A portable electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal display device of claim 1 at a display section thereof.
7. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is substantially constant between a range of one of about 10 degrees to about 50 degrees and about 20 degrees to about 40 degrees from the normal line direction.
8. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a backlight disposed more distal to the liquid crystal layer than the first transparent substrate.
9. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is substantially constant over a range of not less than about 10 degrees.
10. A liquid crystal display device comprising:
a liquid crystal cell including a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, a first electrode disposed on an inside surface side of the first substrate, and a first alignment film disposed on an opposite side of the first electrode as a side opposing the first transparent substrate, a second electrode disposed on an inside surface side of the second substrate, and a second alignment film disposed on an opposite side of the second electrode as a side opposing the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a reflector disposed one of at an outside surface side of the first substrate and between the first substrate and the first electrode; and
a retardation plate and a polarizing plate disposed in that order from at an outside surface side of the second substrate, wherein, when an angle between a direction of a normal line with respect to a display surface of the liquid crystal display device and a main viewing direction is from about 0 degrees to about 20 degrees, a reflection ratio peak value of light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is set so as to occur within a range of angles less than about 30 degrees from the normal line direction.
11. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is set so as to occur within a range of about 20 degrees from the normal line direction.
12. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflector includes a plurality of recesses with light reflectivity formed in one of a surface of a base material and a metallic film formed on the base material, each of the recesses being formed so that an inclination angle (absolute value of an angle between the base material surface and a tangential plane at any point on a curvature) at each one of a corresponding side portion becomes a maximum, the recesses being formed irregularly so as to have depths within a range of from about 0.1 m to about 3 m, and the recesses being disposed irregularly so that pitches between adjacent recesses are in a range of from about 5 m to about 50 m.
13. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein a thickness of the one of the base material and the metallic film of the reflector is in a range of from about 8 nm to about 20 nm.
14. A portable electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal display device of claim 10 at a display section thereof.
15. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is substantially constant between a range of one of about 20 degrees to about 30 degrees and about 10 degrees to about 25 degrees from the normal line direction.
16. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflector includes a plurality of aspherical recesses with light reflectivity formed in one of a surface of a base material and a metallic film formed on the base material.
17. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 16, wherein each of the recesses have a maximum inclination angle (an absolute value of an angle between a surface of the base material and a tangential plane at any point on a curvature) that differ irregularly and have values within a range of from about 2 degrees to about 90 degrees, the recesses are formed irregularly and have depths (a distance between a minimum point of each recess and the surface of the base material) within a range of from about 0.1 m to about 3 m, and the recesses are disposed irregularly such that pitches between adjacent recesses are in a range of from about 5 m to about 50 m.
18. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 17, wherein the maximum inclination angles of a majority of the recesses have values within a range of from about 4 degrees to about 35 degrees.
19. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 17, wherein the recesses have a single minimum point.
20. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, further comprising a backlight disposed more distal to the liquid crystal layer than the first transparent substrate.
21. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the reflection ratio peak value of the light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is substantially constant over a range of not less than about 10 degrees.
22. A method of improving viewing of a liquid crystal display device having a reflector and a display surface, the method comprising setting a reflection ratio peak value of light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector to occur within a range of less than about 20 degrees from a direction of a normal line with respect to the display surface when an angle between the normal line direction and a main viewing direction of the display surface is about 0 degrees to about 20 degrees; and broadening the reflection ratio peak value to be substantially constant over a range of not less than about 10 degrees.
23. The method according to claim 22, further comprising providing a plurality of asymmetric recesses in the reflector.
24. A method according to claim 22, further comprising providing a thickness of material in which the recesses are formed in a range of from about 8 nm to about 20 nm.
25. A method according to claim 22, further comprising providing recesses: that have a maximum inclination angle (an absolute value of an angle between a surface of material in which the recesses are formed and a tangential plane at any point on a curvature) that differs irregularly and has a value within a range of from about 2 degrees to about 90 degrees, that are formed irregularly and have depths (a distance between a minimum point of each recess and the surface of the base material) within a range of from about 0.1 m to about 3 m, and that are disposed irregularly such that pitches between adjacent recesses are in a range of from about 5 m to about 50 m.
26. A method according to claim 25, further comprising providing recesses in which the maximum inclination angles of a majority of the recesses have values within a range of from about 4 degrees to about 35 degrees.
27. A method according to claim 25, further comprising providing recesses that have a single minimum point.
28. A method according to claim 22, further comprising providing a backlight more distal to a viewer than the reflector that supplies light to the reflector.
29. A method of providing a portable electronic apparatus comprising the method of claim 22.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

What is claimed is:

1. A copper alloy material comprising:
25 to 40 mass % of Zn; and
the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
wherein arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) along a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction for the material is 0.07 to 0.13 m;
maximum height (Ry) is not more than 1.3 m;
a surface oxide film has a thickness in a range of from 3 to 80 nm; and
not less than 10 atom % of oxide of alloy elements, except for Cu, is contained in the oxide film.
2. A copper alloy material comprising:
3 to 11 mass % of Sn;
0.03 to 0.35 mass % of P; and
the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
wherein arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) along a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction for the material is 0.07 to 0.14 m;
maximum height (Ry) is not more than 1.4 m;
a surface oxide film has a thickness in a range of from 3 to 80 nm; and
not less than 10 atom % of oxide of alloy elements, except for Cu, is contained in the oxide film.
3. A copper alloy material comprising:
1.5 to 4.0 mass % of Ni;
0.30 to 1.2 mass % of Si; and
the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
wherein arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) along a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction for the material is 0.05 to 0.15 m;
maximum height (Ry) is not more than 1.5 m;
a surface oxide film has a thickness in a range of from 3 to 80 nm; and
not less than 10 atom % of oxide of alloy elements, except for Cu, is contained in the oxide film.
4. A copper alloy material comprising:
1.5 to 4.0 mass % of Ni;
0.30 to 1.2 mass % of Si;
0.05 to 0.20 mass % of Mg; and
the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
wherein arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) along a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction for the material is 0.05 to 0.15 m;
maximum height (Ry) is not more than 1.5 m;
a surface oxide film has a thickness in a range of from 3 to 80 nm; and
not less than 10 atom % of oxide of alloy elements, except for Cu, is contained in the oxide film.
5. A copper alloy material comprising:
0.5 to 5 mass % of Ti; and
the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
wherein arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) along a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction for the material is 0.10 to 0.18 m;
maximum height (Ry) is not more than 2.0 m;
a surface oxide film has a thickness in a range of from 3 to 80 nm; and
not less than 10 atom % of oxide of alloy elements, except for Cu, is contained in the oxide film.
6. The copper alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the material has a wet tension (surface tension) of more than 30 mNm with an oil.
7. The copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the material has a wet tension (surface tension) of more than 30 mNm with an oil.
8. The copper alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the material has a wet tension (surface tension) of more than 30 mNm with an oil.
9. The copper alloy material according to claim 4, wherein the material has a wet tension (surface tension) of more than 30 mNm with an oil.
10. The copper alloy material according to claim 5, wherein the material has a wet tension (surface tension) of more than 30 mNm with an oil.
11. A process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the surface roughness is obtained by a mechanical surface treatment.
12. A process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 2, wherein the surface roughness is obtained by a mechanical surface treatment.
13. A process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 3, wherein the surface roughness is obtained by a mechanical surface treatment.
14. A process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 4, wherein the surface roughness is obtained by a mechanical surface treatment.
15. A process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 5, wherein the surface roughness is obtained by a mechanical surface treatment.
16. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 11, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by surface grinding.
17. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by surface grinding.
18. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 13, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by surface grinding.
19. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 14, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by surface grinding.
20. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 15, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by surface grinding.
21. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 16, wherein the mechanical surface grinding is performed just before press working.
22. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 17, wherein the mechanical surface grinding is performed just before press working.
23. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 18, wherein the mechanical surface grinding is performed just before press working.
24. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 19, wherein the mechanical surface grinding is performed just before press working.
25. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 20, wherein the mechanical surface grinding is performed just before press working.
26. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 11, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by rolling.
27. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by rolling.
28. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 13, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by rolling.
29. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 14, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by rolling.
30. The process for production of the copper alloy material according to claim 15, wherein the mechanical surface treatment is performed by rolling.

1. A display apparatus comprising:
a display module to display an image; and
a variable member to vary a shape of the display module,
wherein the variable member comprises
a first portion capable of varying in shape, and
a second portion having opposite ends adjacent to opposite edges of the display module, whereby the opposite ends of the second portion are respectively fixed to opposite ends of the first portion; and the second portion is disposed between the first portion and the display module,

wherein a distance between the opposite ends of the second portion is varied such that the opposite ends of the first portion protrude with respect to a central region of the first portion and thereby, the display module is varied in shape.
2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first distance between a central region of the first portion and a central region of the second portion and a second distance between each of the opposite ends of the first portion and a corresponding one of the opposite ends of the second portion are different.
3. The display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance.
4. The display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first distance is about 10 to 50 mm.
5. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
the variable member comprises
a central fixing member to fix the central region of the first portion to a central region of the display module;
a first end fixing member to fix one end of the first portion to one end of the second portion, and
a second end fixing member to fix the other end of the first portion to the other end of the second portion.
6. The display apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the variable member comprises at least one of:
a first interference-preventing fixing member to fix the second portion to the first portion in a region between the central fixing member and the first end fixing member, to prevent interference between the second portion and the display module; and
a second interference-preventing fixing member to fix the second portion to the first portion in a region between the central fixing member and the second end fixing member, to prevent interference between the second portion and the display module.
7. The display apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a distance between the first portion and the second portion is gradually reduced in a direction from the central fixing member to the first or second interference-preventing fixing member.
8. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second portions comprises a region where a distance from the at least one of the first and second portions to the display module is varied.
9. The display apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:
the second portion is disposed between the first portion and the display module; and
the second portion comprises a central district disposed in a central region of the second portion which is gradually spaced from a rear surface of the display module by a distance increasing gradually as the central section extends toward each end of the second portion, and a outer district disposed outside the central district which is gradually approaching the rear surface of the display module by a distance decreasing gradually as the outer section extends toward each end of the second portion.
10. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the central district comprises a first central district spaced from the rear surface of the display module by a distance increasing gradually in a direction from the central region to one end of the second portion, and a second central district spaced from the rear surface of the display module by a distance increasing gradually in a direction from the central region to the other end of the second portion.
11. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a length ratio of the first or second central district to a total length of the first portion is 0.1 to 0.2.
12. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the first and second central districts are symmetrical with respect to each other.
13. The display apparatus according to claim 10, wherein:
the outer district comprises a first outer district disposed outside the first central district, and a second outer district disposed outside the second central district; and
the first and second outer districts are symmetrical with respect to each other.
14. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, when an area between the first and second portions in the central district is a first area, and an area between the first and second portions in the outer district is a second area, a ratio of the first area to the second area is 16 to 400.
15. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein:
the second portion is disposed between the first portion and the display module;
the variable member comprises
a central fixing member to fix the central region of the first portion to a central region of the display module such that a first distance is maintained between the central region of the first portion and the central region of the second portion;
a first end fixing member to fix one end of the first portion to one end of the second portion such that a second distance smaller than the first distance is maintained between one end of the first portion and one end of the second portion;
a second end fixing member to fix the other end of the first portion to the other end of the second portion such that the second distance is maintained between the other end of the first portion and the other end of the second portion;
a first interference-preventing fixing member to fix the second portion to the first portion in a region between the central fixing member and the first end fixing member, to prevent interference between the second portion and the display module; and
a second interference-preventing fixing member to fix the second portion to the first portion in a region between the central fixing member and the second end fixing member, to prevent interference between the second portion and the display module;

the central district comprises a district between the first interference-preventing fixing member and the central fixing member and a district between the central fixing member and the second interference-preventing fixing member; and
the outer district comprises a district between the first interference-preventing fixing member and the first end fixing member and a district between the second interference-preventing fixing member and the second end fixing member.
16. The display apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the first portion is further protruded from a rear surface of the display apparatus at the central region of the first portion than at the ends of the first portion.
17. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opposite ends of the first portion are spaced from corresponding lateral edges of the display module by a distance of 1 to 30 mm.
18. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
guide members fixed to the display module, to support the first portion at opposite sides of the first portion while allowing the first portion to be movable within the guide members.
19. The display apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a ratio of each of the guide members spaced from a corresponding one of the ends of the first portion to a total length of the first portion is 0.2 to 0.4.
20. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the first portion comprises a plurality of sections,
the variable member comprises a fixing member to fix the first portion to the display module,
the plurality of sections comprises a first section rotatably fixed to the fixing member to be positioned at one side of the fixing member and a second section rotatably fixed to the fixing member to be positioned at the other side of the fixing member.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A recording apparatus comprising:
an input section configured to input or generate main data and added data thereof; and
a recording control section configured such that when said main data and said added data input or generated by said input section have each reached a predetermined data amount, said recording control section temporarily stores said main data and said added data in units of said predetermined data amount, that when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, said recording control section transfers said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto, and that when the amount of said temporarily stored data is less than that of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, said recording control section also transfers said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.
2. The recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when recording less than said specific write data unit of said temporarily stored data, said recording control section additionally writes to said recording media identification data identifying the number of times less than said specific write data unit of data has been written for an update.
3. The recording apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, when less than said specific write data unit of data is written continuously a plurality of times, said recording control section uses at least two recording regions alternately for the write operations on said recording media.
4. The recording apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, when the writing of said specific write data unit of data is completed, said recording control section deletes the recorded data less than the amount of said specific write data unit.
5. An imaging and recording apparatus comprising:
an imaging section configured to acquire video data through imaging; and
a recording control section configured such that when said video data and added data thereof have each reached a predetermined data amount, said recording control section temporarily stores said video data and said added data in units of said predetermined data amount; that when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, said recording control section transfers said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto; and that when said temporarily stored data is less than the amount of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, said recording control section also transfers said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.
6. The imaging and recording apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, when recording less than said specific write data unit of said temporarily stored data, said recording control section additionally writes to said recording media identification data identifying the number of times less than said specific write data unit of data has been written for an update.
7. The imaging and recording apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, when less than said specific write data unit of data is written continuously a plurality of times, said recording control section uses at least two recording regions alternately for the write operations on said recording media.
8. The imaging and recording apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, when the writing of said specific write data unit of data is completed, said recording control section deletes the recorded data less than the amount of said specific write data unit.
9. A recording method comprising the steps of:
when input or generated main data and added data thereof have each reached a predetermined data amount, temporarily storing the main data and the added data in units of said predetermined data amount;
when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, transferring said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto; and
when said temporarily stored data is less than the amount of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, also transferring said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.
10. A program to be installed in and executed by an information processing apparatus, said program comprising the steps of:
when input or generated main data and added data thereof have each reached a predetermined data amount, temporarily storing the main data and the added data in units of said predetermined data amount;
when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, transferring said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto; and
when said temporarily stored data is less than the amount of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, also transferring said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.
11. A recording apparatus comprising:
input means for inputting or generate main data and added data thereof; and
recording control means configured such that when said main data and said added data input or generated by said input means have each reached a predetermined data amount, said recording control means temporarily stores said main data and said added data in units of said predetermined data amount, that when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, said recording control means transfers said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto, and that when the amount of said temporarily stored data is less than that of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, said recording control means also transfers said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.
12. An imaging and recording apparatus comprising:
imaging means for acquiring video data through imaging; and
recording control means configured such that when said video data and added data thereof have each reached a predetermined data amount, said recording control means temporarily stores said video data and said added data in units of said predetermined data amount; that when the sum of the temporarily stored data has reached a specific write data unit, said recording control means transfers said temporarily stored data to recording media for recording thereto; and that when said temporarily stored data is less than the amount of said specific write data unit upon elapse of a predetermined time period since the most recent recording, said recording control means also transfers said temporarily stored data to said recording media for recording thereto.