1. A system of semi-centralized energy storage and mobile power outflow for vehicle propulsion, comprising:
at least one energy storage facility receiving energy via an electric grid, the energy being generated at a first location, the energy storage facility being at a second location different from the first location, the second location being closer to end users of the energy than the first location;
the energy storage facility producing an energy storage medium at the second location and storing the energy from the first location at the second location in the energy storage medium, the energy storage medium comprising: liquid air, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or a combination thereof; and
at least one mobile vehicle including a prime mover and a cryogenic storage vessel and being configured to carry at least a portion of the energy storage medium in the cryogenic storage vessel and use power from the energy storage medium for mobile vehicle propulsion.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the mobile vehicle includes a cryogenic pump and the energy storage medium is pumped to pressure by the cryogenic pump.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein the prime mover is a fueled turbine.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the mobile vehicle uses combined power output from the prime mover and the energy storage medium for propulsion.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein the prime mover provides a first portion of the power for the vehicle propulsion and the energy storage medium provides a second portion of the power for the vehicle propulsion, wherein the second portion is greater than the first portion.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein a portion of the energy storage medium cools an inlet air stream to the prime mover.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein waste heat from the prime mover warms the energy storage medium.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein the prime mover is fueled by liquefied natural gas.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein the mobile vehicle is one or more of: a locomotive, a truck, and a waterborne vessel.
10. A method of semi-centrally storing energy and using mobile power for vehicle propulsion, comprising:
receiving energy from a first location, the energy being received by an energy storage facility at a second location different from the first location, the second location being closer to end users of the energy than the first location;
producing an energy storage medium at the second location and storing the energy at the second location in the energy storage medium, the energy storage medium comprising: liquid air, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, or a combination thereof;
transporting at least a portion of the energy storage medium from the second location to a a mobile vehicle;
carrying the portion of the energy storage medium in a cryogenic storage vessel on a mobile vehicle, the mobile vehicle including a prime mover; and
releasing energy from the energy storage medium to generate power for propulsion of the mobile vehicle.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising pumping to pressure the energy storage medium.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the prime mover is a fueled turbine.
13. The method of claim 10 comprising using combined power output from the prime mover and the energy storage medium for propulsion.
14. The method of claim 13 comprising using a first portion of power from the prime mover for the propulsion and using a second portion of power from the energy storage medium for the propulsion, wherein the second portion is greater than the first portion.
15. The method of claim 10 further comprising using a portion of the energy storage medium to cool an inlet air stream to the prime mover.
16. The method of claim 10 further comprising using waste heat from the prime mover to warm the energy storage medium.
17. The method of claim 10 wherein the prime mover is fueled by liquefied natural gas.
18. The method of claim 10 wherein the mobile vehicle is one or more of: a locomotive, a truck, and a waterborne vessel.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A piston cooling apparatus to be mounted on an internal combustion engine, comprising:
a main body including a communication passage communicating with an oil path formed in the internal combustion engine;
a nozzle pipe portion including an oil injection port configured to inject oil having passed through the communication passage toward a piston; and
a filter disposed upstream of the nozzle pipe portion on a flow passage of the oil and including a hole having a smaller diameter than a minimum diameter of the oil injection port, the oil being injected toward the piston from the oil injection port, wherein:
the filter is removably mounted on an end portion of the main body existing upstream on the oil flow passage; and
the main body is mounted on the internal combustion engine in a state where at least a portion of the filter is inserted into the oil path formed inside a crankcase of the internal combustion engine.
2. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the filter is formed to have a bottomed cylindrical shape including an open end formed by opening one end of a cylindrical outer periphery portion in one end, and a bottom having the hole in an other end;
the filter is inserted into the insertion inner wall portion of the oil path in a state where the outer wall portion of the main body is inserted from the open end side into the outer peripheral portion and is engaged therewith;
the oil path includes a restrict portion projected toward an oil passage center axis more than the insertion wall portion; and
a distance from the open end to a leading end portion, existing upstream on the oil flow passage, is set larger than a distance from the leading end portion of the main body to the restrict portion, in a state where the main body is mounted on the internal combustion engine.
3. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the filter includes multiple holes; and
a clearance is formed between the bottom and the restrict portion in a state where the main body is mounted on the internal combustion engine.
4. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the bottom includes a first surface and a second surface formed in a projecting shape or in a recessed shape in the oil flow passage direction with respect to the first surface; and
the holes are formed in both of the first surface and the second surface.
5. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the filter is disposed in such a manner that the bottom and the leading end portion of the main body are separated from each other in a state where it is mounted on the main body.
6. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filter is formed to have a bottomed cylindrical shape including an outer peripheral portion and the filter is mounted onto the main body with such light pressure insertion operation as enables the outer peripheral portion to be mounted onto and be removed from the outer wall portion.
7. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the filter is formed to have a bottomed cylindrical shape including an outer peripheral portion; and
a female screw section formed in an inner surface of the outer peripheral portion is threadedly engaged with a male screw section formed in an outer wall portion of the main body.
8. The piston cooling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
an engaging piece provided in one of the filter and the main body and projected in a direction crossing an axis of the main body; and
an engaging groove portion formed in the other of the filter and the main body configured to receive the engaging piece, wherein
the engaging piece and the engaging groove portion is engaged with each other; and
the engaging groove portion includes a first groove section allowing the movement of the engaging piece along the axis and a second groove section allowing the movement of the engaging piece along a rotation direction around the axis.